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Agriculture University, Jodhpur

Agriculture University, Jodhpur was established on 14th September, 2013 by Government of Rajasthan under Agriculture University, Jodhpur Act 21 of 2013 to focus on holistic development of arid and semi-arid regions of the state covering 6 districts (Jodhpur, Barmer, Nagaur, Pali, Jalore and Sirohi), constituting 28% of total geographical area which is sustaining 20.8% human and 28.4% animal population of the state. The districts under jurisdiction of the university cover 3 agro-ecological zones of the state. These are Arid Western Plain Zone Ia (Jodhpur and Barmer districts), Transitional plain of Luni Basin Zone IIb (Jalore, Pali, and Sirohi districts) and part of Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone IIa (Nagaur district). The university has 1 institute of diploma and 3 colleges to produce highly competent educated human resources in agriculture and allied sciences besides 2 agricultural research stations, one each in zone Ia & IIb and 3 agricultural research sub stations, one in each zone to prepare, plan and perform highly need based research in this acute water scarce but naturally rich bio-diversified zone of the country. The third most important part in tri-pillar (Teaching, Research & Extension) of agricultural development, the extension for transfer of technologies are reached to doorsteps of the farming community by 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (K-V-Ks), 2 in Nagaur district and 1 each in Jodhpur, Barmer, Jalore & Sirohi districts under the umbrella of the university. The different units of teaching, research and extension are coordinating to systematically run by the headquarter situated at Mandor, Jodhpur.

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2018 - 201972020 - 202316
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 24
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Divergence Studies in Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. P. Beauv)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-08-14) Yadav, Yogendar; Dhoot, Rupal
    An experiment entitled “Genetic Divergence Studies in Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. P. Beauv)’’ was conducted with 36 genotypes in khraif season 2022 at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur (Rajasthan). The experiment was put out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The observations of days to 50% flowering, number of productive tillers per plant, plant height, days to maturity, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, ear length, ear width, straw weight, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, grain protein, SCMR and grain yield per plant were recorded. Analysis of variance exhibited significant difference for all the trait, indicating the good amount of inherent variation were present. The phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher as compare to genotypic coefficient of variance for all the trait under study. The highest value of PCV and GCV was recorded for straw weight and chlorophyll content, while high heritability with high genetic advance were number of productive tillers per plant, ear width, straw weight and chlorophyll content. Analysis of correlation coefficient indicted that the grain yield per plant had positive significant correlation with ear width and straw weight. According to path analysis, the trait like flag leaf length, harvest index, straw weight and SCMR showed positive direct effect on grain yield per plant. The genetic divergence calculated by Mahalanobis D² statistics, grouped 36 genotypes into 11 cluster. Maximum intra cluster distance was recorded in cluster Ⅸ followed by cluster Ⅳ and cluster Ⅰ. Maximum inter cluster distance recorded between cluster Ⅲ and XI. Among the genotype showed a good level of divergence. Out of 36 genotypes GP-21, SiA3156, GP-217, SiA3222, GP-205, SiA3058, GP-118 and GP-180 were found superior in grain yield and for other characters based on mean performance. Hence, these genotypes would be used as parental source for future breeding programme.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability Analysis for Morphological Traits in Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Under Normal and Limited Moisture Conditions
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021) Junjhadia, Sunita; Khandelwal, Vikas
    An experiment entitled “Variability Analysis for Morphological Traits in Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Under Normal and Limited Moisture Conditionsˮ was conducted with 30 genotypes in Kharif, 2020 at Research Farm of ICAR-AICRP on Pearl Millet, Project Coordinating Unit, Mandor-Jodhpur (Rajasthan). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with 3 replications in two moisture conditions and observations of days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, leaf area, flag leaf area, plant height, panicle length, panicle girth, stem girth, number of productive tillers per plant, number of nodes per plant, 1000- grain weight, dry fodder yield per plant, relative water content, chlorophyll content, grain yield and drought susceptibility index were recorded. Analysis of variance depicted significant difference for all the traits under study, indicated that good amount of inherent variations are present. The phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher than genotypic coefficient of variance for all the traits under study, indicating influence of environment on expression of such traits. The highest value of PCV and GCV were observed for dry fodder yield per plant and the lowest for days to maturity in both moisture conditions. All the traits showed high heritability except days to 50% flowering, days to maturity in limited moisture condition and RWC in both moisture conditions. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for grain yield, dry fodder yield, plant height, panicle length, panicle girth, stem girth, leaf area, flag leaf area, number of productive tillers per plant, number or nodes per plant, 1000 grain weight and chlorophyll content in both moisture conditions, indicating these traits were govern by additive gene action. Hence, for the improvement in grain yield, selection on these traits could be practiced. Analysis of correlation coefficient revealed that grain yield per plant had positive and significant correlation with flag leaf area, number of productive tillers per plant, 1000- grain weight, RWC and chlorophyll content in both moisture conditions. Moreover, in normal moisture condition panicle girth and dry fodder yield per plant also showed positive and significant correlation with grain yield per plant. These results illustrating that these traits important in contribution for grain yield. High variations were observed for drought susceptibility index (DSI) in this study. DSI values ranged between 0.350 and 1.376. The genotypes with low DSI value were considered as drought resistant, meanwhile, genotypes with high DSI value were considered as drought susceptible.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis, Combining ability and Stability study in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-09-25) Sharma, Versha; Kumhar, Sita Ram
    The present experiment “Heterosis, Combining ability and Stability study in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)” was conducted in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications under three different environmental conditions viz., Kharif, 2020 at Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur (E1); Kharif, 2021 at Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur (E2) and Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur (E3). Experimental material was consisted of 44 entries comprising of 30 crosses, developed from three lines (MCP-1-1, SKP-84 and DPC-15) and ten testers (MP-2-17, MP-12-17, MP-27-17, MP-32-17, MP-34-17, MP-35- 17, MP-36-17, MP-39-17, MP-41-17 and MP-42-17) using line × tester along with one check, GCH-8. The crop in E1 was sown on 1st week of August (Kharif, 2020), E2 on 4th week of August and E3 on 2nd week of September (Kharif, 2021). The observations were recorded for 12 characters viz., days to emergence of primary raceme, days to maturity of primary raceme, height up to primary raceme (cm), number of nodes to primary raceme, number of effective raceme per plant, effective primary raceme length (cm), number of capsules per primary raceme, 100-seed weight, volume weight (g/100 ml), seed yield at 120, 150, 180 and 210 days after sowing (g/plant), oil content (%) and ricinoleic acid content (%). Analysis of pooled data for experimental design indicated that genotypes exhibited significant differences for all the traits in individual as well as in pooled analysis. Environmental influence was observed on all the traits studied as the significant differences were observed for all the characters except days to maturity of primary raceme. Genotype × environment exhibited significant differences for all the traits except days to maturity of primary raceme and 100-seed weight. Pooled analysis of variance due to lines and testers was also significant for all the traits except seed yield at 210 days after sowing in lines. Parents and hybrids were also significant for most of the traits under individual as well as pooled over environments. Mean squares due to lines vs. testers indicated predominance of variation for most of the traits except 100-seed weight, seed yield at 120 and 210 days after sowing; and ricinoleic acid content. The magnitude of 2gca was greater than 2sca for days to emergence of primary raceme, days to maturity of primary raceme, height up to primary raceme, number of nodes to primary raceme, effective primary raceme length and 100-seed weight over environments; whereas  2 sca was higher than that of  2 gca for seed volume weight. For traits viz., number of effective raceme per plant, number of capsules per primary raceme, seed yield at 120, 150, 180 and 210 days after sowing both additive and dominance gene action found to be involved. Oil content and ricinoleic acid content showed negative ratio of variance due to gca to variance due to sca (-2gca/-2sca) which indicated that the environmental influence were higher for these two traits. GCA effects indicated that among lines, MCP-1-1 found good general combiner for seed yield at 120, 150, 180 and 210 days after sowing and; for other yield contributing traits. Parent DPC-15 considered as good general combiner for earliness, on the contrary, two testers viz., MP-12-17 and MP-27-17 were found superior for overall seed yield at final harvest (at 210 days after sowing) and also for some yield governing traits. For both high oil content and ricinoleic acid content MP36-17 considered as desirable. Hybrids, SKP-84 × MP-36-17, MCP-1-1 × MP-12-17 and DPC-15 × MP-34-17 for overall seed yield and MCP-1-1 × MP-2-17, SKP-84 × MP-34-17 and DPC-15 × MP-12-17 for earliness were the best specific combiners. On the basis of heterosis, the best hybrids for seed yield were MCP-1-1 × MP-12-17, MCP-1-1 × MP-42-17 which were also good performer for oil content. For earliness, DPC-15 × MP-12-17 and DPC-15 × MP-2-17; and for oil content and ricinoleic acid content MCP-1-1 × MP-35-17 and MCP-1-1 × MP-36-17 considered as better hybrids. On the basis of stability analysis most of the traits showed stable performance as the genotype × environment interaction was significant only for three characters viz., number of capsules per primary raceme, seed yield at 120 days after sowing and ricinoleic acid content. Among lines, MCP-1-1 found stable for overall seed yield at final harvest. Tester, MP-34-17 was average stabile for five traits viz., seed yield at 180 days after sowing, days to emergence of primary raceme, height up to primary raceme, oil content and ricinoleic acid content whereas MP-12-17 was having average stablility for four characters viz., number of nodes to primary raceme, number of effective raceme per plant, 100-seed weight and oil content. Hybrids, MCP-1-1 × MP-35-17, MCP-1-1 × MP-27-17 and MCP-1-1 × MP-39-17 were considered to be the best as these hybrids showed average stability for overall seed yield and maximum number of traits over others. For oil content and ricinoleic acid content two hybrids found average stable viz., MCP-1-1 × MP-12-17 and DPC-15 × MP-32-17. On overall basis, female parent (line) MCP-1-1 and male parent MP-12-17 (tester) was identified as good performer on the basis of significant gca effects and stability analysis for seed yield. Hybrid MCP-1-1 × MP-12-17 had high sca effects, maximum heterosis as well as average stability for seed yield, therefore, considered as the best among all the hybrids.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Heterosis, Combining Ability and Gene Effects in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-08-24) Raghunwanshi, Shalini; Ramesh
    An experiment entitled “Studies on Heterosis, Combining Ability and Gene Effects in Castor (Ricinus communis L.)” was conducted with eight true breeding inbred lines, which were crossed in diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) for the development of 28 hybrids. Resultant hybrids and parents were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications at the ARS Farm, Mandor, Agriculture university, Jodhpur, during kharif, 2022. The observations were recorded for 14 quantitative traits viz., days to 50 % flowering, days to 80% maturity of main spike, plant height up to primary raceme (cm), number of nodes up to primary raceme, number of primary branches per plant, effective number of spike per plant, total length of main spike (cm), effective length of main spike (cm), leaf area of 3rd leaf from main spike (cm2 ), number of capsules on main spike, 100-seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g), volume weight ratio (g/ 100 ml) and oil content (%). The analysis of variance for experimental design revealed highly significant variances for genotypes, parents and hybrids for all the characters except number of nodes in parents. Interaction, parents vs. hybrids were highly significant for number of primary branches per plant, effective number of spike per plant, total length of main spike, effective length of main spike and oil content. Hybrid PVT-4 × MCI-8 exhibited significant positive heterosis over mid parent (27.46%), better parent (20.65%) and standard check GCH-8 (30.44%) and hybrid MP-11-17 × PVT-7 over the standard check GCH-8 (21.78%) for seed yield per plant and contributing traits. Parents, PVT-4, PVT-6, PVT-7 and hybrids, PVT-4 × MCI-8, MP-11-17 × AP-282 and MP-11-17 × PVT-7 were found promising as they registered significant positive GCA and SCA, respectively, for seed yield per plant and some of yield attributes. Hayman and Griffing's diallel analyses indicated over-dominance for seed yield per plant, days to 50% flowering, effective number of spike per plant and, leaf area of 3rd leaf from main spike, partial dominance for number of days to 80% maturity of main spike, plant height up to primary raceme, number of primary branches per plant, total length of main spike, effective length of main spike, number of capsules on main spike, 100-seed weight and complete dominance for number of nodes up to primary raceme, volume weight ratio and oil content . Considering mean performance, heterosis, combining ability and variance-covariance parameters the parents PVT-3, PVT-7, PVT-4, PVT-6 and cross combinations PVT-4 × MCI-8, MP-11-17 × PVT-7, PVT-6 × AP-282 and MP-11-17 × AP-282 were found promising for their exploitation in practical plant breeding.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-08-02) Ruchika; Khandelwal, Vikas
    Three testers (Male sterile lines) and eleven lines (Restorer lines) was crossed in line × tester design to estimates the heterosis and combining ability studies in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] and developed experimental material during summer, 2022. Afterwards, the parents along with thirty three hybrids and standard checks (MPMH-17, MPMH-21 and HHB 67) were evaluated during kharif, 2022. The crossing and evaluation work was carried out at Research farm of AICRP on Pearl Millet, Mandor (Jodhpur) Rajasthan. The analysis of variance, due to parents and parents vs. hybrids showed significant differences for all the characters in the study, while, for the hybrids it showed significant results for all the traits except for plant height and days to 50% flowering. Which indicated existence of considerable amount of genetic variability. On the basis of per se performance, hybrids ICMA 04999 × MIR 915, ICMA 94555 × MIR 1252, ICMA 04999 × MIR 710, ICMA 04999 × MIR 525-2 and ICMA 96333 × MIR 710 were found to be promising for grain yield per plant. Considerable amount of standard heterosis in desirable direction over the best standard check was observed for plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, zinc content, 1000- grain weight, stover yield per plant, harvest index and grain yield per plant. Hybrids ICMA 04999 × MIR 915, ICMA 94555 × MIR 1252, ICMA 04999 × MIR 710, ICMA 04999 × MIR 525-2 and ICMA 96333 × MIR 710 were reported good for grain yield per plant and other yield attributing traits and showed high per se performance and standard heterosis. Seventeen hybrids displayed positive significant standard heterosis for grain yield per plant. The top three hybrids viz., ICMA 04999 × MIR 915, ICMA 94555 × MIR 1252 and ICMA 04999 × MIR 710 exhibited maximum significant standard heterosis. These hybrids also showed positive significant standard heterosis for number of effective tillers per plant, stover yield per plant and harvest index over the best standard check. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed the importance of both additive and non-additive gene action with prime role of non-additive genetic variance for inheritance of characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length and diameter, iron and zinc content, 1000-grain weight, stover yield per plant, harvest index, and grain yield per plant. Whereas, preponderance of additive gene action was found for inheritance of plant height and nodes per plant. The estimation of general combining ability suggested that, female parents ICMA 94555, ICMA 04999 and male parents MIR 1259, MIR 1252, MIR 612 and MIR 1106 were good general combiner for yield and some other yield attributing characters. The best specific crosses for grain yield per plant involved the combinations of either average × average or good × poor. Three hybrids viz., ICMA 04999 × MIR 915, ICMA 94555 × MIR 1106 and ICMA 96333 × MIR 612 showed maximum sca effect for grain yield per plant and other yield attributing traits like number of effective tillers per plant, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, stover yield per plant and harvest index.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Assessment of Genetic Parameters in Mutant Lines of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2023-09-13) Bijarniya, Pradeep; Bhardwaj, Rahul
    An experiment entitled “Assessment of Genetic Parameters in Mutant Lines of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)” was conducted with 40 genotypes of Brassica juncea in Rabi Season 2022-23 at Research Farm, Agriculture Research Station Mandor, Agriculture University Jodhpur (Rajasthan). The experiment was carried out in randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications. The observations for days to first flower initiation, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, siliqua length, number of seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per plant, harvest index, oil content, and screening of white rust and powdery mildew were recorded. Analysis of variance exhibited significant difference for all the trait, indicating the good amount of inherent variation was present. The phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher as compare to genotypic coefficient of variance for all the traits under study. The highest value of PCV and GCV was recorded for harvest index followed by number of siliqua per plant, plant height, number of seed per siliqua. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for all the characters except days to maturity, days to 50% flowering, days to first flower initiation and oil content which has high heritability coupled with low genetic advance as percent of mean. Analysis of correlation coefficient indicated that seed yield per plant had positive significant correlation with number of siliqua per plant and harvest index. According to path analysis, the traits like days to first flower initiation, plant height, number of siliqua per plant, 1000-seed weight and harvest index showed positive direct effect on seed yield per plant. The genetic divergence calculated by Mahalanobis D2 statistics, grouped 40 genotypes into seven clusters. Maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster VI followed by cluster III, cluster I, cluster VII. Whereas maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster V and VII followed by cluster VI and VII, cluster III and VII and cluster IV and VII. As per Ward’s D coefficient the 40 genotypes of Brassica juncea were grouped in VII different clusters. All the genotypes showed a good level of divergence among themselves as most distant related species clustured in different groups. The genotype viz., MMM 21-10 and MMM 21-11 depicted good yield along with high oil content (%) and moderate resistant for white rust and powdery mildew in Indian mustard.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Variability and Stability Analysis in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-09-29) Kumar, Surendra; Bhardwaj, Rahul
    An experiment entitled “Genetic Variability and Stability Analysis in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)” was conducted with forty-five genotypes over four different environments created by two date of sowing and two different spacing between row to row in Rabi 2021-22 at Instructional Farm, Collage of Agriculture, Jodhpur. The experiment was laid out in RBD with two replications and observations were recorded for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, first branch initiation height, number of primary branches per plant, siliqua density of main raceme, number of siliquae per plant, silique length, number of seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per plant, seed yield (kg/ha), harvest index and oil content. Pooled analysis of variance revealed significant differences due to genotype, environment and G × E for all the traits under study. Environment wise analysis of variance revealed that significant differences were observed for genotypes in all four environments for all the traits. Timely sown and normal spacing environment (E1) was better for the expression of traits as it was having wider range from most of the traits and timely sown and reduced spacing environment (E2) was relatively better as it having higher mean for yield and most of the yield contributing traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits which inferred influence of environment. Highest value of PCV and GCV were observed for number of siliquae per plant, seed yield per plant, seed yield (kg/ha) in all the four environments. High heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for number of siliquae per plant, seed yield per plant, seed yield (kg/ha), first branch initiation height, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, 1000-seed weight and number of seeds per siliqua for all the four environments suggested that these traits were governed by additive gene action. Hence, these traits are much likely to prove effective in selection to improve seed yield per plant in mustard. E + (G×E) was also significant for all the traits except first branch initiation height, number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per silique and harvest index. The stability analysis following Eberhart and Russell (1966) model revealed that two genotypes TM 303-2 and TM 312-2 showed average stability for seed yield per plant. Whereas the genotypes TM 314-1, TM 314-2, TM 317-1, JD 6, GDM 4, Navgold, Bio-902, Kranti, and RH 0749 were stable and desirable for seed yield (kg/ha) because these had high mean, regression coefficient equivalent to unity (bi=1) and S2 di were non-significant/zero. Thus, these genotypes are desirable over wide range of environment conditions. These genotypes can be used in hybridization programme as a parent as may through advantageous sergeants for respective environment in upcoming generations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Analysis for Heat Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-09-19) Badgotya, Pinky; Kumhar, Sita Ram
    An experiment entitled “Genetic Analysis for Heat Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was carried out at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur (Rajathan) during Rabi season of 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with forty genotypes and three replications in three environmental conditions and observations of days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers per plant, peduncle length, flag leaf area, spike length, grain yield per plant, harvest index, 1000-grain weight, canopy temperature, membrane stability index, chlorophyll content and heat tolerance index (HTI) were recorded. Analysis of variance depicted significant difference for all the traits under study, indicating that good amount of inherent variations were present. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits under study, indicating influence of environment on expression of such traits. The highest value of PCV and GCV were observed for canopy temperature and the lowest for days to maturity in all three environments. Traits showing high heritability in D1 were chlorophyll content, canopy temperature, grain yield per plant, flag leaf area, 1000-grain weight, number of tillers per plant, peduncle length and days to heading while, in D2 number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, plant height, grain yield per plant, canopy temperature and spike length. In D3 environment, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, chlorophyll content, grain yield per plant, flag leaf area, peduncle length and plant height. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for chlorophyll content, canopy temperature, grain yield per plant and number of tillers per plant in D1 while, in D2 it is recorded for traits like chlorophyll content, canopy temperature, grain yield per plant, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and flag leaf area. In D3 for grain yield per plant, 1000-grain weight, flag leaf area, peduncle length, harvest index and plant height, indicating that these traits were governed by additive gene action. Hence, for the improvement in grain yield, selection on these traits could be made. Analysis of correlation coefficient revealed that grain yield per plant had positive and significant correlation with harvest index and 1000-grain weight in D1 and D3 environment while, in D2 plant height, peduncle length and spike length exhibited positive and significant correlation with grain yield per plant. These results illustrate that these traits are important in contribution to grain yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plant exhibited by membrane stability index followed by peduncle length, harvest index and flag leaf area in D1 environment. In D2 environment, harvest index, canopy temperature, peduncle length, days to maturity, spike length and membrane stability index while, in D3 environment harvest index and peduncle length. High variations were observed for heat tolerant index (HTI) in this study. HTI values ranged between 0.293 to 1.196 in D2 and 0.120 to 0.429 in D3. The genotypes with high HTI value were considered as heat tolerant or resistant, meanwhile, genotypes with low HTI value were considered as heat susceptible. In D2 genotype TAW-221 was best among the heat tolerant and can be used as heat tolerant or resistant genotype.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Variability and Character Association Studies in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2022-09-19) Singh, Ajay; Khandelwal, Vikas
    An experiment entitled “Genetic Variability and Character Association Studies in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)” was conducted with 50 genotypes in Rabi season 2021-22 at Instructional Farm, Collage of Agriculture, Jodhpur (Rajasthan). The experiment was carried out in randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications and two environments (timely and late sown conditions). The observations were recorded on days to first flower initiate, days to 50 % flowering, days to first pod formation, days to last pod development, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index, relative water content, membrane stability index, seed yield per plant, heat tolerant index and heat susceptible index. Analysis of variance exhibited significant difference for all the traits in both timely and late sown conditions, indicating the presence of good amount of inherent variations. The phenotypic coefficient of variance was higher as compare to genotypic coefficient of variance for all the traits under study, indicating the influence of environment on the expression of traits. In both timely and late sown conditions, the higher value of PCV and GCV was recorded for 100 seed weight. All the traits under study showed high heritability in both sown conditions, except number of primary branches per plant, harvest index, membrane stability index and relative water content, while harvest index showed high heritability in late sown condition. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for days to first flower initiate, days to 50% flowering, days to first pod formation, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant in both timely and late sown conditions. Moreover, plant height and number of secondary branches per plant showed high heritability with high genetic advance only in late sown condition. Which indicated that these traits are governed by additive gene action and direct selection for these traits would be effective. Analysis of correlation coefficient indicated that seed yield per plant had positive and significant correlation with plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant and harvest index in both timely and late sown condition. Furthermore, in late sown condition, days to first flower initiate, days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches per plant and relative water content also exhibited positive and significant correlation with seed yield per plant. According to path coefficient analysis, the traits like days to first flower initiate, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant and harvest index showed positive direct effect on seed yield in timely sown condition, whereas, in late sown condition, days to 50% flowering, plant height, 100-seed weight, number of pods per plant, harvest index, relative water content and membrane stability index had positive direct effect on seed yield. That may be helpful in selection of genotypes for further breeding programs. The genetic divergence studies, grouped 50 genotypes into 16 cluster in timely sown condition and 9 cluster in late sown condition. In timely sown condition, maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster II and X while, in late sown condition, maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster IV and IX. So, genotypes present in these clusters may be used in hybridization programs to obtain highly segregates. High variations were observed for heat tolerance index (HTI) and heat susceptibility index (HSI) in present study. The genotypes RSGD 1164 showed high HTI value and genotype GP 238 showed low HSI value so considered as heat tolerant genotype and suggested to utilized as promising breeding material for the development of a new set of heat tolerant chickpea lines.