Genetic Variability and Stability Analysis in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
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Date
2022-09-29
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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Abstract
An experiment entitled “Genetic Variability and Stability Analysis in Mustard
(Brassica juncea L.)” was conducted with forty-five genotypes over four different
environments created by two date of sowing and two different spacing between row to
row in Rabi 2021-22 at Instructional Farm, Collage of Agriculture, Jodhpur. The
experiment was laid out in RBD with two replications and observations were recorded for
days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, first branch initiation height,
number of primary branches per plant, siliqua density of main raceme, number of siliquae
per plant, silique length, number of seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per
plant, seed yield (kg/ha), harvest index and oil content. Pooled analysis of variance
revealed significant differences due to genotype, environment and G × E for all the traits
under study. Environment wise analysis of variance revealed that significant differences
were observed for genotypes in all four environments for all the traits. Timely sown and
normal spacing environment (E1) was better for the expression of traits as it was having
wider range from most of the traits and timely sown and reduced spacing environment
(E2) was relatively better as it having higher mean for yield and most of the yield
contributing traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than
genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits which inferred influence of
environment. Highest value of PCV and GCV were observed for number of siliquae per
plant, seed yield per plant, seed yield (kg/ha) in all the four environments. High
heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were observed for
number of siliquae per plant, seed yield per plant, seed yield (kg/ha), first branch
initiation height, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, 1000-seed weight
and number of seeds per siliqua for all the four environments suggested that these traits
were governed by additive gene action. Hence, these traits are much likely to prove
effective in selection to improve seed yield per plant in mustard.
E + (G×E) was also significant for all the traits except first branch initiation
height, number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per silique and harvest
index. The stability analysis following Eberhart and Russell (1966) model revealed that
two genotypes TM 303-2 and TM 312-2 showed average stability for seed yield per plant.
Whereas the genotypes TM 314-1, TM 314-2, TM 317-1, JD 6, GDM 4, Navgold, Bio-902, Kranti, and RH 0749 were stable and desirable for seed yield (kg/ha) because these
had high mean, regression coefficient equivalent to unity (bi=1) and S2
di were non-significant/zero. Thus, these genotypes are desirable over wide range of environment
conditions. These genotypes can be used in hybridization programme as a parent as may
through advantageous sergeants for respective environment in upcoming generations.
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Citation
Kumar, Surendra 2022. Genetic Variability and Stability Analysis in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.). M.Sc. Thesis, Agriculture University, Jodhpur