Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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Open Access
RELATIONSHIP OF PARENTING STYLES WITH PERSONALITY AND MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS
(guntur, 2022-09-06) BABITHA, BOJJAGANI; UMA DEVI, L.
Adolescence is transition period from a relatively dependent childhood to the adulthood’s psychological, social and economic independence. Adolescence is an important phase for parents and children. They make special efforts to understand one another. The proper role of the parents is to provide encouragement, support and access to activities that enable the child to master key developmental tasks.Parenting style is one of the vital variables of personality growth and development in adolescence. Personality and identity formation during adolescence is influenced by the dyadic parent-child association (Schofield et al. 2012). Children learn about moral values from how parents share about rules and the penalties of violating them, but they absorb even more when parents conversation about people’s feelings and how those feelings are affected by the child’s conduct (Killen and Smetana, 2006). The current research is about connection between parenting styles with moral and personality development of adolescents, which wasconducted in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh. Current research was planned using exploratory research design. The sample was selected randomly, 180respondentswho are in the age of 12-21 years and their parents (either of the parent). The study focused on child related, parent related and family related factors which includes age, gender, education/ class of study, ordinal position, parent education, parent occupation, type of family, size of family and socio- 12 economic status, parenting styles. Personality and moral developmentwere dependentvariables. The personal information of the selected sample was collected through general information schedule. The data related to parenting patterns adopted by the parents was collected through a standardized scale developed Shyny. T.Y and V. G. Omana in 2017which consists of fourparenting styles i.e. Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive and Uninvolved. The personality development of adolescents was assessed by using a Big Five Personality test developed by Goldberg in 1992 which comprised of 5dimensions i.e. Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Openness to experience. The moral development of adolescents was assessed by using Moral Development scale developed by Alpanan Sen Gupta and Shagufta Fakhrudden in 2015 which consists of five dimensions i.e. Lying, Stealing, Dishonesty, Cheating and Moral reasoning. Most of the parents of selected adolescents were not well-educated and are from nuclear families and nearly one third of them are from upper middle, lower middle and upper lower class of socio-economic status. Majority of the parents of selected adolescents adopted democratic parenting and only few of the parents adopted permissive and authoritarian parenting styles. The data regarding personality factors revealed that early adolescents had high level of agreeableness and low level of neuroticism. Conscientiousness and agreeableness personality factors seem to be high in middle adolescents. Late adolescents scored high on positive personality traits and low in negative traits. Irrespective of adolescents age, openness to experience, conscientiousness, agreeableness dimensions had high level in adolescents and low level of extraversion and neuroticism. Gender of the respondents did not differ much in all the personality factors. Early adolescents had scored high in moral development as compared to middle and late adolescents. Irrespective of age, majority of the adolescents scored high level of moral development followed by low and medium. Boys and girls did not differ significantly in moral development. The outcomes of the current study showed that, Democratic parenting was found to have positive relation with extraversion and agreeableness. Authoritarian parenting had negative relationship with conscientiousness and agreeableness personality factors. Permissive parenting had significant and negative related with openness to experience 13 and uninvolved parenting has a positive relation with agreeableness, neuroticism personality factors of adolescents. Among demographic variables, age, education was correlated with openness to experience, conscientiousness and agreeableness personality factors. Gender was positively correlatedwithconscientiousness and negative relationship with openness to experience personality factors. Socio-economic status had positive relation with neuroticism personality factor only. Democratic and authoritarian parenting was positively significantly correlated with adolescents moral development. Neglected and indulgent parenting had negative relation with adolescentsmoral development. Among demographic variables, gender, family size, family type had positive relationship with moral development of adolescent. Socio-economic status and adolescent’s moral development was found to be negatively significant. Hence, Democratic parenting style is good than the other parenting styles and it has good impact on adolescent’s personality and moral development. Similarly joint families contributing better in adolescent’s moral development as compared to nuclear families.
Open Access
IMPLEMENTATION STATUS OF PRESCHOOL CURRICULUM BY ANGANWADI CENTERS IN TRIBAL AREAS OF VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT
(guntur, 2022-08-23) ARUNA KUMARI, MOSYA; PRASANTHI, SEELAM
ABSTRACT Early Childhood Education contributes to the universalization of primary education, by providing necessary preparation for primary schooling to the child. Early childhood education for the children aged 3-8 years is one of the services provided under the ICDS. It is directed towards providing a natural, joyful & stimulating environment with emphasis on necessary inputs for growth and development. There appears to be only few research studies conducted on early childhood related to ICDS particularly in tribal areas. Most of the studies were conducted on services provided at Anganwadi centers related to health and nutrition aspects. Further there are no research studies done implementing the preschool curriculum with effect in developmental outcomes of children in all areas of holistic development. To plan or to improve implementation status of preschool education at tribal Anganwadi centers more empirical research is required. Hence the present study was taken to fill the gap in research. The present study was carried out in tribal area of Visakhapatnam district on the implementation status of preschool curriculum by Anganwadi centers in tribal areas. An Ex-post facto research design was adopted for conducting the study. Random sampling technique was used to select 120 preschool children between the age group of 3-6 years and 30 Anganwadi workers (AWWs), 30 Anganwadi Helpers (AWHs) between the age group of 21-60 years. The independent variables in the study were profile of Anganwadi workers, Anganwadi helpers and preschool children, infrastructure facilities available at selected centers, knowledge levels of Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi helpers. The developmental outcome of children and pedagogy process was considered as the dependent variable. xvii The tools used for data collection were general information schedules, questionnaire prepared by the investigator to assess the knowledge levels of Anganwadi workers and Anganwadi helpers and constraints related to implementation of Anganwadi curriculum, Observation checklist on implementation of curriculum, and data related to Developmental out comes in children was collected by using Child Assessment Card (3-6 years) developed by the Department of Women Development & Child welfare, Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. The results showed that most of the Anganwadi workers (40%) were in the age group of 31- 40 years and majority (43%) of the Anganwadi workers educational status was below 10th class. Majority of the selected sample AWWs (63%), AWHs (53%) and children (67%) belong to nuclear type of family. Maximum percentages of children were in the age range of 4-5 and 5-6 years and 42 per cent were found in the class of UKG (Upper Kindergarten). More than half (65.9%) of the children were able to complete the task on overall developmental outcomes of children based on child assessment card (3-6 years). Boys and girls performed almost equally on all areas of development. Girls performed better than boys in the area of physical (40%), cognitive (12.5%), socio-emotional development (39.1%) and creativity (36.7%). Boys performed better than girls in the area of language development (20%) only. The majority of the Anganwadi workers were in the average level (86.7%) related knowledge levels in preschool curriculum and majority of Anganwadi workers were not capable to focus on cognitive (75.9%)& language (62.5%) development related activities in Anganwadi centers. Maximum percentage (70%) of Anganwadi workers were performed activities in implementing the preschool curriculum activities effectively. The performance levels of Anganwadi helpers revealed that all the Anganwadi helpers (100%) were maintaining good levels of personal hygiene, child care and storage area component. The results related to infrastructure revealed that in most of the Anganwadi centers had no proportionate play area for indoor (67%) and outdoor (90%) play activities. Maximum percentage of Anganwadi workers had attended job course training (90%) for two weeks and refresher trainings (74%) for one week and Anganwadi helpers had attended job course training (47%) for two weeks and refresher training (83%) for one week. Results related to constraints in implementation of curriculum were lack of toilet facility (53%), availability of fans (10%), no space for science corners, doll & books (93%), lack of own buildings (37%), lack of sufficient staff (100%), not expected salary (83.3%) and no cooperation from parents (53.3%). The results of the present study showed that there was a gap in implementation of preschool curriculum by Anganwadi workers based on their knowledge levels on curriculum and developmental outcomes of children based on preschool activities done by them. Hence measures should be taken by the Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) to improve the implementation status of preschool curriculum by Anganwadi workers, more focus should be provided on preschool education (PSE) programmes than the other services provided at Anganwadi centers. As the Anganwadi workers have more additional workloads it is difficult for them to focus on the implementation of the curriculum. So, one more helper can be recruited by the government to carry out additional duties of the Anganwadi worker and also have more preschool education trainings or Early Childhood Care & Education (ECCE) training to enhance the growth & developmental needs of children in an effective manner.
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DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES OF INFANTS STIMULATED WITH SMART PHONES AND INDIGENOUS PLAY MATERIAL – A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF GUNTUR DISTRICT
(guntur, 2022-08-23) ROSELIN RUTH, PERIKALA.; PRASANTHI, SEELAM
The initial year’s brain development of infant is sensitive, displaying a incredible ability to absorb information and adapt to the surroundings. Infant stimulation is a process of providing supplemental sensory stimulation in any or all of the sensory modalities which are visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory (sense of taste) and vestibular (Body Balance) to an infant (Britannica). Playing is the instinct humans are born with just like eating and sleeping, playing is a survival instinct. During play, we develop social skills, learn about give and take interactions and test limits. The use of technology is not appropriate for infants under the age of 24 months in any circumstance. Time spent playing with a tablet or smart phone means the infant is not crawling, walking, climbing and exploring her environment. Sample size for the present study is 120 which included 30 infants out of whom 15 were boys and 15 were girls and their respective mothers form rural area and 30 infants out of whom 15 were boys and 15 were girls and their respective mothers form urban area. Motor and mental developments areas of development using Developmental assessment scale for Indian infants (DASII).A 19 items questionnaire was developed by the investigator for xiv studying the infant stimulation by care taker. A 32 item questionnaire was developed by the investigator for studying the usage of smart phone for infant stimulation. A 24 item questionnaire was developed by the investigator for studying the usage of indigenous play material for infant stimulation. The score was converted into frequencies and percentages were used for understanding the independent and dependent variables of respondent’s. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to study the age and gender differences among children with reference to dependent variables. T- test was administered to study the differences in the developmental outcomes of infants stimulated with smart phones and indigenous play materials. The results revealed that there is a impact on developmental status and significant differences in developmental outcomes of infants stimulated with smart phone and indigenous play material.
Open Access
SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCE ON LIVING STYLES OF RURAL AND URBAN ADOLESCENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
(guntur, 2022-08-18) CHANDANA, B.; UMA DEVI, L.
Adolescence is a period where the adolescents are in probe of social identify and feel enthusiastic in creating their own brand image among their peer group or community. In this progress social media stood as a tool or weapon for them in showcasing all the skills, abilities, interest and sharing owns ideas and also providing an opportunity to become an icon of the youth. Now-days social media with advanced features and with fastest network is attracting every age group specially adolescents, and reaching out every corner of the world no matter rural or urban. When we got to recall the past days the only means to exhibit one’s talents was giving performance in which they are fascinated but today with advanced technology and modernization, social media is providing scope to enhance their way of living as a benchmark. The current research is about social media influence on living styles of adolescents of rural and urban adolescents- a comparative study which is carried out in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh. Current research was planned based on Ex-post facto research design. Systematic random sampling method, used to select 240 samples of boys and girls of age group 13-19 years. Out of which 120 were from rural and 120 from urban areas. The independent variable of the study were age, gender, class of study, type of family, 12 socio-economic status, academic performance and social media usage. Dependent variable of the study was life style of the adolescents. The personal information of the selected sample was collected through general information schedule. The data related to life style of adolescents was collected through a standardized scale developed by S.K.Bawa and Sumanpreet Kaur which consists of six dimensions i.e. health, academic, career, trend, social and family oriented life style. The social media usage was assessed by using a questionnaire developed by Savita Gupta and Liqaqat Bashir which comprised of 19 items in statement form. The data on general profile of the respondents revealed that majority of them were of age group 17-19 years. Most of them were from nuclear families and more than half of them belonged to upper lower and less than half of them were from lower middle class of socio-economic status. The academic performance of the adolescents who secured I and II class were less than half of the participants and very few were ranked distinction. It was found that the usage of social media in both rural and urban adolescents was said to have above average level and average level of usage while very few were in high level and low level social media usage. The present study focused on understanding the association between social media usage and life style of rural and urban adolescents. The outcome of the present study showed that, among the all dimensions trend is most influential dimension and highly significantly positively related with social media usage by rural participants, whereas in urban scenario health is significantly positively related with social media usage. The study also revealed the difference between usage of social media among boys and girls in rural locality but not in urban locality. Boys were found to be involved more in using of social media than girls. With regard to the life style status of adolescents significant difference based on gender was found in urban scenario, girls were having better life style status as compared to boys but the variation was not found in rural adolescents. With regard to locality, non significant difference was observed in social media usage as well as life style status. The advanced technologies in digital media are influencing youngsters more than other age groups. The study could be a reference for parents and adolescents to known the life changing facet of social media and to know how to balance the practice of media usage for a better life. Awareness programs for youth, 13 parents and teachers can be helpful to monitor over addiction of social media and electronic gadgets.
Open Access
ELDER ABUSE AND ITS RELATION WITH PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING A SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
(guntur, 2022-08-18) PRASANNA, CHINTHALA; BILQUIS
ABSTRACT Ageing is an unavoidable developmental phenomenon that causes a variety of changes in physical, psychological, hormonal, and social conditions. As a man grows older, his reduced activities, income, and consequent decline in family and societal position make his life more vulnerable. An old person begins to feel that even his children do not look upon him with that degree of respect, which he used to get some years earlier. The old persons in our society feel neglected and humiliated. The disintegrating system of joint family, rapid urbanization and industrialization changing social values have together caused serious problem for the aged. They are treated like an unavoidable burden if they ceased to remain as productive members. (Dhara and Yogesh,2013). Elder abuse is a series of acts or single acts, that occur in any relationship based on hope and trust, and results in harm to an elderly person. (WHO 2021 The rise in the Senior citizen population is the result of changing fertility and mortality regimes over the last 40-50 years (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,(2011).BMC Public Health in 2018 reported that in India , 11% of elders are experiencing at least one type of abuse (Verbal 10.2%, Physical 5.3%, Financial 5.4%, Neglect 5.2% and Disrespect 6 percent. The Challenges of old age can be divided into two categories-the physical challenges and the psychological ones. Low level of physical regeneration, declining bone and teeth health, vulnerability to chronic diseases, weakening immune system, lack of deep sleep, decreasing sexual activity are common in old age and add burden to the health expenditure of the elderly. Physical debility puts immense pressure on the psychological health of the elderly as they grow more and more dependent on others - physical as well as financial. Retirement from work restricts income whereas medical needs escalate expenses. It also removes the retired people to the margins of all social activity which results in isolation and loss of self-confidence. Elder abuse is being studied broadly as there is a need to know about the extent of abuse and its impact on physical and psychological well-being. Hence, the present study was taken up to study the elder abuse and its association with physical and psychological well-being in Andhra Pradesh. The study was focused in Guntur and Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh State. The respondents were collected from elderly persons living in institutions and families located at Guntur and Nellore district. By using a developed general information schedule, Hwalek-Senstock ( HSEAST) Elder abuse screening test (1991), Wellbeing Index (WBI-CVSV) (2010) the data was collected. Purposive random sampling technique used for the selection of respondents. Elderly young old 65-74 years (men and women) and old-old 75-85 years (men and women) were selected randomly from three old age institutions of Guntur and Nellore district. Similarly young old and old-old respondents were also selected from families living in Nellore and Guntur district. The current study determined that the extent of elder abuse was high in elderly people living in institutions. The old-old elderly had experienced high level of abuse because of physical immobility and dependence on others to carry out their day to day activities. It was found that as age increase, the levels of abuse also increase. Significant income and gender variations were observed in experienced abuse where men had suffered more than women. This clearly indicated that who had better income source had better well-being. Older adults who were living with families had better well-being compared to old age homes. There was a significant and negative relationship between elder abuse and well-being of elderly. This clearly indicates that as the abuse levels increase physical and psychological well-being decreases.
Open Access
DIGITAL GAME ADDICTIONINFLUENCE ON COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIOURAL OUTCOMES OF CHILDREN (9-11 YEARS
(2021-09-03) BHAVANI, CH; BILQUIS
Childhood is a time for children to be in school and at play which helps to grow stronger and confident with love and encouragement from their family. It is a critical and important time in which children sought to live free from fears, safe from violence and guarded from abuse and exploitation. Now-a-days gaming behavior is emerged as a common habit among children. It is one of the common leisure activities among children. World Health Organization defines gaming disorder as “a persistent or recurrent behavior pattern of sufficient severity result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, work-related and other main areas of functioning”. “Digital game addiction” is a condition that stems from the steady growing passion for digital games and its excessive and uncontrolled usage, which definitely influences their cognition and behavior (Parisod et al. 2014).In past children used to play games in playgrounds but now children addicted to digital gadgets and playing in the mobile. They spend more time on mobile games and it leading to addiction. Digital game addiction shows the bad effects among the children now a days. Addiction to the mobile games lead to consequences like falling school, behavioural problems, health problems, effecting the social relationships and little effect on cognitive abilities. The most often occurring outcomes reportable for digital game addiction are behavioral, perceptual cognitive and physiological outcomes (Connolly et al. 2012). Digital game addiction is being studied extensively as there is a need to know about its effects on behavioural and cognitive skills of children. Hence the present study was taken up to study the digital game addiction- influence on cognitive and behavioural outcomes of children (9-11 years) in Andhra Pradesh. xvi The sample was drawn from the selected schools of Visakhapatnam District, to know the digital game addiction influence on cognitive and behavioural outcomes of the children. The total sample consists of 180 children selected from three schools. 60 children from each school who are in age group of 9-11 years. Out of 180 sample selected, 90 children were boys and 90 were girls. The research design adopted in the present study was Ex-Post facto research design. Data was collected through in depth interviews and administered with the help of Standardized scales and open ended questionnaire from the selected respondents. Digital game Addiction Scale (Altun, M. and Atasoy, M. 2018) is used to measure the level of digital game addiction in children, Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children (MISIC, 1973) is used to measure level of cognitive development in children, The Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) (chorpit, et al. 2000) is used to measure the children anxiety and depression level. The results shown that majority of the children irrespective of their age had high levels of digital game addiction where boys scored higher than girls. The children with low extent of digital game addiction had low levels of anxiety and depression symptoms in boys and girls. The low addicted children scored low on social phobia, panic disorder, major depression, separation anxiety, generalized anxiety and obsessivecompulsive disorders. The children with medium level of digital game addiction had medium levels of anxiety and depression symptoms in boys and girls. The children with high level of digital game addiction had high levels of anxiety and depression symptoms in both genders and scored high on social phobia, major depression, separation anxiety and generalized anxiety. Interestingly nearly half of the boys with low extent of digital game addiction performed low on cognitive skills. Girls with low level of digital game addiction scored high on cognitive skills. Children with medium level of digital game addiction scored average on cognitive skills and high level of digital game addiction scored average to high on cognitive skills irrespective of gender. There was a significance variance among the boys and girls scores on the level of digital game addiction among all age groups. There was a significant association between the level of digital addiction and behavioural outcomes of 9-11 years old children. There was no significant association between the level of digital addiction and cognitive development of 9-11 years old children however children who had high levels of digital game addiction scored high on performance skills than verbal skills irrespective of gender. There was a positive and significant relation observed between age of the child, digital game addiction and cognitive development and behavioural outcomes. Majority of the children spending four hours on Mobile and 61.7 percent were playing mobile games. Nearly 60 percent of the children playing free fire game in mobile. Majority of children playing violent and adventurous type of games in mobile and also children are facing health problems like headache and eye problem. Hence parents should have to check on the level of time spent on digital games and facilitate them in balancing their academic and recreational activities. Children need to be counselled about the ill effects of digital or mobile game addiction and its effect on health, emotional, behavioural and psychological disorders

Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

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