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Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda
Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda has been established as a full-fledged State University, having unique honour of being the “First Agricultural University of Bundelkhand Region”. The University was notified vide Government Order No. 301/79-V-1-10-1 (Ka) 27-2009 Lucknow and established on 2nd March 2010 under Uttar Pradesh Agriculture University Act (Sanshodhan) 1958 Gazette-Adhiniyam 2010. Initially it was named as “Manyawar Shri Kanshiram Ji University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda”, which was changed as “Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda” vide Uttar Pradesh Agriculture University Act (Sanshodhan) Adhiniyam, 2014, No. 1528(2)/LXXIX-V-1-14-1(Ka)-13-2014 dated 4th December 2014.
The University has been established for the development of the agriculture and allied sectors in the Uttar Pradesh on the whole and Bundelkhand region in particular. It is committed to serve the Bundelkhand region with trinity concept, i.e. complete integration of teaching, research and extension for the development of agriculture and allied sectors in order to ensure food security and enhance socio-economic status of inhabitants. State Government of Uttar Pradesh has assigned the University with the responsibilities of (a) human resource generation and development, (b) generation and perfection of technologies, and (c) their dissemination to the farmers, orchardists and dairy farmers in the Chitrakoot Dham and Jhansi divisions. The Chirtrkoot Dham Division consists of four districts, namely Banda, Chitrakoot (Karvi), Mahoba and Hamirpur whereas Jhansi Division consists of Jhansi, Lalitpur and Jalaun (Orai) districts.
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ThesisItem Open Access MORPHOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF FIELD PEA (Pisum sativum var. arvense)(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY BANDA-210001, UTTAR PRADESH (INDIA), 2023-08-18) SATYENDRA; Vijay SharmaForty-six germplasm of field pea including two checks (IPFD 10-12 and Ambika) were evaluated for genetic parameters, character association studies, and molecular diversity during rabi 2021-22 at BUAT, Banda. The observation was recorded on fifteen morpho-biochemical characters. Analysis of variance showed the existence of sufficient variability for studied characters among test genotypes. The results revealed that plant height, pods per plant, effective pods per plant, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant, non-reducing sugar, reducing sugar, total sugar, and total phenol exhibited high estimates of both PCV and GCV, indicating the possibility of improving these traits through selection. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean recorded for plant height, total number of pods per plant, effective pods per plant, biological yield per plant, seed yield per plant, non-reducing sugar, reducing sugar, total sugar, and total phenol indicated that these traits were governed by additive gene effects and selection may be effective. Correlation analysis revealed that seed yield per plant had strong positive association with total number of pods per plant, effective pods per plant, biological yield, seed per pods and plant height. Path analysis revealed that effective pods per plant, followed by biological yield exerted highest direct effect on seed yield in positive direction, whereas highly positive indirect effect exhibited by total number pods per plant, biological yield, and plant height via effective pod per plant, indicating these traits were important contributors to seed yield. A total of 43 repeatable alleles were detected by 14 polymorphic SSR markers in a size range of 150 bp (AA122) to 970 bp (AA504) with maximum of 4 fragments intensified by AD147, D21, AA504, AA122, and A9. Based on Jaccard dissimilarity coefficients and UNJ methods, all 46 genotypes were grouped into 3 clusters. The PCoA revealed 20.95% and 10.85% of the variation, respectively with 31.80% of cumulative variation. SSR markers indicated the presence of considerable genetic variability in studied genotypes.ThesisItem Open Access MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES UNDER HEAT & DROUGHT STRESS ENVIRONMENT(BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, BANDA-210001, UTTAR PRADESH, (INDIA), 2023-08-09) SATYAM SINGH; Hitesh KumarWheat, is a second staple food crop that feeds billions of people worldwide, faces production challenges due to the adverse effect of high temperatures and drought stress. To enhance its performance under such adverse conditions, stress tolerant lines with adaptive traits can significantly improve selection efficiency. This study involved the assessment of 108 wheat accessions, along with check HD 2967, DBW 222, and WCF 12-07 during 2021- 22 and 2022-23. The screening was conducted under optimum, heat and drought stress environment at BUAT Banda. A total of 14 agro-morphological, four physiological, and six stress indices were employed to evaluate the genotypes and assess their tolerance to drought and heat stress. ANOVA revealed significant differences among all genotypes across almost all characters under three environments. However, NT was non-significant among the test genotypes. Additionally, CTBS in HSE also displayed non-significant differences across different environments. Under a heat-stress environment (HSE), seed yield (SY) effected with highest reduction, with an average decrease of 58.31%. In contrast, under a droughtstress environment (DSE), the mean seed yield reduction was 27.52%. Among the evaluated genotypes, EC 445310, EC 445114, and EC 277156 demonstrated superior performance by exhibiting minimal yield reduction in HSE. On the other hand, genotypes IC 534830, IC 78859, and IC 82369 showed notable resilience to drought stress, displaying the least yield reduction in DSE. In both stressed environments, several traits exhibit positive correlations with seed yield (SY), including biological yield (BY), grain filling duration (GFD), number of tillers (NT), and hundred kernel weight (HKW). Conversely, canopy temperature at all three stages shows negative correlations with SY in both stress environments. Among accessions, based on stress tolerance indices (STI), IC 55718, IC 73575, and IC 0594378 identified heat tolerant genotypes. Under drought stress, IC 73575, IC 0443622, and IC 104617 stand out as the top-performing genotypes based on their STI. The genotypes IC 55718, IC 73575, IC 0594378, and IC 79040 were consistently identified as the top- performing genotypes in both stress environments. Their adaptability to adverse conditions makes them the common best-performing genotypes. Chlorophyll and CT stand out as crucial physiological traits that provide valuable insights into identifying wheat genotypes with the ability to cope with the challenges posed by climate change in wheat production. By incorporating selection indices that consistently associate with these physiological traits, the potential to significantly improve the selection efficiency of superior genotypes becomes evident.ThesisItem Open Access MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF WILD AND CULTIVATED Vigna SPECIES FOR DOMESTICATION RELATED TRAITS(BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE &TECHNOLOGYBANDA-210001, UTTAR PRADESH (INDIA), 2023-08-08) PRAGYA JEE; S. K. SinghTwenty-nine elite genotypes of mungbean were characterized morphologicallybyusing PPV&FRA DUS descriptors and deliberated for genetic variability parameters toknowthe variability in the studied material. Further, the genotypes were delineated usingmolecularmarkers (SCoT, SSR and gene based markers) to know diversity within and betweengenotypes.The DUS descriptors, plant habit and colour of premature pod did not showed anyvariationamong genotypes. The genotypes were distinct remarkably for the descriptors liketypeofgermination, anthocyanin pigmentation, time of flowering, plant growth habit, stemcolour,stem pubescence, leaflet lobes, leaf shape, colour and size, leaf vein colour, petiolecolour,flower colour, mature pod colour, pod pubescence, pod position, curvature of mature pod, podlength, seed colour, lustre and shape among the genotypes indicating their utilizationincharacterization, registration, protection and purity maintenance. In the present investigation,PCV was more than the GCV for all the fourteen quantitative traits showing the presenceofenvironmental influence on character expression. Further, the genetic variability was moreforthe characters viz., days to flower initiation, days to maturity, plant height, total number of podsper plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, chlorophyll content index at 15 days, seedindexand seed yield per plant. High heritability and high genetic advance for the traits flowerinitiation, days to maturity, plant height, total number of pods per plant, pod length, numberofseeds per pod, chlorophyll content index at 15 days, chlorophyll content index at 30days,chlorophyll content index at 45 days and chlorophyll content index at 60 days, seedindexandseed yield per plant indicated the additive gene effects role and exploitation of simple selectionName of the student: Pragya Jee ID. No. : 2031 Semester : IV Programme : M.Sc. (Ag.) Year of admission : 2021 Department : Genetics andPlantBreeding Major Subject : Genetics and Plant Breeding Minor Subject : Plant Biotechnology for these traits improvement. All the twenty-nine genotypes were characterized usingStartCodon Targeted (SCoT), Sequenced Characterised Amplified Region (SCAR), gene basedandSimple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers for screening of these genotypes. Ten SCoT, oneSCAR, three gene based and seven SSR primers were used for the molecular characterizationwhile, a total of 96 alleles were detected by 10 SCoT markers in a size range of 100-1450bpwith maximum 14 fragments intensified by SCoT-5 followed by SCoT-11 with 11fragmentsand a total of 29 alleles were detected by 7 SSR, 1 SCAR and 3 gene based markers inarangeof 100-1100bp with maximum 05 fragments intensified by g779 followed by CEDG293andCEDG 211 with 4 fragments. The study has identified some informative primers that could be employed tocarryoutfuture valuable molecular assessments for the purpose of improvement in Vigna genotypes.ThesisItem Open Access “Genetic Diversity in Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L.) Genotype using SCoT Markers”(Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh (India) 210001, 2023-08-18) Vijay Kumar Kushwaha; KamaluddinAn experiment was conducted in Augmented Design at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda during Kharif 2021- 22 to characterize finger millet genotypes for descriptive traits using DUS guide lines, to evaluate studied genotypes for yield and yield components and to assess the genetic diversity using molecular markers. The experimenting material was consisting of 49 genotypes including 4 checks viz. VL 149, RAU 03, VL 376 and VL 352 and the material was procured from IIMR, Hyderabad. DUS characterization was done using 22 descriptors and sixteen yield traits were recorded for characterization of genotypes for yield and yield component. Molecular diversity of the studied genotypes was estimated using SCoT marker. Cluster analysis was carried out using DARwin software and population structure was constructed using STRUCTURE software. The genotypes under investigation were highly diverse for ear shape, ear head length and seed colour descriptors. Dark colour seeded genotypes were more prevalent in the collected materials suggested that these entries may be used as parent in breeding varieties with good nutritional quality. The Shanon diversity index ranged from 0.598 to 1.317 indicating that wide range of variability for studied traits exist in the material. High heritability with high genetic advance was estimated for plant height, days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, number of leaves per plant, flag leaf area, biological yield per plant and harvest index indicating that additive gene action was involved in expression of these traits and simple selection can be used to improve these traits. Positive and significant correlation was found between seed yield and 1000 seed weight, productive tillers per plant, harvest index, days to 50% flowering and biological yield per plant indicating that the these should give importance while making selection for seed yield per plant. All the forty-nine genotypes were grouped in to three clusters. Cluster I included 23 genotypes followed by II and III with 15 and 11 genotypes, respectively. The genotype from cluster II and III will generate maximum extent of variability among segregants upon crossing the genotypes from these two clusters as the inter cluster distance between these cluster was found highest. PCA analysis divided all variables into sixteen components in which seven principal component was obtained with eigen value greater than one and these contributed 76.941% variation to the total variability. SCoT 1, SCoT 3, SCoT 9, SCoT 11 and SCoT 14 was found to be informative and able to detect polymorphism among the studied genotypes due to its high PIC value. All the studied genotypes were separated in to three population using STRUTURE software. Some genotypes represented as admixture indicating that those genotypes were collected from the same region.ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION OF WILD VIGNA SPECIES FOR SEEDLING WATER-LOGGING TOLERANCE AS REVEALED BY PHYSIO-CHEMICAL AND EXPRESSION PROFILING(Banda University of Agriculture & Technology, Banda-210001, Uttar Pradesh, India, 2022-08-24) Kumar I, Sandeep; Singh, C.M.Mungbean is the most important short duration grain legume. It is consumed as food and feed, fodder and manure crop. It has wider adaptability to array of environmental conditions, shorter life cycle and improves the soil health through symbiosis. These features indicated that there is an ample scope of vertical and horizontal expansion of mungbean worldwide. However, it is much weather sensitive crop in which water logging at early crop growth stage caused sever plant loss and stunted growth. The development of water logging tolerant mungbean varieties required the potential donors. The crop wild relatives (CWRs) and cross species Vigna possessed improved tolerance can be identified and introgressed in mungbean. The 32 Vigna accessions including cultivated and wild belong to nine different species were evaluated and six genotypes namely PRR 2008-2, PRR 2008-2-1, TCR-93, L-24, TCR-20 and W-17 were found as water logging tolerant. These tolerant genotypes had better survival, strong root system, proper shoot elongation and delayed chlorophyll degradation. The two genotypes PRR 2008-2-1 and PRR 2008-2 showed induction of adventitious roots from the hypocotyl region under water logging stres. The histochemical staining indicated the lower cell death in leaves of PRR 2008-2. The PRR 2008-2 showed formation of aerenchyma as adoptive mechanism as compare to IPM 2-3. The higher activity of ADH, proline and O2 were was recorded in PRR 2008-2 whereas it was lower in IPM 2-3. The expression of candidate genes and transcriptional factors provides a fundamental resources for understanding signaling behaviour, hormonal regulation and antioxidant homeostatsis involved in water logging tolerance.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY IN FIELD PEA (Pisum sativum var. arvense)(BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, BANDA, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA, 2022-08-08) YADAV, INDU; Sharma, VijayA diallel experiment excluding reciprocals entitled “Studies on heterosis and combining ability in field pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense)” was conducted during the rabi season of 2021-22 at the P.G. Research Farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh. The experimental material comprised of 8 diverse genotypes and their 28 hybrids and two checks IPFD 10-12 and Ambika. The analysis of variance reveals that the mean square due to parent v/s hybrid was significant only for plant height, 100- seed weight, biological yield per plant and seed yield per plant. The cross P-1541-16 × P1297-97 followed by P-1297-97 × P-92-97-11 and P-1541-16 × P-92-97-11 recorded the highest significant economic heterosis for seed yield per plant. In addition to seed yield per plant, combining ability analysis showed highly significant GCA and SCA effects for all the traits under study except days to maturity for GCA which showed importance of both additive and non-additive genetic component of variation. Parental lines viz., Aman, P1297-97 and P-541-16 were found to be good general combiner for seed yield per plant along with number of pods per plant and number of effective pods per plant. The most promising crosses with high specific combining ability for yield were EC-564817 × Vikas, EC-564817 × P-1426, P-1541-16 × P-92-97-11 and Aman × Vikas. These crosses could be used for development of high yielding variety through heterosis breeding programmes.ThesisItem Open Access ThesisTitle “Assessment of combined terminal heat and drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum spp.)”(BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, BANDA-210001, UTTAR PRADESH, (INDIA), 2022-08-19) Kuamr, Shubham; Kumar, HiteshWheat is a second staple food crop and which feeds billions of people around globally while its productivity hinders by high temperature and drought stress. The evaluation of genotypes under stress conditions for adaptive traits could increase selection efficiency for better performance. The present investigation was carried out with 34 wheat landraces and elite cultivars during 2020-21 & 2021-22 under optimum, heat, and a combined heat-drought stress environment at BUAT Banda & KVK Jhansi. Eleven agromorphological, five physiological, and six stress indices were used to evaluate genotypes to assess drought and heat tolerance. The pooled ANOVA indicates significant interactions in location, year, genotypes, and treatments suggesting the influence of trait development affected by stress conditions. The maximum reduction of the seed yield was observed under a combined heat-drought stress environment as compared to heat stress alone. The genotypes Local-17, and HI 8802 performed well under heat and heat-drought stress with higher yield at the Banda and HI 8627 and DBW 187 performed well under heat stress with higher yield while under heat-drought stress PDW 274 and HI 8777 were better performing genotypes at the Jhansi location The genotype PDW 274 showed stress tolerance under all treatment and both location .The genotype, PDW 233 & PDW 291 durum wheat showed the highest stress susceptibility index (SSI) across the environment at both locations. The NGS&TKW is directly positively associated with seed yield across the environment and location. Among physiological traits chlorophyll and CT are good sources of traits to select potential genotypes to cope up the adverse effect of climate change in wheat production. The combination of selection indices and consistent association with physiological traits showed the potential to increase the selection efficiency of superior genotypes.ThesisItem Open Access “Characterization of Lentil Genotypes for Yield Component and Terminal Heat Stress Tolerance Traits”(BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY,BANDA, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA, 2022-08-08) Kumar, DeepakLentil is a cool-season food legume with an excellent source of protein, prebiotic carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. The present investigation was carried out at P.G. Research farm of College of Agriculture, BUAT, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India in augmented block design during Rabi season 2021-22. The experimenting materials comprised of 123 genotypes of lentil containing exotic as well as indigenous germplasm lines of lentil including three check varieties viz. KM-1, KM-2 and PANT L-7. The data were recorded under two environments viz. timely sown (E1) and late sown (E2) for sixteen morpho-physiological characters for estimation of DUS characterization, analysis of variance, correlation coefficient, heat susceptibility index, yield stability index and principal component analysis. The considerable morphological diversity has been found especially in foliage intensity of green color, leaflet size, plant growth habit, seed size, and seed testa colour. Analysis of variance showed that wide range of variability under both environmental conditions. A wide range of estimates in the mean performance of genotypes was found for all characters under both the environmental conditions. LSS-18- 149, L-112-6 were identified as heat tolerant genotypes on the basis of HSI for economic yield/plant. An overall appraisal revealed that eight genotypes viz. KLS 1461, KLS1453, KL-09-01, KL 127, LOCAL, WBL-58, L-112-6 and EC-542186 exhibited highly heat tolerance on the basis of heat susceptibility index and yield stability index for economic yield/plant under both the conditions. Correlation coefficient of HSI and YSI among different traits exhibited significant and positive correlation of economic yield/plant with effective pods/plant, secondary branches/plant, total pods/plant and biological yield/plant. Principal component analysis exhibited highest cumulative variability of PC6 which contributed 65.7% in E1 and 67.4% E2 among all traits. Economic yield/plant was positively correlated with the no. of effective pods/plant, biological yield/plant, total chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression and no. of secondary branches/plant in both the condition of normal and heat stress.ThesisItem Open Access Heterosis and combining ability for yield and its contributing traits in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)(BANDA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, BANDA, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA, 2022-08-10) Prajapati, Pawan Kumar; Kumar, MukulA half diallel experiment involving six parents was carried out in randomized block design with three replications at PG research Farm, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India to assess the gene action, combining ability (GCA and SCA) and heterosis for seed yield and its eight contributing characters in linseed under agro climatic condition of Bundelkhand region. The genetic analysis was done following Griffing’s Method II with Model I (1956). The study revealed the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects for all the traits with preponderance of nonadditive gene effects for seed yield per plant, Days to 50% flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height, Number of branches per plant, Number of capsules per plant, Number of seeds per capsule and Biological yield per plant whereas 1000-seed weigh showed predominance of additive gene effect. On the basis of general combining ability (GCA), the parents, LMS 2015-27 and Shekhar could be exploited for developing prolific pure lines varieties in linseed. The parallelism between heterosis and SCA effects indicated that heterotic response alone may be good indicator for selection of superior cross combinations, On the basis of comparison of per se performance, SCA effects and heterotic response for seed yield and its number of important attributing traits, the crosses, Shekhar × GP-1050, LMS 2015-27 × GP-1028, Shekhar × GP-820, LMS 2015-27 × GP-820 and LMS 2015-27 × GP-1050 may be included in recombination breeding for developing high yielding genetic stock/varieties in linseed.
