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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF MORINGA DRY LEAVES IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Kumar, Sukesh; Chandra Lal, HemMoringa (Moringa oleifera) belonging to the family Moringaceae is native to the Indian subcontinent and has become naturalized in the tropical and subtropical areas around the world. The tree is known by regional names such as Benzolive, Drumstick, Horseradish, Kelor, Marango, Saijihan and Munga (Fahey, 2005). The plant is known worldwide for its nutritional and medicinal benefits as well as industrial uses. It is one of the most useful tropical trees. Almost every part of the moringa plant has nutritional value. Over the years, moringa products such as moringa dry leaf powder have seen a growth in the sales in the global market. The global moringa product market is estimated to value over US$ 6 Bn in 2019, and is projected to register a growth in CAGR of 12.9% yearly in terms of revenue over the forecast period. Though the existing marketing channel is fetching the farmers livelihood and source of employment, introduction of processing facilities like solar drying, room drying and proper information related to prices and demand of moringa leaves would help the farmer to process the leaves themselves, hence to have a deeper view at the existing problems and suggest adequate measures a study was conducted in Angara and Bedo blocks of Ranchi district under the National Rural Livelihood Mission project under Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society with the following objectives, (i)To find out the constraints in production and marketing of moringa dry leaves (ii) To assess the profit in production and marketing of moringa dry leaves and (iii)To study the socio economic condition of the moringa cultivators in the study area. The study revealed that the farmers were categorized into three divisions, namely progressive, medium and poor farmers. The progressive farmers had a profit of 19,672₹. The medium farmers had a profit of 12,070₹ and the poor farmers earned a profit of 10,519₹ from production and marketing of the moringa dry leaves. Only 10% farmers could maintain high quality while production of dry moringa leaves.Only 5% farmers, possessed proper knowledge about market value of dry moringa leaves. Most of the farmers (38%) faced the problem of poor storage facility of the dry moringa leaves. Most of the farmers engaged in moringa dry leaves production are either illiterate or educated till intermediate. Most of the farmers were marginal farmers constituting 2.5 acres of land. Most of the farmers were still unaware about soil health card (63%). Hence, market linkage and promotion of location specific demand with high efficiency needs to be addressed. With suitable modifications, this intervention could be out scaled for larger benefit of the society.ThesisItem Open Access CULTIVATION AND MARKETING OF LAC IN NAMKUM AND ANGARA BLOCKS OF RANCHI DISTRICT IN JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Kumari Dangi, Rani; Ali, NaiyarThe study entitled cultivation and marketing of lac in Namkum and Angara blocks of Ranchi districts in Jharkhand was carried out at the center for agribusiness management, Birsa agricultural university Kanke Ranchi during the year 2019. The present study was conducted under 40 lac producers from 2 villages Narayan soso and Garsul from Angara and Namkum blocks respectively. Most of the farmers (60%) were belongs to age group of 30-40 years, about (60%) farmers were litirate and 35% were illiterate, mostly females (80%) were involved in lac cultivation. The living standard of the lac growers improved in terms of education, transportation facilities and communication media after introduction of lac cultivation. Mostly kusum and ber used as lac host plant and mostly kusumi verity (82.5%) was used by lac growers. The annual income of the lac grower (30%) was increased after adoption of lac practices. While the constraints of lac farming were an uncertain weather condition, pest attack and lac of organized market. To increase the income and to solve the problems of lac farmers the government should provide training, loan facility, organized market, storage facilities, and transportation facilities, so that farmers should not forced to sale their product at low price due to lack of these facilitiesThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF GOATS IN RANCHI DISTRICT OF JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Mishra, Neha; Jha, B.K.Goat with its genetic potentialities has been found adaptable to various situations including adverse ones. Jharkhand holds 9th position in number of goat population in the country and Black Bengal breed of goat has been acclaimed worldwide for its best meat quality. Goatery could be one of the important rural enterprises to bring rural prosperity. Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society (JSLPS) has initiated the project on development of goatery in Jharkhand through establishment of Goat Resource Centre (GRC). In this background a study was planned and conducted on the topic “Studies on production and marketing of goats in Ranchi district of Jharkhand” with the specific objectives viz. to study the marketing structure, procurement of inputs and sale of goats in Ranchi district of Jharkhand; to analyse economics of goat production; to identify constraints in goatery and to find out the socio-economic impact of goatery on growers. Two blocks of Ranchi district viz. Angara and Silli were selected and 25 farmers from each block were selected making the sample size of 50 respondents. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents were female, of middle age, marginal and adopted goatery plus horticulture as an occupation. Mobile was found to be used most often by majority of the respondents followed by television. All the respondents had attended training on goatery of which 44% attended training of above 7 days duration. The farmers procured goat for breeding and rearing purpose of the age of 1 to 2 years and weight of 4 to 6 kg in case of doe and 6 to 10 kg in case of buck. The farmers sold the goat of 2 to 3 years age and weight of 10 to 15 kg.The study indicated price variation during the year and it was found highest during September to December months. The economics of goat production of average herd size of 18 goats revealed that the fixed cost was Rs. 19000/- which included cost of goat and shed. The BCR was found 1.73 and NPV was reported to be Rs.61,459/-.Lack of scientific knowledge, low price and high rate of interest were found important constraints. Socio-economic impact of goatery has been found very encouraging. To conclude, it could be said that goatery is an important subsidiary enterprise of marginal and small farmers and it has potential to be taken up as sole enterprise by the educated rural youth in production, processing and export.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON BACKWARD AND FORWARD LINKAGES OF BAMBOO HANDICRAFTS IN ORMANJHI AND KANKE BLOCKS OF RANCHI DISTRICT(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Roy, Sushmita; Barla, SheelaBamboo handicraft business is one of the traditional practices carried out in the state of Jharkhand providing tribal population a source of livelihood and income. Government of Jharkhand is creating an institutional planning to fight against poverty through Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society (JSLPS), enabling and empowering the poor to have access to better livelihood and help them to improve their standards of living. The project of bamboo handicraft production and marketing is undertaken by Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society aims to help the rural population by providing training to bamboo handicraft artisans. The business is promoted by carrying out the linkages activities which include to provide training, equipments and funds for production of the bamboo handicrafts along with providing suitable information related to the quality of bamboo and adequate market information and market for sale of their produce. In this background a study on “Backward and Forward Linkages of Bamboo Handicrafts in Ormanjhi and Kanke Blocks of Ranchi district” was conducted. The study was carried out in two villages namely Dahu and Sugnu of Ormanjhi and Kanke blocks respectively as training have been provided by Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society (JSLPS) to bamboo handicraft artisans under National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) project. A total of 50 artisans were selected from both the blocks. Primary data were collected by the survey method using well structured, elaborate and pre-tested schedule. The primary data related to problem associated with bamboo handicraft business, linkage activities of bamboo handicraft and socio-economic status were collected. Secondary data related to coverage blocks and villages of bamboo handicraft business were collected from Jharkhand State Livelihood Promotion Society (JSLPS). The findings indicated that though the artisans had benefited by the training and other facilities still the domestic bamboo industry is lagging behind due to a wide variety of issues in its value chain. forward and backward linkage and promotion of location specific demand with high efficiency needs to be addressed. With suitable modifications, this intervention could be out scaled for larger benefit of the society.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF SUDHA MILK IN RANCHI CITY(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Kumar, Shubham; Job, MintuThe present study entitled “Study on Supply Chain Management of Sudha Milk in Ranchi City” was carried out at Ranchi district of Jharkhand during 2018-2019. Ten farmers were selected from each of the six Sudha dairy Samiti of Neori, Chuttu, Khatanga, Gurttassir, Hocher and Purnadih of Ranchi city. Altogether 60 farmers, 10 retailers and 200 consumers from Ranchi district selected through multistage randomized selection were surveyed on the acceptance of Sudha pasteurized milk, existing supply chain of Sudha milk, and SWOT analysis of Sudha Dairy. The data were collected by personal interviews of the respondents through a structured interview schedule. Demographic details of the Sudha dairy Samiti comprising details of the farmers’ family size, age, occupation, preference of milk variants among the consumer, choice of milk, quality of Sudha brand, supply of milk, number of customer visiting Sudha outlet and SWOT analysis of Sudha dairy were obtained and analyzed. The study indicated that 62.5% of the customers surveyed preferred packaged milk over loose and booth milk, 62.0% of the customers rated Sudha brand as excellent, 47.5% of the customers preferred Sudha brand over loose milk or other brand on the basis of quality and 33% on the basis of taste. Out of different Sudha milk variants, 37.5% of the customers preferred Sudha Cow Milk followed by Sudha Healthy (30%). Among milk producing farmers, 40% sold their milk to Co-operatives. According to SWOT analysis of Sudha dairy, being financially stable due to involvement of Government, its brand value, effective marketing chain, good market penetration and quality laboratory are its biggest strength, however, other brands like Amul, Medha, Osam etc are posing competition to Sudha dairy by increasing milk procurement and higher commissions to retailers.ThesisItem Open Access STATUS OF FARMER PRODUCER ORGANIZATION (FPO) IN JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) KUMAR, SIDDHARTH; Rai, PramodAgriculture is the backbone of Indian economy and it provides the livelihood to the majority of population but there are many challenges Indian farmers are facing. The major challenge in agriculture are irrigation water, fragmented land holding, high input cost and marketing of farm produce etc. There is a need of collectivization to solve some challenges of agriculture. It can be done through cooperatives society,Self help group, Farmer interest group, Farmer producer organization. In this study, the status of FPO in Jharkhand is compared with other states and suggestion is given to improve the operation in Jharkhand. The Primary Data were collected through interaction of members and farmers of FPOs and secondary data were collected through published information, journals, newspaper article and internet source (NABARD & SFAC).By analyzing the data it has been found that Jharkhand has 65 FPOs out of total 2921 FPOs across the India&Ranchi district was leading in the number of FPOs. 15 FPOs were working in Ranchi district. The five FPOs were selected for collecting the data in Ranchi and it was found that the average number of members of member varies from 445-2000 and their average annual turnover ranges 7-45 lakh. The purchase of input materials should be done directly from distributers/Companies as per requirement to reduce the input cost and the FPOs should tie up with agricultural universities/ICAR institute/private companies etc. for best technical knowledge so that the farm activities can be done properly.The FPOs should train their members with high skill needed for their farm activities. FPOs should track the activities of various committee time to time andFPOs should coordinate with banks for availing finance and Share the financial status of the companies during the board meeting.Farm enterprise selected under FPO should be based on market assessment as per market need, so that farm produce can sell easily in the market and better price can be realized. The proper use of marketing tools developed by government departments such as e-NAM (www.enam.gov.in) and other such information available with other government/ private agencies for better price realization of farm produce.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON THE MARKET POTENTIAL OF MAHINDRA SEEDS(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) Shrawni, Akhauri; Singh, C. S.This study was conducted in Ranchi to know the socio cultural conditions of farmers, the market potential of hybrid seeds of paddy and tomato and market share of Mahindra in the selected areas of study in Ranchi, i.e. Nagri, Kanke, Burmu, Ratu, and Ormanjhi. 50 farmers and 10 retailers were selected from the aforementioned blocks, for the study. Based on the survey results, it was found that 72% of the farmers were literate, 73% had Kaccha and Mixed houses, 60% had their own wells, 56% had their own toilets, 80% used wood and gas as cooking fuel, 92% of the respondents owned a cellphone, 78% of the farmers were having land holding of 1-2 hectares and 2-4 hectares. It was seen that there was a sharp increase in the area of cultivation of hybrid paddy seeds and the total production of hybrid tomato in the last 3 years. Pioneer was found to be the market leader in hybrid paddy market and Seminis was found to be the market leader in hybrid tomato market. It was concluded that there is a great potential for hybrid paddy and tomato seeds in Ranchi, but special attention needs to be given on the promotion and marketing of hybrid seeds, in order to create awareness among the farmer.ThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF LIVELIHOOD AND ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (LEDP) ON SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD IN JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) KUMARI, GAYATRI; Jha, B. K.National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) started Livelihood and Enterprise Development Programme (LEDP) in the year 2016 based on the experiences gained in Micro Enterprise Development Programme (MEDP). It has undertaken 39 LEDP projects under 17 districts of Jharkhand state with the overall aim of promoting livelihood opportunities and entrepreneurship development through SHGs, thereby increasing income and employment. In this background a study on “Impact of Livelihood and Enterprise Development Programme (LEDP) on Sustainable Livelihood in Jharkhand” was conducted with the objectives viz. to analyze the implementation cost of the project on different components by different PIAs, to study the entrepreneurial traits of the SHG members, to study the productivity and profitability of the enterprises, to assess the credit requirement and availability of credit from different sources and to analyze constraints effecting production, credit and marketing. Ten districts were purposively selected for the study. Altogether, 185 respondents comprising 170 SHG women members and 15 PIA officials were selected. Data were collected on the parameters like age, education, family type, family size, housing pattern, size of holding, occupation, annual income, technology adoption, productivity, profitability, credit requirement, credit arrangement, credit gap, and constraints related to production, marketing and credit through semi-structured schedule by personal interview from SHG members. Data related to project implementation were collected from PIA officials through questionnaire. The findings indicated that there has been a change in pattern of occupation in favour of animal husbandry and business which increased the annual income of the SHG members after training. The variation in project funding is found perceptible from PIA to PIA and from enterprise to enterprise which was considered demotivating by PIAs. Self belief and tolerance to uncertainty were found to be most consistent entrepreneurial traits which need to be promoted for entrepreneurship development in Jharkhand. There has been increase in area, production and productivity under farm sector after LEDP interventions. Similar trend was also observed in non-farm sector. The analyses of BCR and NPV indicated that cultivation of ginger is the most profitable enterprise. After intervention under LEDPs, the credit requirement and credit availability have increased whereas credit gap has decreased. Attack of diseases and pests and poor access to raw materials emerged as the most important production constraints in farm and non-farm sectors, respectively. Lack of remunerative price and high rate of interest in informal credit sector were found most important marketing and credit constraints, respectively. By and large interventions under LEDP have created impact. However, certain issues like linking SHG members with banking system, rationalization of project funding, forward and backward linkage and promotion of location specific enterprise with high BCR need to be addressed. With suitable modifications, this intervention could be out scaled for larger benefit of the society.ThesisItem Open Access BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT PLAN ON DAIRY FARMING FOR NAMKUM LAMPS RANCHI(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) BHAGAT, GAYATRI; BARA, NIVAThis study entitled ―Business Development Plan on Dairy Farming for Namkum LAMPS Ranchi‖ was conducted in the Khijiri and Tumbaguttu villages of Namkum Block of Ranchi District, Jharkhand. A total of 60 respondents were selected, in 7:3 proportionate from Khijiri and Tumbaguttu village respectively since total member are 473 out of which about 70% of members were from Khijiri and only 30% members were from Tumbaguttu. A schedule was developed, pretested; respondents were personally interviewed and responses were analyzed and presented through tables and pie chart. It was revealed that 72% of total respondents was male and 28% of the respondents were female, 70% ere between the age group 26-50years, 80% were of Scheduled Tribe and only 3% of the respondents were of general category, 52% respondents were with education up to high school, 97% had nuclear type of family, 46% had family size of 5-7 members, 64% of the respondents were having pakka house, 48% respondents had land holding of 1 to 2 hectare. 48% respondents were of medium income group compromising of average annual income up to 1 lakh. A Business Development Plan on Dairy Farming was designed with the help of experts from farmer’s perspective and emphasis was given for optimum utilization of available resources. It has been indicated that total cost is decreasing each year. On eightth year total cost increase due to additional feeding cost of calves kept for replacement of cow in coming years. The benefits from the Dairy Farm Business keep on increasing every year. The net profit is negative in first year which is due to heavy investment as compared to benefits. The net profit keeps on increasing from second year. There is slight decrease in net income in eightth year which may due to high cost as compared to benefits. The Net Present Worth of the Dairy Farm Business is positive which makes it feasible for the society. The Benefit Cost Ratio is 1.52 (>1) which indicates that the Dairy Farm Business is viable for Namkum LAMPS. The study also suggests that need based technical knowhow and training on Business and marketing to member farmers for successful implementation of dairy business.
