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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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1988 - 198926
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End date: 1989 × Start date: 1988 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Cumulative Effect of Long-Term Manuring and Fertilization On yield And Some of The Properties of An Acid Paleustalf Soil Under Irrigated Condition In Multiple Cropping System
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Shailendra Kumar Singh; B.S.Mathur
    The present project was undertaken to assess the changes brought out by the cumulative effect of manure, lime, sulphur and fertilizers, after 15 years of continuous application, on status of major nutrients, different forms of aluminium, phosphate fixing capacity etc. in surface and subsurface layers. The important findings are summarised below : 1.The fine particles in the surface and subsurface soil increased without affecting the textural class clay loam. 2. Fertilized soils were more reddish than the control and the colour did not change due to continuous cropping. 3. Acidity increased in surface and subsurface soil in fertilized plots and it was more in ammonium sulphate than the urea treated soil on equal nitro gen basis. Acidity increased with time. Treatment N was more acidic than NP and NPK. 4. With the increase in soil acidity all forms of Al also increased from the initial value in both the layers. 5. P-fixing capacity of soils increased with increase in soil acidity. 6. Organic carbon level of surface soil increased by 15.5 per cent over the initial value after 6 years of continuous application of FYM but decreased after 10 years. Use of chemical fertilizer lowered its level ranging between 4.9 and 29.6 per cent Organic carbon content in the surface was not affected. soil 7. Available N, P and K increased in surface and subsurface soils with passing of time. 8. Normal dose of NPK was better than subnormal or super-normal doses. Urea proved better than ammonium sulphate in increasing the yield of crops. 9. NPK was better than N, NP or PK in increasing the yield of crops.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact Of Dairy Financing On Economy Of Landless And Marginal Farmer HouseHolds
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Prasad Gopal; R. P. Singh
    Dairy occupies an important position in the national economy of most of the developing countries including India. in India and many other developing countries mixed farming involving crop-livestock integration has been a way of life since the beginning of agriculture. It is widely realized that this is only method of providing additional remuneration and employment to the small farmers and landless labour families. National sample survey organization in India observed that roughly half of the households reported possibilities of supplementing income through livestock activities. The present investigation was, therefore, undertaken with the object of examining the impact of dairy loans provided by Punjab National Bank on the economy of landless and marginal farmer’s households. An attempt was also made to estimate the productivity of various inputs used in milk production. Mare specifically the objectives of the study were: 1. To estimate returns from milk production on different categories of households. 2. To evaluate the economic impact of dairy financing on beneficiary households. 3. To estimate resource use productivity in milk production.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A Comparative Study Of Factor Roductivity On Tribal And Non- Tribal Farms In Ranchi District
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Kumar Dilip; B. K. Singh
    The following conclusion and policy implications can be drawn based upon the empirical findings of the present analysis. Tribal farmers are found not using modern inputs like hybrid seed, fertilizers and insecticides and pesticides on their farms. Also the non –tribal farmers are not found using these inputs to the describe levels on their farms. This is due to the fact that both categories of farmers in the study area face severe recourse limitations and generally lack proper Knowledge of modern cultivation practices. In addition, the tribal farmers are not motivated to the adoption of new agriculture practices. They still follow the traditional and conventional method of Cultivation. So, for increasing the farm production it is necessary that the resource constraints of these farmers be resolved by providing subsidies and other economical support to not only tribal but to non-tribal farmers as well . It should further be noted that only increasing resource to farmers may not solve the purpose as they lack the knowledge of new agricultural practices. so both categories of farmers in particular, should be provided the proper technical know-how regarding modern cultivation practices, further, tribal farmers are found very rigid to their traditional method of cultivation and should be motivated to adopt the new package of practices. The Marginal productivities of almost all farm resources are found generally higher on tribal farms than those on non-tribal farms. It implies that tribal farmers use relatively lower levels of farm inputs and should be encouraged to use more and more inputs on their farms. Both the tribal and non – tribal farmers in the area are found to be inefficient allocator of their resources in the profit maximization sense which requires the equality of marginal value productivities of these resources and there corresponding unit costs. The allocative inefficiency is, however, relatively greater on tribal farms than on non –tribal farms in the cultivation of all the crops studied and also in total farm business operations. The existing levels of uses of almost all the farm inputs are found very low when compared with their optimum levels of uses. This is true for both the groups of farmers studied. An exception was, however, observed in human labour utilization in which case tribal farmers were found using this input in excess of what was economically desired. Therefore, it is suggested that the extra resources engaged in this input should be reallocated to other yield increasing farm inputs whose utilization were very low on these tribal farms Now, it can be concluded that the increasing output of crops as well as increased total farm production could be made possible to the tribal as well as non –tribal farms of the area by not only creating additional resources but also by merely readjustment of available farm recourses with farmers when viewed from profit maximizing sense.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies On The Indiges Of P Availability , Its Fixation And Release Pattern In Soils Of Jumar River Subcatchment Area
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Kumar, Arvind; K.P.Singh
    A bench mark study with respect to P status, relationship between different indices of P and soil properties, P-fixation and release pattern was carried out in soils of Umendanda series under Jumar river sub catchment area of Ranchi. The results indicated that a major proportion of these soils fall under medium and high P status soils. The different forms of P viz., Bray P₁. Olsen P and Morgan P varied widely and their mean values obtained were 55.91, 50.21 and 11.21 kg P₂05 hal respectively. The total P content also showed wide variation ranging from 1284.96 to 3952.35 kg P2°5 ha-1 with a mean value of 2241.78 kg P₂0 ha-1. The soils of this series were poor in organic carbon but rich in sesquioxide. The pH of these soil ranged from 5.0 to 6.0 with the dominance of sandy loam texture. Correlation studies between different indices of phosphorus and soil properties showed that sand fraction correlated negatively and significantly with available P but did not show any correlation with total P and sesquioxide. Kinetics of P desorption indicated that application of high amount of P in high P status soil desorbed more P in comparison to low P status soil, where lower dose of P was applied. However, desorption in initial extraction showed same value under both conditions. Incubation studies in low,medium and high P status soil indicated direct and interaction effect of period of incubation, level of P and time of shaking in desorbing phosphorus from soil,
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Crop Regulation In Guava
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Dwivedi, Ajay Kumar; Moti Ram
    In a nut shell, we have arrived on the conclusion from the present experimentation that heading back and full shoot pruning can be adopted for the complete checking of flowering and fruiting in guava during rainy season. On the contrary, spraying in NAA, NAD and ether at their certain concentrations could be advocated for harvesting the quality rainy season guava fruits which may fetch high price in the market for the enlistment of the torn economy of the farmers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Correlation And Path Analysis Studies In Linseed
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Singh, Ram Prawesh; P.K. Sinha
    The present investigation was carried out to study the extent of variability, heritability and expected genetic advance of nine varieties and 16 F1s of various crosses of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) for ten quantitative characters viz., plant height, numbers of primary branches, secondary branches, days to 50 per cent flowering, number of capsule per plant, capsule diameter, number of seeds per capsule, days to maturity, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. The phenotypic and genotypic correlations of aforesaid characters with grain yield and among themselves were ascertained, Path co-efficient analysis was carried out for determination of the direction and magnitude of the specific sources acting to produce the given correlation response. A wide range of variability was observed in almost all characters mainly in numbers of capsules per plant, secondary branches, seed yield per plant, primary branches, 100-seed weight and plant height. The analysis of variance of the above mentioned ten characters showed that the genotypes differed significantly among themselves for all the ten characters. Phenotypic variability was observed to be higher than the genotypic variability owing to error variance, mainly in plant height and number of capsules per plant. Genotypic co-efficient of variation was appreciable in numbers of secondary branches, capsules per plant, primary branches and seed yield, whereas numbers of capsules per plant, secondary branches and plant height had high heritability along with high genetic advance. Selection based on these characters was suggested for the improvement in linseed. Correlation studies were made at phenotypic, genotypic and environmental levels. The studies indicated that estimates of genotypic correlation co-efficient were higher than those obtained at phenotypic level for almost all characters. Numbers of capsules per plant, secondary branches and primary branches where highly and significantly associated with yield. Days to maturity and number of seeds per capsule were also positively and significantly associated with yield, while plant height was positively but non-significantly associated with yield. Capsule diameter and 100-seed weight were negatively associated with yield. The phenotypic and genotypic correlation co-efficient were partitioned into direct and indirect effects by path analysis. Path analysis of genotypic correlation coefficient was always higher than the phenotypic path analysis, except that the direct effect of number of secondary branches and days to maturity were reduced at genotypic level as compared to its phenotypic direct effect. The higher direct. Effect at genotypic level indicated that these characters had inherent association with yield. Correlation studies and path analysis indicated that selection based on numbers of capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, flowering, plant height, capsule diameter would be effective in improving the seed yield in linseed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of Different Early Maturing Cultures of Potato in Ranchi Plateau of Bihar
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Das, Dev Kumar; S.S.P. Verma
    To evaluate the early maturing cultures of Potato, a field trials was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications and ten treatments at the Ranchi Agricultural College Farm in the Rabi season of 1987-88. Out of cultures/varieties tested, the cultures MS/78-62 and QB/A-9-120 were found to posses maximum yielding capacity. In disease rating, the percentage of Early-blight incidence was least in MS/78-62 (6.25) and was followed by QB/A-9-120 (8.75). No diseases were observed on harvested tubers except Black-seurf which ranged from 1 per cent (PH/F-1545) to 5 per cent (JN-1752).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    An Evaluation Of The Impact Of Regional Rural Bank On Development Of Farm Economy In Ranchi District
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Kumar Dinesh; R. P. Singh
    The different aspects of the farm economy on beneficiary and non-beneficiary farms were examined in the preceding chapters and they provided with the requisite answers to the already questioned in the beginning. The main conclusion from this study can be drawn as follows:- a) The area under irrigation is more on beneficiary farms in comparison to non –beneficiary farms. It was mainly due to the loan advanced for the purchase of pump set for irrigation purposes. b) On overall farm situation, Tanr(upland) covers more area of land followed by Don (low land) and chawrn (medium land) on beneficiary farms where as on non–beneficiary farms, Don covers more area followed by Tanr and Chawra. c) The Investment on fixed assets used on farms seen appreciably higher on beneficiary farms which indicates that an advanced by Regional Rural Bank helps in increasing the total investment on fixed assets. d) Paddy seems to be the most important crop of the area of the area for both the beneficiary and non beneficiary groups. e) Area under almost all crops was seen to have increased on beneficiary farms as compared to non –beneficiary farms. f) Due to higher proportion of area under irrigation and availability of diesel pump sets made a available through loans for such purposes, there is higher proportionate increases in area on beneficiary farms in case of vegetable crops followed by potato and wheat. g) The intensity of cropping is found to be more significantly on beneficiary farms as compared to non beneficially farms due to increases irrigation facility by advancement of loan. h) Both the human and bullock labour utilization are significantly higher on beneficiary group as compared to non beneficiary group of small farms as well ass overall farms situation. This results due to higher intensity of cropping and introduction of labour insensitive crops like potato, wheat and vegetable in the cropping pattern on these farms. The non significant figure observed for marginal farms indicates a neutral impact of RRB loans on human and bullock labour utilization on these farms. i) The most important conclusion coming out from this study is that the impact of RRB loan significantly increased the various measures of income viz., gross income, net income family labour income and farm business income on small farms as well as overall farms. The increment however, not significant on marginal farms which indicate a neutral impact of RRB loans on income to these farms. This shows that the small farms better managed than the marginal farms. j) As a result of increase net income, the return per labour day is distinctly higher on beneficiary farms as compared to non- beneficiary farms. k) On the basis of number of beneficiary and amount of the advancement the institution seems to be inclined more towards the marginable farmers as compared to small farmers. l) The repayment performance of the sample beneficiaries as well as total beneficiaries of the branch was seen to be extremely poor irrespective of the size of the farmers but small farmers performed marginally better than the marginal farmers. m) Misguidance by the concerned officials was reported by sample farmers to be the main reason for non–repayment of loan. Other next most important reason was reported low crop yield, followed by domestic expenditure, deliberate defaults, low non-farm income and lack of desire for getting future loans for non –repayment of loans. Lack of persuasion by the bank officials, poor maintenance of farm assets and inadequate marketing facilities were also held responsible by farmers for non-repayment of loan.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Cumulative Effect Of Long- Term Manuring And Fertilisation On Yield And Some Of The Properties Of An Acid Paleustale Soil Under Irrigated Condition In Multiple Cropping System
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Singh Kumar Shailendra; B. S. Mathur
    The present project was undertaken to assess the changes brought out by the cumulative effect of manure. lime, sulphur and fertilizers, after 15 years of continuous application, on status of major nutrients, different forms of aluminium, phosphate fixing capacity etc. in surface and surface layers. The important findings are summarized below s