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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium and PGR on Growth Yield Quality and Processing of Cape -Gooseberry (Physalis Peruviana Linn)(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1988) Keshow Kumar Jha; B.P. JainStudies on the effect of four levels of nitrogen (60Kg, 80Kg, 100Kg and 120Kg/ha), three levels of phosphorus (50kg, 75kg, and 100 Kg/ha) and two levels of potassium (50 kg and 100Kg/ ha) and two levels of GA3 (20 and 40ppm) and ethrel (200and 300ppm) were made on growth, yield , quality and storage capability of cape gooseberry during 1991-1992 and 1992-1993 in the department of horticulture, Birsa Agriculture university kanke Ranchi. Higher dose of nitrogen (120Kg/ha) phosphorus (100 Kg/ ha) and potassium (100Kg/ ha) had shown promising effect on growth, yield and quality of cape- gooseberry. Jam can be stored upto 365 days at room temperature with very good taste in N3P3K2 treatment. In second experiment crop was grown with the recommended dose of N,P, K i.e 80:80:80 (singh et. al , 1977). Higher dose of GA3 (40ppm) gave 54.25q/ha and ehtrel (300 ppm ) gace 51.05q/ha whereas control gave only 48.50 q/ha. A yield of 74.18 q/ha was attained with the application of NPK @ 120, 100, and 100Kg/ ha in control with maximum cost : benefit ratio of 1:2.13.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Maize Germplasm Complexes By Line X Tester Analysis(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1986) Dilip Kumar Ganguli; D.P.SrivastavaPresent investigation was taken up to evaluate some newly developed germplasm complexes of maize for their future utilization in crop improvement programme. Eleven diverse germ plasm complexes used as females were crossed with three open pollinated heterozygous testers, of different genetic base, as males. Thirtythree cross combinations along with fourteen parents and one check variety were evaluated for two years for variability, heterosis and combining ability. The line x tester analysis for combining ability was done with crosses alone. Pooled analysis of variance components, combining ability variances and combining ability effects were done for twelve quantitative characters. Simple correlation and rank correlation was done to ascertain the association of parental performance and general combining ability effects and also for determining tester efficiency. The parents and crosses were found to differ significantly for almost all the characters in both the years. The mean values of the crosses were more than the parental mean of various characters. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher for grain yield, ear height, number of kernels/ear and 100-grain weight. Large number of crosses were found to give significant heterosis over mid-parent, better parent and over the check variety in majority of the characters. The manifesta tion of heterosis was strongest for some characters in the less favourable environment while for other characters a better envi ronment gave better heterotic effect.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Some Aspects of Reproduction in Different Breeds of Pigs and Relationship between Reproductive performance and Blood Biochemical Profile(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1987) Birendra Kumar Singh; Dr. B. K. SinghThe present investigation was conducted to compare the reproductive performance of three breeds of pigs viz. Large white Yorkshire, Landrance and Hampshire during three seasons. The relationship between reproductive efficiency and blood biochemical profile during different stages of reproduction was also studied. Furthermore, the changes in vaginal epithelium during different stages of oestrous cycle and pregnancy were observed using biopsy technique. 1. The average age at puberty in large white Yorkshire landrace and Hampshire was noted as 320.54, 1.95, 314.68, 1.62 and 316.52, 1.56 days. The influence of breed on attainment of puberty was significant (P-0.05). The influence of season on puberty attainment was also significant(p0.01) and gilts born during rainy season attained puberty earlier as compared to gilts born during winter and summer season. 2. The mean duration of oestrous cycle and average duration of oestrus did not differ significantly between breeds during different seasons. A significantly (p-0.01) higher occurrence of oestrus was recorded during winter (42.06 +0.47%) than summer (24.16=0.51) and rainy season (33.10 +0.49). 3. The mean duration of 1st, 2nd and 3rd stage of farrowing was 2.49 -.18, 2.27+.162 and 2.31 + 0.19 hours respectively. The total duration of farrowing was 5.46 +.628, 8.95 +.74 and 6.87 +.60 hours in large white Yorkshire, landrace and Hampshire respectively and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.01). The overall placental weight was 1.25 +0.54 Kg.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Cobalt in Alluvial and Sedentary Soils of Bihar(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1985) Hare Krishna Roy; Dr. L. L. SrivastvaThe cobalt studies were undertaken in 28 surface soil samples (0-20 cm) belonging to thirteen broad Soil Association Groups scattered in different physiographic regions of the State of Bihar, namely young and recent alluvial (calcareous and non-calcareous) areas of north Bihar; old alluvium of south Bihar and sedentary soils of Chotanagpur and Santhal Parganas plateau regions and also varying in mineralogical, physical & chemical properties. The total content of cobalt in these soils varied from 6.6 to 46.0 ppm with a mean value of 21.7 ppm. Sedentary and alluvial soils of south Bihar are comparatively richer in total Co content as compared to alluvial soils of north Bihar. Almost similar trend was found in respect of total content of Zn, Cu, Fe & n in these soils also. Besides, total Co was found to be significantly and positively correlated with so11 pli (r= 0.445), organic carbon (r=0.544), available (r= 0.496), DTPA-n (r= 0.454), finer fractions i.e. silt+clay % (r= 0.603) and total iron (r = 0.728) indicating pronounced influence of edaphic factors on total Co status of these soils. Available Co (DTPA-Co) also showed variation from 0.06 to 1.0 ppm with an average value of 0.30 ppm in these soils. Like total Co, available Co also appeared to be higher in sedentary soils and lower in north Bihar alluvial soils. South Bihar soils occupied the intermediate position. Besides, other micronutrients also followed the same trend. Available Co exhibited a highly significant negative correlation (r= -0.609) with soil pH. However it did not bear any relationship with other soil properties. Cobalt adsorption increased with increasing con centration of added Co but the adsorption isotherms varied in their shapes. The magnitude of Co adsorption was found to be higher in calcareous soil of Pachrukhi containing fairly high amount of clay, manganese and organic carbon and it was the lowest in Pokharvinde non-calcareous soil. Langmuir constant such as adsorption maxima vas found to be significantly and positively correlated with clay (r = 0.913) and DTPA extractable Mn (r= 0.820). pH had also showed a significant positive relationship with bonding energy constant (r=0.790) but not with adsorption maxima. Buffering capacity in these soils varied from 12.0 to 94.6. It was found to be the highest in Pachrukhi soil and the lowest in Pokharvinde soil. It maintained the same trend as the k and n values of the Freundlich constants. Supply parameter of Co in these soils ranged from 0.69 (Rahua) to 5.28 (Sabour). It was higher in neutral soils and comparatively lower in acidic soils. The extractability of different reagents with regard to Co extraction from soils followed the descending order as follows: N/10 HC17 EDTA7 Acetic acid EDTA + NH₂OAC 7 DTPA 7 EDTA + (NH)2CO3 The results also show that EDTA, EDTA+ (NH4)2CO3 and DTPA had shown a significant but negative correlation with soil pH showing the pronounced adverse effect of pH on the extractability of Co in soils. Sand culture experiment to study the influence of various levels of Co application on growth, nitrogen content, and Co uptake by moong crops indicated that increasing levels of Co had significant effects on dry matter yield, height of plants, nitrogen content and Co uptake by moong crop only upto 6.0 ppm. Drastic reduction in all the above parameters was noticed at 10.0 ppm of Co level showing the detrimental effect of this dose on the growth of the crop. Recovery of added Co decreased from 235 to 55.2% with increasing dose of Co from 1.0 to 10.0 ppm. Micronutrient studies conducted in soils supporting forage crops exhibited more depletion of available Co from soils leguminous crops (berseen and lucerne) as compared to other forage crops indicating higher requirement and differential behavior of the former than the latter in respect of Co utilization. Removal pattern of Co by forage crops also showed that the highest Co removal (39.2 g/ha) was found by berseen crop and the lowest (2.2 g/ha) by barley. Pot experiment to study the influence of line, organic manure and phosphorus on the uptake of Co by crops grown in acid soils indicated significant increase in Co uptake by moong crop due to application of lime, phosphorus and organic manure. However, on maize crop phosphorus application did not show any significant effect on the uptake of Co. Interaction effects of Soil x Lime (S x L), Phosphorus x Line (P x L) and Soil x Organic manure x Lime (S xH x L) came out to be significant.ThesisItem Open Access Comparative Histological Histochemical Studies on Certain Sex-Related Endocrines of Normal and Vasectomized Male Goats(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1987) Malay Kumar Roy; Dr. R.D. SinhaComparative histology and histochemistry of pitui tary gland, pineal body, adrenal gland, thyroid gland and Leydig cells of testes were studied in the normal and vasectomized male goats. The normal goats were grouped under prepubertal (3-4 months), circumpubertal (6-7 months) and postpubertal (10-18 months) animals. The prepubertal vasec tomy was done at 3 months of age while postpubertal vasectomy was conducted at the age of 9 months. From vasectomized goats, the tissues were collected after 1, 3 and 9 months of operations.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on genetic and phenotypic parameters of some economic traits in different grades ofcross-bred (Friesian X Zebu) Cattle(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1984) Siya Ram Singh; H. R. MishraConclusions # On the basis of the findings of this investigation, the following conclusions were drawn – (1) Among Friesian X Sahiwal cross-bred grades, half-breds were superior in respect to body-weights at different ages. (11) Body-weight at 6 months of age can be used as a selection criterion, with considerable accuracy, for higher body-weights at different ages, higher first lactation yield, cumulative milk yields in first three and four lactations and better milk producing efficiency in Friesian X Sahival cross-breds. (111) Half-breds were also superior among all Friesian cross-bred grades, so far as lactation yield; peak yields cumulative milk yields in first four and five lactations; average milk yields per day of lactation length and calving-interval; service period and inter-calving period were concerned. However, cous having 62.5% Friesian inheritance had shortest average age at first calving as well as ary period and highest MPEK and MPEKD values among all Friesian X Sahiwal cross-bred grades under reference. (iv) The results of Multivariate analysis indicated that it cannot be assumed that grading up of Sahival cattle to the total replacement of their genes by those of Friesian origin, will lead to higher level of production.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Cultural And Nitrogen Management in Wheat in Rice-Wheat Sequence(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1986) U. N. Verma; U. K. VermaStudies on cultural and nitrogen management in wheat in rice-wheat sequence were made in two sets of experiments conducted at Birsa Agricultural University Farm, Kanke, Ranchi. The first set of experiments was conducted in split plot design replicated three times during rabi seasons of 1982-83 and 1983 84. Treatment combinations consisted of two conditions of tillage (zero and optimum tillage) and four levels of nitrogen (25, 50, 75 and 100 kg ha) in main plot and four times of nitrogen application (all basal, 1/2 basal + 1/2 at CRI, 1/2 basal + 1/2 at boot and 1/3 basal + 1/3 at CRI + 1/3 at boot) in sub plot. The second set of experiment was conducted in a factorial randomi seed block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of combination of two tillage conditions (zero and optimum tillage) and three methods of weed control (unweeded check, two hand hoeings at 15 and 30 days after sowing and post-emergence application of 2,4-D at the rate of 1 kg a.e. ha). Wheat variety tested was Sonalika. The soil of the experimental plot was loam to silt loam in texture, medium in fertility and acidic reaction. Ploughing reduced bulk density and organic carbon content of soil but it had no effect on germination and seed ling establishment of wheat. Number of weeds m -2 was higher under optimum tilled plots but dry weight of weeds was greater under zero tillage. Untilled plots showed comparatively lower dry weight of roots at maximum tillering stage, however, the difference was gradually reduced at flowering. But for number of effective tillers no other yield attribute was markedly affected by Variation in tillage condition. Grain yields from optimum tilted plots were only 7 to 10 per cent more than that from the zero tilled plots (direct drilling of wheat in between two rows of rice stubbles). Energy use efficiency (BUB), grain energy productivity (g wheat MJ1) and benefit cost ratio on the other hand, were greater under zero tillage condition. Consumptive water use was higher under optimum tilled plots than under zero tilled plots. Consumptive use rate , increased from seedling to boot stage and then declined gradually during maturity. Crop responded well to nitrogen application up to 100 kg ha. Best indices of yield attributes, higher grain and straw yields, better uptake of nitrogen, higher EUS, energy productivity, net profit and benefit cost ratio were obtained when 50 per cent nitrogen was applied basal and 50 per cent at CRI stage. Late application of nitrogen at boot stage increased the test weight of thousand grains and protein con tent of grain .ThesisItem Open Access Quantitative And Qualitative Dietary Restrictions And Their Influence On The Performance Of Layers And Broilers(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Prasad, C. M.; R. R. P. SinhaOn the basis of the experiment conducted on layers and broilers during different periods of their growth and production, the following conclusion may ne drawn. 1. Expeller pressed kosum cake (PKC) protein is not a suitable substitute for groundnut cake protein, however, it may be added in layers' diet upto a maximum level of 6.0 % of the mash for a short period during scarcity. 2. Solvent extracted kosum cake (SEKC) protein can replace the groundnut cake protein at 5% of the mash success fully. However, it may be used upto 20% level on isocaloric basis in layers diet for economical egg production for short period during scarcity. 3. Skip-a-day feeding during laying period is not economical, as such, it should not be practiced. 4.Skip-a-day feed with or without SEKC (0, 50 and 70 % replacement of groundnut cake nitrogen) supplementation during growing (13-22 weeks) period is beneficial for subsequent egg production in WLH chicks.ThesisItem Open Access A Study On Cross Breeding Of Desi With Landrace And Large White Yorkshire Pigs(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Sharma, Banshidhar; H. R. Misra1.Landrace is more suitable for farm owing to its physical conformation and inherent genetic potential of faster growth at the finishing stage, whereas, Large white Yorkshire being more adaptable to rural condition with comparatively high post-weaning shock tolerance capacities stands ahead of the former for distribution in villages where its halfbreds perform better then Landrace halfbreds. 11. A decrease in magnitudes on pre-weaning body weights and linear body measurements with the increase of litter size at birth seemed to be a decisive factor of considerable importance in selection for phenotypic traits. 111. The lower rate of growth just after weaning in almost all the genetic groups suggested need of special care and management at that stage. 1V. Because of high resistance of weaning shock in halfbreds they excel the exotic over preference for any developmental programme in rural areas. If at all, exotics do not merit such consideration until they have crossed the weaning period at least by over one month. V. A significant superiority in litter size, apart from litter weight at birth and at weaning, is an additional advantage in economic traits by crossing of Desi sows with exotic boars over indigenously bred sows with Desi male.
