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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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1980 - 198981990 - 19974
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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × End date: 1997 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 12
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on bacillus Enterotoxins and their Pathogenesis
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Malik Mehboob Willayat; K.G.Narayan
    1. Six varieties of rice collected from north, south, east and west of Ranchi city were found contaminated to an extent of 50.00, 56.25, 81.25, 87.50, 100.00 and 100.00 percent, respectively, for Sonachur, Rice King, Mansuri, Parmal, Gandevta and Bundu. 2. Percentage of sample bearing heat resistant strains (100°C, 20 minutes) was 7.29 indicating that cooked rice may not be sterile always as is presumed. 3. The biotyping of the isolates revealed that the rice was contaminated with biotypes 7(28.94%), 6( 23,68 %), 5(18,42%) and 2(13.15%). This would help to understand the epidemiology of food poisoning due to Bacillus cereus. 4. Most of the isolates from rice (65.78%) did not ferment xylose and the findings are in accordance with the European reports. 5. The field isolates varied in production of the type of enterotoxins. 45.83 percent isolates produced both emetic as well as diarrhoeal type enterotoxins compared to 33.33 and 20.80 percent producing only emetic and diarrhoeal enterotoxins, respectively. 6. Shake-Cultures incubated at 30-32°C for 5-12 hours was ideal for optimal production of diarrhoeal enterotoxin as tested by VPR and MLT. 7. Bacillus cereus metabolites viz. phospholipase C, hemolysins and the lethal toxins when separated by gel filtration and other Methods did produces VPR or MLT in Vivo but Produced strong in Vitro lecithinovitelline reaction and hemolysis.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Bacillus Cereus Isolated from Milk and Milk Products
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Miss Elanbam Motina; Md,Kalimuddin
    Altogether 250 samples of milk and milk products from urban and suburban areas of Ranchi were tested, out of which 81 samples revealed contamination with Bacillus cereus and the percent positivity was 32.40. Higher percent of contamination was found in urban (36.00) than in suburban (28.80) areas. However, statistical analysis revealed that the difference was not significant. Results of studies on milk and milk products also showed similar pattern of contamination with Bacillus cereus. Of the milk products tested, highest percentage (41.37%) of rasogula samples followed by milk powder (40.00%) pera and berfi each (26.31%) were found contaminated. The more samples of raw milk from urban (35.71%) than from suburban (25.00%) areas were found positive for Bacillus cereus. The average presumptive counts of Bacillus cereus in the samples of milk and milk products drawn from urban areas were more than in the samples of suburban areas. but this difference was statistically not significant. Majority of the positive samples of milk and milk products had a presumptive and confirmatory counts of <4.000 cfu/ml or g in suburban and urban areas. Confirmatory counts of Bacillus cereus was 5.000 cfu/g and above in milk products from urban area. Only two samples from suburban area were found contaminated at the level of 8.000 to 9.000 cfu/g of berfi.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biotyping and Serotyping of Bacillus Cereus and Serologic Method for Detection of Enterotoxin in Food and Faec al Specimens
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1992) Narendra Kumar Jha; K.G.Naryan
    Bacillus cereus is commonly associated with food poisoning outbreaks in England, Australia, Canada, Japan and other European countries. Both 'emetic as well as diarrhoeal type of food borne illness have been reported in these countries. It has been found to be associated with diarrhoeal cases in human beings in India. A number of B. cereus strains (averaging 50.0% of European and 100.0% of Indian) are non-typable with British serotyping system. Therefore suitable markers are needed for epidemiological studies. Keeping this in view altogether 42 isolates of B cereus were studied. Of these 40 were isolated in this laboratory and 2 were obtained from PHLS, Colindale, England. These latter were associated with diarrhoeal and emetic type of food borne 111ness. Out of these 40 Indian isolates 26 were non-typable with British serotyping scheme while rest 14 were not sent for typing. The PHLS, Colindale, further reported that majority of these fermented xylose, a rare character and these resembled clusters of emetic type enterotoxin producers. All 42 isolates in this study were subjected to 11 tests required for species identification. In addition 18/40 sugars used by the PHLS, Colindale were used to study fermentative ability. The isolates under test were found variable (1.e. 20-80% of strains) with respect to fermentation of xylose, salicin and cellobiose.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Sero Epidemiological Studies on the Prevalence of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs in Bihar
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1980) Mohammad Kalimuddin; Dr. K.G. Narayan
    The present investigation was conducted to map out the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis in Bihar and to ascertain whether the 1978 outbreak of encephalitis in the state could be attributed to it. In order to map out its prevalence a total of 404 pigs from Darbhanga, Patna, Begusarai, Nawada, Dhanbad, Singhbhum, Hazaribagh and Ranchi districts were studied. These pigs were brought for slaughter at the Bacon factory Kanke. Out of 404 pigs, 374 were White Yorkshire, 14 Crossbred (White Yorkshire x Landrace), 16 Deshi- Black, 258 were female, 146 male, 368 adults and 36 were piglets. Serum samples were collected from each of 404 pigs. These were tested for haemagglutination inhibition and complement fixing antibodies using Japanese encephalitis, Dengue-2, West Nile and Chikungunia virus antigens. The distribution of pigs showing highest HI antibodies according to sex, age and breed indicated that more females (47.67%) than males (36.98%), more adults (44.65%) than piglets (36.11%), more White Yorkshire pigs (44.11%) than crossbred (42.85) and Deshi Black (37.50%) had exposure to Japanese encepha litis virus. A comparison of exposure rates to different viral antigens suggested that JEV (43.81%) was far more prevalent than DN-2, WN and CHIK viruses (18.06%, 16.33 % and 2.97%) respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies On Microbial Flora Of Marketed Rohu And Its Keeping Quality Under Refrigenration
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1990) Sinha, Dharmendra Kumar; S.P. Choudhary
    The present work was undertaken to study the microbial flora of marketed Rohu and its keeping quality under refrigeration. The work was completed in two parte. In the first part, a total of 30 Rohu were examined. There were collected from different fish markets in Ranchi in a period of about 5 months June to November, 1989). Their hygienic quality, bacterial flora of public health significance, sources of contamination and enter pathogenicity of the most common isolates were determined. The hygienic quality of marketed Rohu were determined by total viable, coliform, faecal streptococcal and sulphite reducing clostridial counts. It was concluded on the basis of these counts that marketed Rohu were of poor hygienic quality. Other microbial counts taken were, . aureup, Gran's negative bacteria, psychrotrophic Grem's negative bacteria and yeast and moulds. On an average it was found that gills of marketed chu have a higher microbial load followed by skin and muscle. Altogether, 6 zpactes of Gran's positive bacteria, 16 spices of Gran's negative bacteria, 3 genera of moulds and one of yeast were isolated from different parts of marketed Rohu. The microorganisms vith a per cent distribution of 100 were, Hicrococcus spp., Proteus mirabi lig, Klebsiella oxytoce and Aeromonas hydrophila. 0111s harboured more types of microflora than the skin and muscle. Salmonella newport was isolated from gills and intestine of one of the marketed Rohu and perhaps it was the first report of its isolation from fish.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Enterotoxin And Haemagglutinin Production By Clostridium Perfringens Type A
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1989) Mehta Ranajee; K. G. Narayan
    A total of 39 stock cultures of S. perfringsns were obtained. Sixteen of these cultures included twelve from England and Wales, one from America, two from All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi and one from Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar. The rest twenty three cultures were isolated in Ranchi. All were earlier studied and maintained in the Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology. These cultures were studied for their morphological and biochemical characters for re identification. All were grown in sporulation medium for two different periods viz 10 and 25 hours to harvest cell free supernatant of frozen thawed cyclomixed culture, while all the 156 (39 strains x 2 growth period * 2 preparations) materials were tested for haemagglutinin active on sheep and human erythrocytes, 78 (39 strains x 2 growth periods viz cell free supernatant of frozen-thawed cyclomixed) were tested for enterotoxin by microplate ELISA method. DOZ-immune binding technique viz DOT-ELISA for the assay of enterotoxin was developed. The morphological and biochemical characterization of the 39 test strains revealed that 21 of the 23 Ranchi-strains were raffinose-non fermentor. This raffinose-negative cultures constituted a cluster unique to Ranchi. Haemagglutinin production was not found to common. Haenagglutinin active on human erythrocytes appeared to be more common than those acting on sheep erythrocytes. Nineteen out of thirty nine strains were active on human erythrocytes, while only eleven strains were so on sheep erythrocytes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bacteriological Quality of Pork Products With Special Reference To Staphylococcal Enterotoxins
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1988) Etty Nanu; K. Q. Narayana
    In India the demand for ready-to-eat foods has increased due to rapid socio-economic and industrial development. These food items constitute a major portion of the current convenience meat foods in and out of home. Commercial organization engaged in food processing and manufacture must maintain satisfactory microbiological standards of their products to ensure consumer safety. Such quality control and food safety programmes in India appear to be in their infancy. In order to assess the quality of food for consumer's safety it is essential to examine it for bacteria responsible for food poisoning and/or their toxins and also for food spoilage organisms. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the objective to assess the bacteriological quality, hygienic status of production, the presence of pathogens and changes in microbial population during storage of kabab and salami. studies were extended on enter toxigenic ability of isolates of staphylococci under storage conditions. The temperature of lord and also kabab balls was monitored while deep frying. Raw kabab bells were exposed to a temperature of 110°C for 30 minutes. An average reduction of one log in mesophiles, three logs in psychrophiles and one log of staphylococcal counts was observed after deep frying. Hygienic status of bowl chopper was studied. In a rinse of 2.5 and 5.0 minutes the mesophilic count observed were in the range of 1.44x10° to>3.0x10 and 4.4x10 to 3.0x10⁹ respectively. It was revealed that the detergent sanitizer used was ineffective.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES OF DYNAMICS OF CONTAMINATION OF RAW PORK WITH CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS TYPE A AND DIARRHEA/FOOD POISONING DUE IT
    (Birsa Agricultural University, 1986) Choudhary, SURESH PRASAD; Narayanan, K.G.
    Pa. aeruginosa has been isolated from a wide variety of environmental sources 1.e., earth, sewage and water. It is unique among human pathogens in that it can infect vertebrates both warm and cold blooded, terrestrial and aquatic, invertebrates including insects as well as plants. Increasing reports of association of Pa.aeruginosa with various pathological conditions in man and animals and its extra-ordinary resistance to most of the antimicrobial agents make it an important pathogen. Ps. aeruginosaia reported to be associated in man with various conditions like ear infections, pericarditis, endocarditis, meningitis, septicemia, bronchopneumonia, infant diarrhea, severe urinary tract infections and wound infections. In animals, the organism is reported to cause mastitis and abortion in bovines. It has also been isolated from genital tract of mares. It is reported to cause piglet diarrhea is pigs and pneumonia in goats. The organism has been isolated from respiratory tract of sick and healthy poultry in which it is also reported to cause septicemia. The natural history of Ps. aeruginosa infection in farm animals and human beings, not being known, the present study was undertaken. It was planned to study the epidemiology of natural infection of Ps. aeruginosa in human beings, goats, pigs and poultry and to elucidate zoonotic significance of this agent.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA INFECTION IN MAN, GOATS, PIGS, AND POUTRY
    (Birsa Agricultural University, 1982) PAJNOO, JAWAHAR LAL; CHAUDHARY, S.P.
    In the present study an attempt was made to study the occurrence of Ps. aeruginosa under natural conditions in man, goats, pigs and poultry. 45 isolates were collected from Rajendra Medical College, Ranchi from the samples referred to Pathology department. These isolates were from urine, pus and vaginal secretion. 469 samples were taken from goat, poultry and pig farms of Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi. Out of 261 samples taken from poultry farm (birds, feed, litter, drinking water), 39 isolates of Ps, aeruginosa were obtained. The se isolates were from younger stock of poultry (2-3 months). None of the samples taken from adult birds yielded Ps. seruginosa. The feed and water given to the younger age group also yielded the organism and the feed and water given to adult stock was negative for the organism. 20 samples taken from attendants from their urine, hand swabs and faces did not yield the organism. Out of the 94 samples taken from pig farm including pigs, feed, floor of the sty and drinking water, 18 isolates were obtained from adult, weaned and from suckling diarrheic piglets and their environment. On the other hand none of the samples taken from healthy suckling piglets yielded the organism. The feed fed to the adult stock yielded Ps. aeruginosa. It appears that feed introduces this agent and adult pigs suffer subclinical infection. They amplify the agent and contaminate the sty, where from suckling piglets get the infection directly