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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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Subject: Plant Breeding × Author: Aditya, Kambampati × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2013 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MUTATION STUDIES IN SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 2016) Aditya, Kambampati; Verma, Nutan
    Two well adapted and genetically divergent varieties of soybean, B.S.S.2 and R.K.S.-18, treated with five different doses of Gamma rays using cobalt 60 [Co60] source of BARC, Mumbai were sown along with untreated parent seeds under soybean research programme, during Kharif 2014-15.The M1 plants were harvested individually and seeds from individual plants were sown in the field to grow the M2 progeny in subsequent Kharif 2015. The data collected for individual characters was subjected to the standard descriptive statistical analysis. The experimental findings revealed that seed germination and plant survival decreased with increase in dose of mutagen .The reduction in germination was found more in the variety B.S.S-2 than the variety RKS -18 , proving it to be more sensitive towards Gamma rays . In M2 generation a sudden increase in lethality percentage was recorded in BSS-2 at higher dose. Seedling or plant injury was not found dose dependent clearly indicating that different dose exerted different inhibitory effect on seedling growth in both the varieties under study. High polygenic variation was observed for the characters like plant height, number of pods per plant and number of branches per plant in both the varieties due to effect of different doses of Gamma rays in M2 progeny. The variety BSS-2 showed greater variability for most of the quantitative traits which could be observed at lower doses (50 Gy and 100 Gy). Gamma rays had positive effect on number of branches per plant and days to maturity in both the varieties. No effect was observed for the character number of seeds per pod ,while negative effect was recorded for 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant in variety , R.K.S-18. Mutation frequency showed an increase with increase in dose of Gamma rays in both the varieties. Mutation rate was found higher in BSS-2 than RKS-18 proving it to be more reactive to mutagenic treatment. In the variety BSS-2 highest mutagenic effectiveness was recorded at 150 Gy while the effectiveness decreased with an increase in dose. Lower dose was found to be the most effective. Correlation was computed to know the relation between two characters of the same variety, whereas Z-test was calculated to study about the two correlation coefficients whether they are significantly different or not. On the basis of field data, average performance was highly significant for several characters like plant maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight.