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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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Subject: Agricultural Extension Education × Author: Kumar, Pankaj × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2013 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CASE STUDIES ON AGRI-ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG TRIBALS IN JHARKHAND
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Kumar, Pankaj; Jha, B.K.
    Entrepreneurship assumes importance in the backdrop of declining employment opportunities in organized sector. The problem of unemployment in tribal areas is rampant which can be observed through heavy migration of tribal youth to urban areas. Hence, it was decided to conduct a study on “Case Studies on Agri-entrepreneurship among Tribals in Jharkhand” with specific of objectives viz. to study the agri - entrepreneurial environment and traits of identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs, to study socio-economic profile of identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs, to analyze the adoption of technology by the identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs, to analyze the economics of enterprise/s of identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs and to study the marketing strategies adopted by the identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs. The ex-post facto cum exploratory research design was adopted. Three tribal agri- entrepreneurs each were selected from Santhal, Oraon and Munda tribal communities. Only those tribal agri-entrepreneurs were selected whose income was above per capita income of India. The variables included age, education, size of holding, irrigation potential, family size, proximity with city, extension contact, social participation and entrepreneurial traits with the indices and scale already developed or developed under the study. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial environment was created by government and non-government organizations in which the contribution of bank was found important. Majority of the tribal agri-entrepreneurs were young with graduate degree. The entrepreneurial traits like endurance, internal locus of control and tolerance to uncertainty were found significant and important. The tribal agri-entrepreneurs involved in agriculture and horticulture enterprises adopted most of the recommended technologies, but gaps were observed in drip irrigation system and primary processing. Similarly, the gaps were also observed in recommendation of changing boar every year, management of piglet anemia and needle teeth cutting in case of piggery enterprise. All the selected tribal agri-entrepreneurs had pump set and drip irrigation system but the big machine i.e. tractor was owned by tribal agri- entrepreneurs with large size of holding. The net income of selected tribal agrientrepreneurs ranged from Rs.360174/- to Rs.1831684/-. Cent per cent selected tribal agri-entrepreneurs engaged in agriculture + horticulture sold their produce through mediator. Contrarily, the tribal agri-entrepreneurs engaged in piggery enterprise sold their produce directly to the consumers. The tribal agri-entrepreneurs received price less than MSP except kharif maize and pigeon pea. Similarly, for most of vegetable crops, the agri-entrepreneurs received price less than the lower range of wholesale price and their share in consumer’s rupee was found between 0.21 to 0.71. The entrepreneurial impact on personal and social life of tribal agri-entrepreneurs has been praiseworthy and they have been able to create substantial employment in rural tribal areas. It could be concluded from the study that tribal agri-entrepreneurs are emerging and sustaining but they are also suffering due to lack of adequate technology support and weak marketing system. With encouragement and required support, there could be favorable entrepreneurial environment which will solve the problem of unemployment and bring prosperity in tribal area.