CASE STUDIES ON AGRI-ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG TRIBALS IN JHARKHAND
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Date
2019
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Publisher
Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
Entrepreneurship assumes importance in the backdrop of declining employment
opportunities in organized sector. The problem of unemployment in tribal areas is
rampant which can be observed through heavy migration of tribal youth to urban areas.
Hence, it was decided to conduct a study on “Case Studies on Agri-entrepreneurship
among Tribals in Jharkhand” with specific of objectives viz. to study the agri -
entrepreneurial environment and traits of identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs, to study
socio-economic profile of identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs, to analyze the adoption of
technology by the identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs, to analyze the economics of
enterprise/s of identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs and to study the marketing strategies
adopted by the identified tribal agri-entrepreneurs. The ex-post facto cum exploratory
research design was adopted. Three tribal agri- entrepreneurs each were selected from
Santhal, Oraon and Munda tribal communities. Only those tribal agri-entrepreneurs were
selected whose income was above per capita income of India. The variables included
age, education, size of holding, irrigation potential, family size, proximity with city,
extension contact, social participation and entrepreneurial traits with the indices and
scale already developed or developed under the study. The findings revealed that
entrepreneurial environment was created by government and non-government
organizations in which the contribution of bank was found important. Majority of the
tribal agri-entrepreneurs were young with graduate degree. The entrepreneurial traits like
endurance, internal locus of control and tolerance to uncertainty were found significant
and important. The tribal agri-entrepreneurs involved in agriculture and horticulture
enterprises adopted most of the recommended technologies, but gaps were observed in
drip irrigation system and primary processing. Similarly, the gaps were also observed in
recommendation of changing boar every year, management of piglet anemia and needle
teeth cutting in case of piggery enterprise. All the selected tribal agri-entrepreneurs had
pump set and drip irrigation system but the big machine i.e. tractor was owned by tribal
agri- entrepreneurs with large size of holding. The net income of selected tribal agrientrepreneurs
ranged from Rs.360174/- to Rs.1831684/-. Cent per cent selected tribal
agri-entrepreneurs engaged in agriculture + horticulture sold their produce through
mediator. Contrarily, the tribal agri-entrepreneurs engaged in piggery enterprise sold
their produce directly to the consumers. The tribal agri-entrepreneurs received price less
than MSP except kharif maize and pigeon pea. Similarly, for most of vegetable crops, the
agri-entrepreneurs received price less than the lower range of wholesale price and their
share in consumer’s rupee was found between 0.21 to 0.71. The entrepreneurial impact
on personal and social life of tribal agri-entrepreneurs has been praiseworthy and they
have been able to create substantial employment in rural tribal areas. It could be
concluded from the study that tribal agri-entrepreneurs are emerging and sustaining but
they are also suffering due to lack of adequate technology support and weak marketing
system. With encouragement and required support, there could be favorable
entrepreneurial environment which will solve the problem of unemployment and bring
prosperity in tribal area.
Description
CASE STUDIES
ON
AGRI-ENTREPRENEURSHIP AMONG TRIBALS
IN JHARKHAND