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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC DIVERSITY IN WILD POPULATIONS OF Moringa oleifera Lam. (DRUMSTICK TREE) IN NORTH-WEST INDIA(UHF Nauni, 2022-05-12) MOHIT KUNDAL; Atul GuptaThe present study entitled “Genetic diversity in wild populations of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Drumstick tree) in north-west India” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources of Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2020-23. This investigation was conducted in seven locations in four states/UTs, viz., Samba (Jammu and Kashmir), Dunera (Punjab), Vikasnagar (Uttarakhand), Lamlehri (Himachal Pradesh), Tirla (Himachal Pradesh), Siswa Dam (Punjab) and Morni Hills (Haryana) ranging from 351-549 amsl. Four major experiments were conducted, viz., survey and selection of wild genotypes, morphological variation in selected half-sib progenies, identifying best progenies having superior nutritive values and genetic diversity of mother trees using SSR markers. The mother trees varied significantly in qualitative, morphological, nutritive and molecular levels. Progeny P35 showed highest values for plant height and fresh shoot weight, P7 for number of leaves, total amino acids, N, S and Zn, P30 for leaf area and fresh shoot weight, P19 for ether extract, P3 for crude fiber, P22 for ash content, P and Mn, P34 for collar diameter and nitrogen free extract, P29 for K, P20 for Ca, P16 for Mg, P18 for Fe and P14 for Cu content. High heritability pooled with high genetic gain was observed for germination percentage; plant height and total fresh biomass, ether extract, crude fiber, P, Zn, S, Fe and Mn. Correlation coefficients, path coefficient and principle component analysis exhibited high variability among progenies. Genetic diversity of mother trees was assessed using SSR markers. Sixteen out of 20 SSR markers gave amplification of which all 16 markers gave polymorphism. On average, 3.75 alleles/per SSR were amplified in each mother tree. The overall similarity coefficient was 0.82 where M1 and M3 were distantly related.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ETHEPHON APPLICATION ON SEX REGULATION, GROWTH, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES IN BITTER GOURD(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-03-24) SHIVANI SHARMA; Dr. Manish KumarThe present investigations entitled “Effect of ethephon application on sex regulation, growth, seed yield and quality attributes in bitter gourd” were carried out in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the year2022 and 2023 using bitter gourd cv. Solan Hara. The experiment was laid in Randomized Complete Block Design with one additional treatment for both field and laboratory conditions having three replications each. Various ethephon concentrations (50 ppm, 100ppm, 150ppm, 200ppm, 250ppm, 300ppm) were applied at three stages(4 True leaf stage, 4 True leaf stage + 15 days after first spray, 4 True leaf stage + 15 days after first spray + 15 days after second spray) with one additional treatment (standard practice: no ethephon application).The results revealed that between factorial treatment (treatment combinations) and non-factorial treatment (additional treatment), factorial treatment were found superior. Among treatment combinations, ethephon application @ 300ppm at 4 true leaf stage + 15 days after first spray + 15 days after second spray results in higher node bearing first male flower (number), lower node bearing first female flower (number), minimum internodal length (cm), maximum days to first male flower, minimum days to first female flower, minimum number of male flowers, maximum number of female flowers, narrower sex ratio, maximum number of fruits per plant, total number of seeds per fruit, fruit length at the time of seed maturity (cm), fruit weight at the time of seed maturity (g), minimum days to fruit ripening, maximum seed yield (g) per plant, (g) per plot, (q) per hectare, maximum 100 seed weight (g), germination percentage, seedling length (cm), seedling dry weight (mg), seedling vigour index- I, seedling vigour index-II. Therefore, this treatment combination can be recommended for inducing femaleness as well as quality seed production of bitter gourd cv. Solan Hara in Himachal Pradesh.ThesisItem Open Access GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN SOME CHILLI CROSS COMBINATIONS(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-05) SHARMA, DEEPAK; VIKRAM, AMITABSTRACT The present investigation titled, “Genotype × Environment interaction in some chilli cross combinations” was carried out at three diverse locations viz., RHR&TS Jachh (E1), UHF, Nauni (E2), RHR&TS Bajaura (E3) during Summer of 2021 and 2022 to study the mean performance, and stability analysis according to Eberhart and Russel model for yield and yield attributing traits in chilli. The experimental material used in the present study comprised of eight diverse chilli genotypes, which were crossed during Summer season, 2021 to obtain ten cross combinations. The ten cross combinations along with one check DKC-8 were evaluated in RCBD with three replications at three diverse locations during Summer 2022. The analysis of variance was highly significant for all the traits across the three environments. Based on mean performance, hybrids UHF-CHI-5 × UHF-CHI-7, DKC-8 × UHF-CHI-15 and UHF-CHI-13 × UHF-CHI-14 were in the top rank for majority of the traits. Based on Eberhart and Russel model, out of ten hybrids, only two hybrids UHF-CHI-5 × UHF-CHI-7 and DKC-8 × UHF-CHI-7 showed stability for yield and yield attributing traits. Based on GGE Biplot analysis it was observed that E1 (RHR&TS Jachh) was found to be most discriminative and representative. UHF-CHI-5 × UHF-CHI-7 and DKC-8 × UHF-CHI- 7 showed high stability as being placed close to theThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF GROUND WATER STATUS IN LOW-HILLS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-02) LALRINZUALI, R K; AGGARWAL, RKABSTRACT The present study entitled “Assessment of ground water status in low-hills of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in the low hills of districts Sirmaur and Una, with the aim to checkthe quality and quantity of groundwater in the region. The study was conducted to check whether theindustries, national highway and residential areas have impacted the quality of groundwater in the area by comparing with the IPH supply source (control) during 2020-2022 by collecting 15 samples from each district during two seasons viz. pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. The groundwater quality parameters under study were temperature, turbidity, TDS, EC, pH, DO, alkalinity, SO4 2-, NO3 -, Na+, Ca2+, TH, Cl-, Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr2+, Pb2+ and total coliform. The concentrations of the physicochemical parameters under study were found to be within BIS permissible limits and the presence of total coliform was not detected in the low hills of selected districts. Site-wise, the concentration of all the parameters was highest around the industries followed by samples within the industries, along the main highway,and residential areas and lowest at control, indicating that the industrial activities have started to impact the groundwater quality. In the Sirmaur district, the correlation coefficient, (r) was in the order of 0.993 (Ca2+ and TH) > 0.983 (TDS and Mg2+) > 0.982 (TDS and Cl-) > 0.977 (Cl- and Mg2+) > 0.976 (alkalinity and Ca2+> 0.969 (Ca2+ and Cl-) > 0.963 (Ca2+ and Mg2+, alkalinity and Cl-) > 0.959 (SO4 2- and TH) > 0.948 (alkalinity and Mg2+> 0.940 (turbidity and DO) > 0.931 ( TH and Mn2+) > 0.927 (TDS and EC) > 0.924 (TDS and alkalinity) > 0.916 (EC and Mg2+) > 0.913 (Na+ and Cl-) > 0.911 (TDS and Na+) > 0.902 (SO4 2- and Ca2+) > 0.900 (EC and chloride). In district Una, the correlation coefficient, (r) was in the order of 0.998 (alkalinity and Ca2+) > 0.984 (EC and Ca2+) > 0.980 (EC and alkalinity) > 0.978 (alkalinity and TH) > 0.970 (Ca2+ and TH, Na+ and Mn2+) > 0.963 (SO4 2- and TH) > 0.956 (EC and TH) > 0.940 (alkalinity and SO4 2-) > 0.931 (SO4 2- and Ca2+) > 0.924 (TDS and EC) > 0.911 (DO and Na+). Among the toxic metals, the correlation coefficient, (r) was in the order of 0.991 (Cu2+ and Pb2+) > 0.982 (Zn2+ and Cu2+) > 0.954 (Zn2+and Pb2+) > 0.910 (Cr2+and Pb2+) > 0.906 (Fe2+ and Cr2+) in district Sirmaur and 0.962 (Cr2+ and Pb2+) > 0.903 (Cu2+ and Pb2+) > 0.861 (Fe2+ and Cu2+) > 0.700 (Fe2+ and Pb2+) in district Una. In both districts, the WQI fell under the good to excellent category and was still suitable for drinking purposes. In district Sirmaur,the WQI was highest around the industries (42.31) followed by within the industries (41.48), main highway (38.64), residential areas (38.64) and control (37.58). In district Una, the WQI wasthe also highest around the industries (38.82) followed by within the industries (38.24), main highway (37.86), residential areas (37.56) and control (26.25). In district Sirmaur, a significant regression equation with R2 of 0.864 was obtained for turbidity (Turbidity = 4.173+0.0011 TDS) followed by 0.863 (Manganese = 0.082+0.001 TDS) and 0.854 (Total Hardness = 61.952+0.079 TDS) while only chromium showed a significant R2 with a value of 0.782 (Cr = 0.185 + 0.223 Fe) among the toxic metals. In district Una, a significant R2 of 0.899 was found for EC (EC = -0.288+0.0060 TDS) followed by 0.852 (Calcium = 19.671+0.079 TDS) and 0.842 (Chloride = 11.242+0.137 TDS) while the highest R2 of 0.898 (Zn = -0.011 + 0.993 Fe) was found for the toxic metals. To check the quantity of groundwater, a groundwater potential zone map was prepared for the low hills of both districts using ArcGis. In the low hills of district Sirmaur, about 74.62 per cent of the area fell under the poor zone, and high to very high potential zones were found along the Markanda river and its tributaries. In the low hills of district Una, around 64 per cent of the area fell under the poor potential zone and about 17 per cent fell under a poor potential zone and around 18 per cent came under a moderate to a very high potential zone. Validation results of the groundwater potential zone map indicated an overall efficiency of 80 per cent with a kappa coefficient of 0.73 in the low hills of district Sirmaur and overall efficiency of 86.67 per cent with a kappa coefficient of 0.81 in the low hills ofdistrict UnThesisItem Open Access IMPACT OF NANO-PARTICLES (ZnO) WITH DIFFERENT NUTRIENT SOURCES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) AND CAPSICUM (Capsicum annuum L.).(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-11) BHARDWAJ, GITIKA; BHARDWAJ, GITIKA; CHAUHAN, ANJALI; CHAUHAN, ANJALIABSTRACT A total of thirteen treatment combinations arranged in a complete randomized design and were replicated three times for both, tomato and capsicum in the net house of the Department of Soil Science & Water Management, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, during the years 2020 and 2021. The application of foliar spray of ZnO @ 50 ppm + 50 % RDN (through vermicompost) + 50 % RDN (through chemical fertilizers) increased the plant height (216.33 and 72.00 cm) with 18.1 and 64.9 % increase over control, root length (28.17 and 14.85 cm), number of primary branches (6.67 and 5.67), plant biomass (172.67 and 87.00 g), number of fruits per plant (22 and 19), fruit yield (1.61 and 1.48 kg), chlorophyll a (0.54 and 0.82 mg g-1), chlorophyll b (1.01 and 1.54 mg g-1), N uptake (5.85 and 2.87 g plant-1), P uptake (1.18 and 1.22 g plant-1) and K uptake (7.63 and 9.35 g plant-1) for tomato and capsicum, respectively. The maximum benefit cost ratio (3.71 and 3.44) of tomato and capsicum was also recorded under treatment with conjoint application of vermicompost and chemical fertilizers along with foliar spray of 50 ppm ZnO nano-particles. Moreover, ZnO nano-particles application @ 50 ppm (seed treatment) in combination with vermicompost and chemical fertilizers increased available nutrient status, soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, phosphatase and urease) and other microbiological properties (viable microbial count and microbial biomass) of soil. Overall, the application of 50 ppm ZnO nano-particles concentration through seed treatment and foliar spray improved the soil properties, plant growth and quality parameters of tomato and capsicum and the above-mentioned nutrient module may be recommended after carrying out multi-locational trials in Himachal Pradesh for adoption of nanoparticles in the agricultural fields.ThesisItem Open Access A HOLISTIC APPROACH FOR BIOUTILIZATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE FOR VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-12) SHARMA, POOJA; SHARMA, NIVEDITAABSTRACT The present study was carried out to collect, pretreat, separate components from agro-forestry waste biomass of Himachal Pradesh (i.e. Solan, Sirmour, Kangra and Una), their application in biofuel production and as biocontrol agent. Among all the collected waste biomass, agricultural mix was found to have 12.56% lignin, 37.61% holocellulose, forestry mix contained 20.12% of lignin, 35.70% of holocellulose whereas pine needles were analyzed to be composed of 17.22% lignin and 36.90% holocellulose content. After acidic and alkali pretreatments, the lignin and holocellulosic contents of untreated biomass increased up to maximum 30.96% (lignin) and 47.54% (holocellulose) as observed in Organosolv pretreatment of forestry biomass. The pretreated biomass was then utilized separately for nanoparticles synthesis (using lignin) and biofuel production (holocellulosic residue). In- house hyper-cellulase (Bacillus stratosphericus N12) and hyper-xylanase (Bacillus altitudinus Kd1) producing bacteria were screened qualitatively and quantitatively for enzyme production where they showed zone size of 22mm, 21mm on agar plate assay and enzyme activity of 1.69 IU/ml and 4.83 IU/ml respectively. The enzyme cocktail of cellulase and xylanase produced by selected bacterial isolates were further utilized for saccharification of untreated and pretreated agricultural/forestry/pine needle holocellulosic residue and highest reducing sugars were produced by organosolv pretreated agricultural holocellulosic residue (22.53mg/g). Co-culture of yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stiptis was employed for fermentation of saccharified liquor in ratio of 2:1 and ethanol yield was observed to be 28.70g/l for organosolv pretreated forestry holocellulosic residue. Optimization of process parameters for ethanol fermentation was performed by Classical One Factor at a Time (COFAT) approach keeping inoculum size, fermentation pH, incubation time and incubation period in view. Each parameter contributed to increase the yield of ethanol fermentation and achieved highest yield at 28.44 g/l by applying Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology. Lignin based zinc oxide nanoparticles (L-ZnO NPs) were synthesized and characterized by using UV-Vis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High Resolution Transmission Electrom Microscopy (HRTEM) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) techniques which confirmed their successful formation of nanoparticles, their wurtzite structure, rod shaped morphology and average size of 20-50nm. The L-ZnO NPs were tested in laboratory against 3 phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum and Stemphylium vesicarium) and then the concentration with highest antifungal activity was employed in pot trial experiment on Garlic crop for 60 days trial experiment where the L-ZnO NPs demonstrated strong antagonistic efficacy against the phytopathogenic fungi. The environmentally friendly, cost-effective lignin-derivation from agro-forestry waste, utilization of holocellulosic residue in bioethanol production and subsequent lignin-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticle synthesis process would help in the prodThesisItem Open Access GENETIC STUDIES ON MORPHOLOGICAL, YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-11) ARTI, DIVYA; ARTI, DIVYA; MEHTA, DEVINDER K; MEHTA, DEVINDER KABSTRACT The present study entitled “Genetic Studies on Morphological, Yield and Quality Traits in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni Solan, (HP) in summer of 2019, 2020 and 2021. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications comprising seventy two genotypes to elucidate the information on the extent of mean performance, heterosis, combining ability, nature and magnitude of gene action for different horticultural traits. Inheritance of immature fruit colour in bell pepper was also studied by observing the segrVegetable Science,egation pattern of different generations (F2, B1 and B2) using chi- square analysis. The analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among all the genotypes for all the traits studied. Based on GCA effects, the lines UHF CAP-23, UHF CAP-1 and UHF CAP-22 and two testers Yolo Wonder and California Wonder were the most promising for fruit yield per plant. Gene action studies indicated predominance for non additive gene action for almost all the traits except for days to first picking. The experimental results revealed that on the basis of overall mean performance, heterosis over standard check and other genetic parameters three cross combinations viz., UHF CAP- 30 × California Wonder, UHF CAP-23 × Yolo Wonder and UHF CAP-22 × California Wonder performed well for majority of yield and yield contributing traits and these hybrids can be recommended for cultivation after multi-locational testing. Chi-square analysis revealed that Solan Bharpur (Dark Green) × UHF CAP-101(Sulfury White) showed incomplete dominance, Solan Bharpur (Dark Green) × UHF CAP-102 (Dark Purple) showed dominant epistThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION OF DROUGHT TOLERANT PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND THEIR EVALUATION ON STRAWBERRY (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-11) DHIMAN, VINAY KUMAR; RANA, NEERJAABSTRACT Drought is the prime abiotic stress that rigorously influence plant growth, yield and quality attributes of the crops. For sustainable agriculture, drought resistant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are new encouraging prospects, which are inexpensive and have no side effects as those of synthetic fertilizers. The present investigation was carried by isolation and enumeration of soil samples from during rainfed areas of six sites of three districts of Himachal Pradesh. The maximum bacterial count was recorded as 5.70×106 log cfu/g in Dhaula Kuan site of Sirmaur district. A total of 111 bacterial isolates were isolated from the collected soil samples. The isolates were screened for osmotic stress (-0.05MPa, -0.15MPa,-0.30MPa, -0.49MPa, -0.73MPa) attained with PEG concertation. The 41 isolates were selected after stress of -0.73 MPa with PEG 25 percent concentration. These 41 isolates were screened for ACC deaminase, EPS production, Proline, Total and free amino acids and 33 isolates were selected as drought tolerant isolates. These 33 were then screened for growth promoting traits. Among these 33 isolates 84.8 per cent isolates were P- solubilizers, 63.6 per cent were N-fixer, 93.9 per cent were Ammonia producers, 57.6 per cent were HCN producers and 60.6 per cent were siderophore producers. Out of 33 isolates quantitative estimation of 27 isolates selected and further tested for quantitative estimation of growth promoting traits The isolates SDK8 and SBU4 showed maximum potential for P- solubilization i.e., 92.86 μg/ml and 94.57 μg/ml, siderophore production of 63.12 %SU and 52.14 %SU, IAA production of 72.64 μg/ml and 74.63 μg/ml. The isolates SDK8 and SBU4 were able to grow maximum at incubation period of 48 hours, pH 7.0 and temperature of 35°C. These two isolates were tested further for their growth promoting and drought tolerating abilities in strawberry. The interactive effect of selected PGPR in strawberry plants under water stress (3,5,7 and 10 days) was performed. The plants were able to tolerate water stress upto 3,5,7 days only. Moreover, the significant increase in vegetative growth parameters with T1(PGPR1) and T2(PGPR2) alone and in combination with consortium T3(PGPR1+PGPR2) was recorded. The consortia recorded highest increase in plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of runners, shoot fresh and dry weight, root length, root fresh and dry weight and over uninoculated control. Treatment T3 also showed significant increase in biochemical constituents (increased level of relative leaf water content, total chlorophyll, protein and decreased level of phenol, antioxidant) in strawberry leaves. Interactive effect of water stress and recovery with selected Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) was observed on the vegetative and fruiting characteristics of strawberry. The observations were recorded after 3, 5 and 7 days interval of water stress and recovery. The plants were statistically at par with control with PGPR after water stress for 3, 5 and 7 days and recovery. The application of PGPR showed significant increase in vegetative growth parameters with T1(PGPR1) and T2(PGPR2) alone and was highest with treatment of consortia T3(PGPR1+PGPR2) over uninoculated control. It was also found that fruit yield parameters viz. number of flowers (19.33), fruit weight (8.59g) and fruit quality the treatment viz. total soluble sugars (11.09%), titrable acidity (0.54), anthocyanin (45.89mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (42.92 mg/100g), sugar content showed maximum increase with treatment of consortia T3(PGPR1+PGPR2) compared to uninoculated control. Thus, outcome of this comparative investigation indicates that Pseudomonas fluorescens (SBU4) and Pseudomonas glycinae (SDK8) are drought tolerant and possess the multiple beneficial properties of growth promotion. Therefore, these two isolates could be utilized as bioinoculant in strawberry to improve yield and quality even under short term drought stress conditions.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-11) SANDEEP KUMAR; THAKUR, BHUPINDER SABSTRACT The present study entitled “Genetic analysis of yield and contributing traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Regional Horticulture Research and Training Station, Bajaura, Kullu (HP) in summer of 2019, 2020 and 2021. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications comprising forty six genotypes to elucidate the information on the extent of mean performance, heterosis, combining ability, nature and magnitude of gene action for different horticultural traits. Inheritance of mature fruit colour in tomato was also studied by observing the segregation pattern of different generations (F2, B1 and B2) using chi- square analysis. The analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among all the genotypes for all the traits studied. Based on GCA effects, the parents viz., Solan Lalima and BajT-4 were the most promising for fruit yield per plant. Gene action studies indicated predominance for non additive gene action for almost all the traits except for average fruit weight. The experimental results revealed that that on the basis of overall mean Solan Lalima × BajT-4, Solan Lalima × BajT-11, Arka Meghali × BajT-10, Arka Abha × H-7998, Arka Abha × BT-21, Solan Lalima × Arka Meghali and H-7998 × BajT-4 performed well for majority of yield and yield contributing traits and these hybrids can be recommended for cultivation after multilocational testing. Chi-square analysis revealed that Solan Lalima (red) × BN-7 (yellow) showed dominance of red colour over yellow colour.
