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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC DIVERSITY IN WILD POPULATIONS OF Moringa oleifera Lam. (DRUMSTICK TREE) IN NORTH-WEST INDIA(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-12-04) MOHIT KUNDAL; HARI PAL SANKHYANABSTRACT The present study entitled “Genetic diversity in wild populations of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Drumstick tree) in north-west India” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources of Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2020-23. This investigation was conducted in seven locations in four states/UTs, viz., Samba (Jammu and Kashmir), Dunera (Punjab), Vikasnagar (Uttarakhand), Lamlehri (Himachal Pradesh), Tirla (Himachal Pradesh), Siswa Dam (Punjab) and Morni Hills (Haryana) ranging from 351-549 amsl. Four major experiments were conducted, viz., survey and selection of wild genotypes, morphological variation in selected half-sib progenies, identifying best progenies having superior nutritive values and genetic diversity of mother trees using SSR markers. The mother trees varied significantly in qualitative, morphological, nutritive and molecular levels. Progeny P35 showed highest values for plant height and fresh shoot weight, P7 for number of leaves, total amino acids, N, S and Zn, P30 for leaf area and fresh shoot weight, P19 for ether extract, P3 for crude fiber, P22 for ash content, P and Mn, P34 for collar diameter and nitrogen free extract, P29 for K, P20 for Ca, P16 for Mg, P18 for Fe and P14 for Cu content. High heritability pooled with high genetic gain was observed for germination percentage; plant height and total fresh biomass, ether extract, crude fiber, P, Zn, S, Fe and Mn. Correlation coefficients, path coefficient and principle component analysis exhibited high variability among progenies. Genetic diversity of mother trees was assessed using SSR markers. Sixteen out of 20 SSR markers gave amplification of which all 16 markers gave polymorphism. On average, 3.75 alleles/per SSR were amplified in each mother tree. The overall similarity coefficient was 0.82 where M1 and M3 were distantly related.ThesisItem Open Access PROVENANCE VARIATION IN Ulmus villosa BRANDIS(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-06-21) MAST RAM NEGI; TARA GUPTAABSTRACT The present research entitled “Provenance Variation in Ulmus villosa Brandis” was carried out during 2022-22 in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). The study was carried out from naturally population of Ulmus villosa Brandis in the four valleys of Himachal Pradesh viz., Balh, Kullu, Pabber and Kinnaur valley. For the present study, field survey was carried out and Randomized Block Design (RBD) and completely Randomized Design (CRD) were used to analyse the data. Jadh provenance showed maximum tree height (31.06 m) crown spread (13.91 m) whereas Nichar provenance showed maximum clear bole height (3.10 m) and crown area (35.80 m2). Trees and shrubs grown as associates with Ulmus villosa were counted and 19 woody species were recorded. Jhidi provenance of Kullu valley excelled for percent for regeneration success (3.75%). Seed germination percentage was maximum in P3 (90) whereas maximum seedling survival percentage was observed in P1 (86.40). On the basis of progeny performances most of the provenances showed significant variability for height, collar diameter and number of branches, number of leaves and leaf length. In case of heartwood, maximum specific gravity (0.66) was observed in P6 (Nichar) and P5 (Jagoti). Among different provenances, maximum percentage cold water extractives (6.18) was observed in P2 Jugahan) and maximum percentage of hot water extractives (8.76) was recorded in P5 (Jagoti), which was at par with other 3 provenances namely P6 (Nichar) P4 (Andhra) P3 (Jhidi). Maximum percentage alcohol-benzene extractives was recorded from P5 (Jagoti), whereas holocellulose content was highest (71.42) in P1 (Jadh) provenance. Maximum percentage of lignin content was registered from P6 (Nichar). Heritability (broad sense) (0.84) and genetic gain (21.07%) was estimated maximum for collar diameter. Genetic advance was estimated for seedling height (23.69). The nursery growth characters namely and seedling height were significantly correlated with collar diameter and leaf length. The information obtained from provenance evaluations can frame the basis for further tree improvement programme on Ulmus villosa BrandisThesisItem Open Access MORPHOGENETIC VARIATION FOR LEAF FODDER QUALITY PARAMETERS IN POPULATIONS OF Grewia optiva DRUMMOND(2023-08-25) JYOTI DHIMAN; HARI PAL SANKHYANABSTRACT The present investigation, entitled "Morphogenetic variation for leaf fodder quality parameters in populations of Grewia optiva Drummond" was conducted during 2020–2023 in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, College of Forestry, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.). This investigation was conducted in the four altitudinal ranges (400 to 800 m (A1), 801–1200 m (A2), 1201–1600 m (A3), and 1601-2000 m (A4) above mean sea level (a msl)) of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Four major experiments were conducted viz., morphological and genetic diversity of Grewia optiva Drummond, physiochemical properties of soil, variation in fodder quality characteristics and molecular markerbased analysis of the best studied material of this species. All physiochemical soil properties declined as soil depth increased from 0 to 15 cm to 15 to 30 cm, with the exception of bulk density and particle density. The proportions of soil organic carbon, soil nitrogen and soil porosity increased from A1 to A4 altitudinal zone. Based on useful and desired characteristics of both morphometric and fodder quality parameters six populations, i.e., Harsar, Sujanpur Tihra, Sihunta, Kutuldi, Jagdhar and Sangrah and altitudinal zone A4 (1600-2000m) reported as best for further selection and tree breeding program. These populations reported with more than 23 per cent crude protein. Variability estimates, genetic parameters, correlation and divergence studies exhibited high variability between and among populations. 15 genotypes DH1 (Dharot 1), DH2 (Dharot 2), DH4 (Dharot 4), HR1 (Harasar 1), ST1 (Sujanpur Tihra 1), DR1 (Dramman 1), DR2 (Dramman 2), NR4 (Neri 4), DA3 (Daggar 4), BA3 (Basal 3), KU1 (Kutuldi), SI2 (Sihunta 2), SI3 (Sihunta 3), KT1 (Kuthar 1) and KT2 (Kuthar 2)) were identified based on seedling growth and fodder quality characteristics at 18 months old seedlings. Only two of the 10 ISSR primers, i.e., UBC 809 and UBC 820 were amplified and generated a banded pattern. Maximum variation was observed in the progeny of the DA3 (Daggar) and DH2 (Dharot) genotypes. Morphological and genetic variation can be used to select suitable genotypes in accordance with the domestication process of this important multipurpose species, to develop further hybridization work and for mass multiplication of selected superior nutritive selectionsThesisItem Open Access SCREENING OF MORPHOVARIANTS AND PROPAGATION TECHNIQUES IN Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees. IN HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-10-03) SHREISHTHA SINGH; H P SANKHYANABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Screening of morphovariants and propagation techniques in Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees in Himachal Pradesh“ was conducted at the experimental field of the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, College of Forestry, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni,Solan (H.P) during the years 2019-2023. Twelve Maggar bans populations were selected according to flowering cycle and morphometric traits in four different altitudinal zones in Himachal Pradesh. Seed and germination parameters, morphometric traits and nursery growth parameters were analyzed for assessment of population structure genetic diversity. It was concluded that maximum values of all morphometric traits viz. clump height, clump diameter (26.38 m), number of culm in clump (93.20), internodal length cm (29.82 cm), number of nodes (67.34), leaf length cm (19.92 cm), culm length (32.02 m), branch length (42.65 cm), leaf width (1.76 cm) are maximum for S1 (Jukhala) followed by S2 (Sujanpurtira) whereas biomass with maximum values of (40.84 kg) at S4 (Chabutra) followed by S3 (Kallar ) with identical values (40.62 kg) which comes in altitudinal zone A1 (300-600 m) and A2(300-600 m) Germination index (88.79 %), seed length (73.83 %), seed germination (72.87 %) and all morphometric traits have high heritabilities, these characters could be considered for selection for further breeding and conservation purposes. Maximum mean values of nursery growth parameters were observed in altitudinal zone 1 and minimum in altitudinal zone 4, maximum values for collar diameter (1.34 mm), root length (13.54 cm), leaf length (11.57 cm), leaf width (2.63 cm), leaf area (14.37 cm2) were observed in S1 (Jukhala). Assessment of natural regeneration status concluded that the Pure bamboo very pure bamboo type of bamboo density classes was found in altitudinal zone 1. All altitudinal zones have culm size of more than 8 cm. Green sound and green damaged type of culm habit observed in altitudinal zone 1, whereas, green sound and green damaged and dry damaged type of culm habit was observed in remaining altitudinal zones. Seedlings originated from seed was found to show maximum survival and propagation through seed was found to be the appropriate method of propagation after macroproliferation. Macroproliferation yields 16 seedlings from single propagaule in year with 100% survival, turns out to be a noteworthy propagation technique. Assessment of soil physicochemical parameters concludes that all soil parameters were nonsignificant among populations across altitudinal zones. Ten individuals are selected on the basis of cluster based on morphometric parameters. SSR molecular marker characterization further helps in identification of individual genotypes (identification no 1,2,7,8) that were highly diverse, which can be used for successful breeding and conservation programsThesisItem Open Access HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY AND GENE ACTION STUDIES IN Morus alba L.(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-09) NEGI, ANMOL; THAKUR, SANJEEVABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Heterosis, combining ability and gene action studies in Morus alba L.” was carried out in the Department of Tree improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2019-2022. There is collection of Morus alba genotypes from various states of North India viz; Uttrakhand and J&K. Those were maintained in the clonal orchard from which nine genotypes were included in the study and the plant material of 5 females (S30, Phillipines, K2M5, S41 and M5) and 4 male (China white, S1531, S799 and S1307) genotypes were control crossed using Line x Tester (5 x 4 factorial) mating design. Seedlings of control crosses were raised in the mist chamber and were evaluated for morphological and growth characters. Out of twenty controlled crosses attempted all the crosses successfully produced viable seeds. The per cent successful crosses were highest cross K2M5 × China White (93.33%). Maximum germination percentage (89.47%) was recorded for cross involving K2M5 × S1307. Maximum survival percentage was in Phillipines × S1531 (98.56%). Line × Tester analysis for combining ability revealed that among lines S41 followed by Phillipines and K2M5, and among testers S1307 and China White were found to be good general combiners for most of the characters. On the basis of heterosis over better parent, mean performance and significant desirable SCA effects for morphological characters, the combinations S41 × China White, S41 × S1307 and M5 × China White were found to be the most promising. The gene action study revealed the importance of both additive as well as non-additive gene effects in the inheritance with preponderance of non- additive gene action. High heritability along with expected genetic gain and high genotypic coefficient of variability were observed for crude protein, nitrogen content and leaf dry weight. These estimates indicated ample opportunities for improvement through selection of best genotypes. Out of 15 ISSR primers three primers were successful in verifying hybridityThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF Punica granatum L. (WILD POMEGRANATE)(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-07) Divya; Gupta, TaraABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on Genetic Improvement of Punica granatum L. (wild pomegranate)” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during 2019-2022. Four site viz., Narag (S1), Waknaghat (S2), Jonaji (S3) and Nauni (S4), each with three genotypes, were selected for reproductive studies and the data obtained was analysed using suitable methods i.e. CRD for laboratory experiments and RBD for field experiments. Hybridization was carried out using three lines at Narag site and nine tester from threes sites viz., Waknaghat (S2), Jonaji (S3) and Nauni (S4), each site with three testers, followed by testing of paternity through ISSR markers. Results revealed that the genotypes of the site Waknaghat and Jonaji showed early flowering as compared to genotypes of the site Narag and Nauni. Leaf size (leaf length=4.59 cm; leaf width=2.25 cm and leaf area= 5.89 cm2) and flower size (petal length=20.16 mm and number of stamens=360.84) at Narag were better than the other selected sites. Pollen viability was maximum (84.02 %) for the genotypes at Nauni site, however germination of fresh pollen (72.40 %) and stored pollen (36.52 %) was highest for the Narag site. Results of the hybridization study revealed that cross S1G3×S2G3 performed best for the physical fruit characters viz., fruit length (5.82 cm), fresh fruit weight (84. 65 gm), fresh rind weight (43.40 gm), fresh aril weight (41.25 gm) and number of arils per fruit (303.25), and for total soluble solids (16.59 °B). cross S1G2×S2G2 performed best for nursery growth characters at later stages viz., twelve months (plant height=70.90 cm; collar diameter=5.16 mm and number of leaves per plant=211.47) and eighteen months of age (plant height=83.67 cm; collar diameter=7.38 mm; number of leaves per plant=284.07 and leaf width=2.59 cm). Tester S2G1 and S2G2 were better combiner among all the testers for plant height, collar diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf area and petiole length. Additive variance was higher than the dominance variance and contribution of testers was higher than the line and Line × Tester interaction for all nursery characters except for the number of branched per plant at eighteen months of age. Number of leaves per plant showed maximum heritability, however maximum genetic gain was estimated for the leaf area, due to the greater phenotypic variation in the leaf area as compared to the number of leaves per plant. S1G1×S2G1, S1G2×S2G2, S1G2×S2G3, S1G3×S2G1, S1G3×S2G2 and S1G3×S3G2 cross showed positive heterosis over better parent for all nursery growth characters. ISSR primers viz., ISSR-UBC-811, ISSR-UBC-823, ISSR-UBC-827, ISSR-UBC-836, ISSR-UBC-840, ISSR-1, ISSR-3 and ISSR-8 were helpful in the confirmation of paternity of the hybrids. The finding of present study can be utilized for pomegranate breeding programme through pollen collection from early flowering genotypes, selection of suitable parents on the basis of their combining abilities and paternity testing by ISSR markersThesisItem Open Access CROSSABILITY STUDIES IN Bauhinia SPECIES(UHF,NAUNI, 2021-06) MONGA, RAJESH; GUPTA, TARAABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Crossability studies in Bauhinia species” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during the year 2018-2020. The plant materials of 9 genotypes (5 Lines, V1toV5 × 4 Testers, P1toP4) were subjected to controlled crossing. Seeds so obtained were sown in polybags to raise and evaluate the progeny seedlings under CRD. Maximum fruit set of 47.01 percent was recorded from V2×P2 Signature of the Student Signature of Major Advisor Countersigned Professor and Head Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni-173 230, Solan (H.P.) whereas the lesser fruit set of 25.33 percent was registered by the cross combinations V3×P3, V5×P2, V5×P3. Regarding the seed germination maximum percentage (70.61) was obtained from V1×P1 cross. The hybrid seedlings of V4×P1 have been found to perform better consistently from the age of three months up to one year for growth characters namely height and collar diameter. The progenies of V4×P4, V4×P2 and V2×P4 have also performed well for the nursery stage growth characters. The general combining ability in relation to progeny performance revealed that line V4 followed by V3 has maximum positive effect for seedling growth parameters whereas testers P3, P4 and P2 were found to be good combiners. The genotypes of the crosses V1×P4 and V4×P1 were found to be the best for their specific combining abilities (SCA) in accordance with the juvenile growth of their hybrids. However non significant positive SCA was recorded for collar diameter, leaf area and number of leaves. High heritability with genetic advance was found for seedling height and leaf area suggesting that these characters can be good indicators for juvenile selection. The hybridity of plants was successfully confirmed at molecular level using six RAPD primers (OPL 08, OPA 16, OPO 17, OPC 08, OPF 15 and OPS 03).