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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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20108
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Subject: Microbiology × End date: 2010 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON PRODUCTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF BACILLUS SPECIES
    (DR. YASHWNAT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI SOLAN, 2010) THAKURM NAVDEEP; SHRIKOT, C.K
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIODEGRADATION OF PINE NEEDLES (Pinus roxburghii) WITH MIXED CULTURE UNDER SOLID STATE FERMENTATION
    (2010) TANDON, DIVYA; SHARMA, NIVEDITA
    ABSTRACT The growing populations, rapid increase in industrialization, moderinization of agricultural, house hold practices as well as transportation have tremendous impact on our environment and this also increased the demand for energy especially for liquid fuel. Various pretreatments of acid and alkali were given to pine needles in order to enhance the rate of biodegradation, among all the pretreatments, NaOH+H2O2 were found to be the best pretreatment. Bioconversion of pine needles into fermentable sugars by employing potential cellulolytic and xylanolytic fungal cultures may be proven as a major step in this direction.Three fungal culture were used for biodegradation and identified as F. oxysporum, P. notatum and A. niger. Sets of three designs were used for biodegradation i.e. single culture, culture consortium and sequential culture for biodegradation of pine needles. Among the three sets, single culture (A.niger) showed maximum biodegradation in terms of enzyme activity, biodegradation index and percent hydrolysis. Biodegradation was apparently increased when tap water was replaced with modified BSM. The enhanced biodegradation of pine needles can be utilized further for bioconversion studies, which is prerequisite for any lignocellulosic waste utilizing biotech industry.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES PRODUCED BY PLANT BENEFICIAL PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES S
    (2010) RATHORE, ROHIT; KAUR, MOHINDER
    Abstract Under the present study the aim was to isolate and identify and select native plant beneficial fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. producing antifungal activity from apple and pear growing in normal and replant sites of Chamba district. They all were also screened out for the production of other direct and indirect plant growth promoting activities viz; siderophores, HCN, Ammonia, P-solubilizing, lytic enzymes, in vitro and plant growth regulators viz; auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins, so as to select potential strains to be further developed and used as inoculants for management of replant problem of apple and pear. Almost all the ten isolates of Pseudomonas sp. showing antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum (27.5 to 48.2% growth inhibition), Dematophora sp.(38.4 to 56.9%) and Pythium sp. (33.3 to 53.3%), except two isolates, (AR-4-Cha and AN-2-Cha) did not show inhibitory activity against Pythium sp. All isolates showed production of siderophores (16-20 mm, diameter of yellow zone) and 21.42 to 47.61% siderophore unit), P-solubilizing activity (15 to 23 mm diameter of yellow zone and (27 to 87 μg\ml available orthophosphate) HCN and ammonia (++ to +++++), lytic enzymes proteases (15-21 mm dia of clear zone) and plant growth regulators ie auxins (7-30 μg\ml), gibberellins (21-60 μg\ml) and cytokinins (80-150 μg\ml). Ethyl acetate extracted antifungal metabolites from acidic supernatant of all the isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. showed inhibition of growth of mycelia of Fusarium oxysporum (46.5 to 55.1%), Dematophora sp. (44.6 to 56.9%) and Pythium sp. (40.0 to 48.3%) on malt extract agar. All the exttact also showed siderophore activity on and in CAS agar and broth in the range of 15 to 22 mm dia. of yellow\orange zone and 8.47 to 28.81%SU. Thin layer chromatographic analysis of extracted antifungal metabolites showed Rf value in the range of 0.68 to 0.76 and development of orange spot after spraying with P-anisaldehyde reagent. Also UV-Visible spectrum of all extract showed maximum absorbance at 270nm. According to literature it was concluded that all the extracted antifungal metabolites may belongs to group of broad spectrum antibiotic i.e. 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, which is effective in controlling the soil borne root diseases of plants.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT AND PRELIMINARY CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING DIVERSITY OF FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONAS SP. IN NORMAL AND REPLANT SITES OF APPLE AND PEAR
    (2010) THAKUR, DEEPSHIKHA; KAUR, MOHINDER
    ABSTRACT Under the present study, an attempt was made to isolate and characterize the Phosphate solubilizing strains of Pseudomonas sp. from the rhizosphere of normal and replant sites of apple and pear from different locations of tehsil Nankhari, district Shimla. The aim of the study was to select and develop best PGPR strain of fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. for management of replant problem. The thirty Pseudomonas isolates were screened out for phosphate solubilizing potential along with other plant growth promoting activities such as siderophore production, antifungal activity, proteolytic activity, HCN and ammonia production, production of plant growth regulators i.e. auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins. Out of thirty isolates five isolates were selected for further characterization and optimization of cultural conditions for mass multiplication of microbial biomass and preparation of inoculums for field trials. The best levels of these factors were NBRI-P, 48 h of incubation time, 28 ºC temperature and pH 7.0.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INTERACTION BETWEEN PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) AND SOIL BORNE PATHOGEN (Pythium spp.) OF TOMATO
    (2010) SHARMA, VASUNDHARA; SHIRKOT, C.K.
    ABSTRACT Free living plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used in a variety of ways when plant growth enhancements are required. Interest in biological control of plant pathogen have been stimulated in recent years by trends in agriculture towards greater sustainability and public concern about the use of hazardous pesticides. There is now unequivocal evidence that antibiotics play a key role in the suppression of various soil borne plant pathogens by antagonistc microorganisms. In the present study, bacterial isolates were tested for plant growth promoting traits viz., phosphate solubilization, siderophore production and antagonism against Pythium aphanidermatum and Alternaria solani, the disease causing pathogens of tomato ( Solanum lycopesicum L.). Fourteen isolates were selected as representatives by modified replica plating technique from the rhizosphere soil and roots of the tomato seedlings in nursery at different sites of Palampur H.P. These fourteen isolates were selected for screening of the above mentioned traits. An isolate THS II showed multifarious plant growth promoting activities along with phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. Isolate THS II was selected for further studies on production of antifungal antibiotic activity with culture filtrate. The production reached its peak in 72 h and optimum pH was 6.5 respectively. Effect of bacterial antagonists on rhizosphere and endophytic bacterial population densities, plant growth response and nutrient status of plant was also investigated. Endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial population was recorded maximum when seeds were treated with inoculants as compare to untreated control. Among four bacterial strains, germination parameters, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight, N, P, and K content of soil and whole shoot system was found more in THS II bacterial isolate. Therefore, THS II strain had considerable colonization and competitive ability and it could be used as a biofertillizers or biocontrol agent.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SELECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RHIZOSPHERIC AND ENDOPHYTIC MICROORGANISMS OF Prunus avium
    (2010) SHYAM, VINEET; KAUSHAL, RAJESH
    ABSTRACT Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are root-colonizing bacteria that exert beneficial effects on plant growth and development by direct and indirect mechanisms.. Some of these PGPR can also establish endophytic associations. During the present investigation attempts were made to isolate and characterize the rhizospheric and endophytic microorganisms of Prunus avium. The isolated bacterial strains were characterized for plant growth promoting activities such as nitrogen fixation, phosphorous solubilization, siderophore production, antifungal activity, HCN production. Out of 14 purified isolates, VS2, VS6, VS9 isolates were selected for net house experiment, as they possess maximum attributes like P-solubilization, siderophore production, auxin production, HCN production and antagonism against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium aphanidermatum. The isolates belong to genus Bacillus. The isolates were also capable of hydrolyzing tri-calcium phosphate in solid and liquid PVK medium. Seed bacterization with the selected isolates increased the growth, nutrition uptake in cherry plants under net house conditions. The bacterial treatments significantly increased the shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight and root dry weight over uninoculated plants. The available N, P and K content was found more in treated seedlings. These three strains have considerable colonization and competitive ability. Thus proving to be an ecofriendly, economical and more sustainable option in reducing the excessive use of expensive fertilizers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ENHANCED XYLANASE PRODUCTION BY MUTANT STRAINS OF Bacillus macerans IN SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF APPLE POMACE
    (2010) GULERIA, SHIVANI; SHIRKOT, C.K.
    ABSTRACT Industrial attention towards xylanase hyper production has consistently increased over the years, due to its potential use in several biotechnological applications such as use in clarification of juices, wine industries, poultry diets, animal feed, production of ethanol and application in biofuel. The present study is concerned with the improvement of wild strain of Bacillus macerans for enhanced xylanase production using physical mutagen (ultraviolets rays) and chemical mutagens (ethidium bromide (0.1-2.0 mg/ml) and ethyl methanesulfonate (5-70 mg/ml)). Seventy five isolates were selected on the basis of clear zones of xylan hydrolysis and change in morphology. Only one mutant (E5) with hyper xylanase production was obtained after treating wild strain with EMS (70 mg/ml) for 50 miniutes which gave 14.87 U/ml enzyme activity. Two mutants M5 (UV mutant) and M11 2 (UV & Et Br mutant) with decreased xylanase activity were also selected for further studies. Maximum enzyme production (14.87 U/ml) for mutant E5 was observed, when fermentation medium, supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract and pH 8.0 was incubated at 35°C for 72 h with 1.0% inoculun size and xylan as carbon source. Mutant E5 resulted in 22.99 per cent increase over wild strain in xylanase activity in liquid medium and 11.96 per cent increase was observed in solid state fermentation with apple pomace as substrate under optimized conditions. The results obtained in the present study, indicate towards the effectiveness of alkalophilic and hyper xylanae producing mutant strain of Bacillus macerans (E5) and its possible applicability in paper and pulp industry.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS AND RELIMINARY CHARACTERIZATION OF LYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCING FLURESCENT PSEUDOMONAS DIVERSITY ASSOCIATED WITH APPLE AND PEAR
    (2010) SONI, RUCHI; KAUR, MOHINDER
    ABSTRACT The replant problem is becoming very serious problem in horticulture crops. It is distributed worldwide and is often encountered in establishing new orchards on old sites. Under the present study an attempt was made for the isolation and characterization of indigenous plant beneficial Pseudomonas species from the rhizosphere soil of apple and pear in normal and replant sites so as to select and develop more efficient indigenous lytic enzymes producing strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas species i.e. Protease, Chitinase and 1,3 glucanase etc. The main objectives were isolation , enumeration and identification of indigenous fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. associated with apple and pear growing in orchards of UHF Campus, Distt. Solan and preliminary evaluation of lytic enzymes. According to their potential for production of different growth promotion activities, best strains were selected. Maximum production of all PGPR activities were recorded in AN-1-UHF, AN- 5-UHF, PN-7-UHF and PN-13-UHF along with proteolytic activities. Maximum production of proteolytic activity by these potential strains were found to be in nutrient broth. Proteases were concentrated and purified by ammonium sulphate (65%), acetone (65%) , Sephadex G-200 column chromatography and achieved 46.7, 31.6, 17.2, 32.5 folds increase in activities respectively in AN-1- UHF, AN-5-UHF, PN-7-UHF and PN-13-UHF. Partially purified proteases from these strains showed antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas sp. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cerus and antifungal activity against Dematophora sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria sp. and Pythium sp. indicating that partially purified proteases have inhibitory activity against different indicator tests strains. These strains will be used further for characterization and development of consortium for field trials and management of replant problem of apple and pear