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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEWLY INTRODUCED STUDIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEWLY INTRODUCED STUDIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEWLY INTRODUCED STUDIES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEWLY INTRODUCED CULTIVARS OF APPLE (MALUS × DOMESTICA BORKH.) UNDER HIGH HILL CONDITIONS OF KINNAUR (H.P). HIGH HILL CONDITIONS OF KINNAUR (H.P).(UHF,NAUNI, 2013) SINGH, JAGSIR; THAKUR, B.S.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on the performance of some newly introduced cultivars of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) under high hill conditions of Kinnaur (H.P.)” were carried out to study the performance of 9 apple cultivars at Progeny Cum Demonstration Orchard, Boktu, district Kinnaur for their suitability for commercial cultivation. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with five replications at a spacing of 3 x 3 m during 2011-2012. The observations were recorded on various growth parameters like plant height, plant spread, trunk girth, annual shoot growth, flowering, fruit set, fruit drop, yield and physico-chemical characteristics of fruit. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among all the cultivars for all the characters under study. Among different cultivars ‘Golden Spur’ recorded maximum increment in trunk girth (17.44 mm). Plant height (4.82 m), plant spread (4.58 m) and tree volume (45.97 m 3 ) was highest in ‘Red Chief’. The varieties namely Gale Gala, Coe Fuji, Red Fuji and Golden Spur had spreading tree habit while others had upright growth. Bud swell was earliest in ‘Golden Spur’ (23-03). The highest fruit set (88.00 %) was in ‘Golden Spur’ and lowest in ‘Oregon Spur-II’ (58.50 %). The spur varieties were early in maturity compared to the non spur varieties. Highest yield was recorded in ‘Oregon Spur-II’ (38.70 kg/tree). The varieties were characterized as dwarf (Scarlet Spur, Super Chief and Oregon Spur-II), semi-vigorous (Gale Gala, Coe Fuji, Red Fuji and Red Chief) and vigorous (Granny Smith and Golden Spur).ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF 2,4-D, UREA AND ZINC SULPHATE ON FRUIT DROP, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF KINNOW MANDARIN(2013) PRASAD, HEERENDRA; TOMAR, C.S.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Effect of foliar application of 2,4-D, urea and zinc sulphate on fruit drop, yield and fruit quality of Kinnow mandarin” was carried out in the Horticultural Regional Research Station, Dhaulakuan, Sirmour, of Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during the year 2011-2012. The experiment was laid down in Randomized Block Design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The study comprises of one experiment in which Kinnow trees under investigation were subjected to treatments of 1 per cent urea, 0.4 per cent zinc sulphate, 20ppm 2,4-D and their combination. The results revealed that the foliar application of 1 per cent urea, 0.4 per cent zinc sulphate and 2,4-D- 20ppm combination resulted in highest tree growth, fruit retention, yield and fruit quality and lowest fruit drop in comparison to control. It was found that leaf nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Cu) were also recorded maximum in trees treated with 1 per cent urea 0.4 per cent zinc sulphate and 2,4-D- 20ppm combination treatment. Maximum leaf iron content was recorded in trees treated with 1 per cent urea and 0.4 per cent zinc sulphate combination. Whereas, trees sprayed with 0.4 per cent zinc sulphate and 2,4-D- 20ppm gave highest leaf Zn content and maximum leaf Mn found with treatment1 per cent urea and 2,4-D- 20ppm combination.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF STRAWBERRY (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) CULTIVARS UNDER MID-HILL CONDITIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(2013) SAHU, ANKITA; CHANDEL, J.S.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on the comparative performance of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars under mid-hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh” was conducted at the experimental field of Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during the years 2012 and 2013. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design consisting of 13 cultivars replicated thrice. In this experiment different strawberry varieties (viz. Chandler, Camarosa, Confictura, Ofra, Festival, Sweet Charlie, Douglas, Ventana, Selva, Gorella, Pajaro, Eclair and Sequoia) were used. The results revealed that the cultivars Festival and Camarosa were best with respect to the plant height and leaf area. The cultivars Sweet Charlie and Ofra were earliest to flower and the duration of flowering was longest in ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’. The cultivars Chandler, Sweet Charlie, Festival and Camarosa stand promising with respect to fruit yield and fruit size. The TSS content was highest in ‘Sweet Charlie’ and ‘Ofra’. The cv. Sweet Charlie also recorded the lowest acid content. While, Sequoia recorded the highest anthocyanin content, followed by cultivars Camarosa and Festival.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION IN ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN STONE FRUIT ORCHARDS OF SOLAN AND SIRMOUR DISTRICTS(2013) RASGOTRA, NIPUN; SHARMA, SOM DEVABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Spatial and temporal variation in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in stone fruit orchards of Solan and Sirmour district” were conducted at said districts of Himachal Pradesh. Fourteen AM species were identified and characterized. Glomus spp. were the most ubiquitous. Spore population of G. fasciculatum was highest followed by G. mosseae and G. macrocarpum in all the orchards. Summer season was found most preferable (as root colonization and spore density was higher) for arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi proliferation as compared to spring and autumn seasons. Survey of stone fruit orchards for soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi revealed positive correlation of AM spore number and per cent root colonization with growth, fruit yield and nutrient status of leaf and soil except K, where negative correlation was observed in most of the orchards. AM spore number and per cent root colonization were positively correlated with fungal species and relationship with bacterial species was found negative.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC EVALUATION AND POLLINATION BEHAVIOR OF DIFFERENT CITRUS SPECIES(2013) SURENDER, KUMAR; SHARMA, GIRISHABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Genetic evaluation and pollination behavior of different citrus species” were carried out at the Experimental Orchard, Regional Horticulture Research Station (RHRS), Dhaulakuan, District Sirmour (HP) and the Department of Fruit Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2010-2012. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. Evaluation and pollination studies in seventeen citrus cultivars were carried out. The plant growth characterstics, flowering duration, pollen viability and germinability, fruit set under different modes of pollination viz., selfing by bagging, hand self pollination, open pollination and artificial cross pollination was determined. Fruit characters namely fruit size, weight, colour, peel thickness, seed number per fruit, TSS, total sugar and titratable acidity were observed. It was observed that ‘Kinnow’ (Mandarin group), ‘Valencia Late’, ‘Valencia Campbell’ (Sweet orange group) and ‘Baramasi’ (Lime and lemon) performed best for plant growth characteristics, flowering duration, anthesis, stigma receptivity and fruit characteristics. Pollen germination in mandarins, sweet orange and lime and lemon cultivars was highest in ‘Emperor’ (57.4%), Blood Red (57.45%) and ‘Kagzi Kalan’ (54.9%), after 48 hours in 15 per cent solution. Pollination studies (self, hand self and open pollination) indicated that ‘Kinnow’ (Mandarin), ‘Valencia Late’, ‘Mosambi’ (Sweet orange) and ‘Baramasi’ (Lime and lemon) resulted in highest fruit set among all the cultivars. Inter-crossing of different citrus cultivars revealed that ‘Kinnow’ in Mandarin group, ‘Valencia Late’ and ‘Mosambi’ in Sweet orange group and ‘Baramasi’ in lime and lemons were most cross compatible cultivars and they were having high fruit weight, thin peel and low seed number per fruit and physicchemical characters. Hence, on the basis of present studies it is concluded that ‘Kinnow’ in mandarin group, ‘Valencia Late’ and ‘Mosambi’ in sweet orange group and ‘Baramasi’ in lime and lemon are best for most of the horticultural traits.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN WILD AND CULTIVATED POMEGRANATE (Punica granatum L.)(2013) SANGMA, DONALD M.; THAKUR, DINESH S.ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on hybridization between wild and cultivated pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)” was conducted at pomegranate blocks, Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan and the research farm of Horticultural Research Station, Kandaghat during 2012. Five cultivars namely Ganesh, G-137, Kandhari Kabuli, Bhagwa, Mridula and two wild pomegranate (Daru) germplasm accessions namely NT-1 and MH-1 were used for pollen and hybridization studies. Pollen viability was assessed by acetocarmine stain (2%), tetrazolium stain (1%) and erythrosin B stain (0.1%). The pollen viability in acetocarmine ranged from 86.38 to 97.81 per cent whereas in tetrazolium and erythrosin B, pollen viability varied from 88.27 to 95.13 per cent and 83.34 to 92.15 per cent respectively. Maximum pollen germination was obtained in 10 per cent sucrose solution after 72 hours with 42.34 per cent germination and minimum (2.17%) was recorded in 20 per cent sucrose solution at 72 hours. Some pomegranate cultivars/wild germplasm accessions showed no germination after 24, 48 and 72 hours in different concentrations of sucrose. Amongst all the cross combinations attempted the highest (79.09%) fruit set was observed in Bhagwa x NT-1 and minimum fruit set was recorded in MH-1 x G- 137 (57.76 %). Fruit retention ranged from 10.34 to 30.09 per cent in all the cross combinations. Seed germination from hybrid seeds ranged from 0.00 to 19.43 per cent in all cross combinations. The total of 247 seedlings of different cross combinations has been raised under polyhouse conditions. From present investigations it may be concluded that there is, thus, an absolute need to continue further work in respect of raising, screening and evaluation of the resultant hybrid progeny to select promising genotypes resistant to bacterial blight.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND IBA ON THE ROOTING OF CUTTINGS IN KIWIFRUIT (Actinidia deliciosa Chev.)(2013) SHARMA, NEHA; RANA, VISHAL S.ABSTRACT The present investigation on the “Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and IBA on the rooting of cuttings in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa Chev.)” was conducted under polyhouse conditions in kiwifruit block of the Department of Fruit Science. The entire programme of study was divided into two experiments. The experiments were laid out according to Randomized Block Design with 3 replications per treatment. The experiment-I was carried out on hardwood cuttings of kiwifruit cultivar Allison and comprised of nine treatments viz., T1 (IBA 5000ppm), T2 (PGPR-I), T3 (PGPRII), T4 (PGPR-I + IBA 4000ppm), T5 (PGPR-II + IBA 4000ppm), T6 (PGPR-I + IBA 3000ppm), T7 (PGPR-II + IBA 3000ppm), T8 (PGPR-I + IBA 2000ppm) and T9 (PGPR-II + IBA 2000ppm). In experiment-II all the above mentioned nine treatments were given to the semi-hardwood cuttings of kiwifruit. The treatment IBA 5000ppm recorded best root characteristics in terms of (per cent rooted cutting, primary roots, secondary roots, length of roots, total root length, root biomass); shoot characteristics in terms of shoot length, shoot diameter, shoot biomass and leaf characteristics in terms of number of leaves and leaf area in hardwood as well as semi-hardwood cuttings. This treatment also resulted in maximum net benefit per 100 cutting basis in comparison to other treatments. Among two types of cuttings hardwood cuttings exhibited best results with respect to root characteristics, however semi-hardwood cuttings gave better results with respect to shoot and leaf characteristics.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. CHANDLER(2013) SEKHAR, SWAMY R.; MEHTA, KULDEEPABSTRACT The present experiment was laid out in the experimental orchard of the Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, NauniSolan (HP). The experiment consisted of 19 treatments with three replications laid out in Randomized Block Design. The growth regulators applied were Pro.Ca (T1=30 ppm, T2 = 60 ppm, T3 = 90 ppm), CPPU (T4 = 2 ppm, T5 = 4 ppm, T6 = 6 ppm), GA3 (T7 = 25 ppm, T8 = 50 ppm, T9 = 75 ppm), Ethephon (T10 = 50 ppm, T11 = 100 ppm, T12 = 150 ppm), NAA (T13 = 20 ppm, T14 = 30 ppm, T15 = 60 ppm), CPPU + GA3 (T16 = 2+50 ppm, T17 = 4+50 ppm, T18 = 6+50 ppm) and T19 control. The results revealed that growth regulators significantly improved plant growth, runners production, flowering, fruit set, yield and fruit quality. The plants treated with GA3 75 ppm recorded highest plant height, petiole length, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, plant spread, number of runners per plant, days taken for initiation of flowering, total soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars and acidity. The highest chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, duration of flowering, number of flowers per plant, fruit set, fruits per plant, fruit yield (gram per plant), fruit length, fruit breadth and fruit weight were observed with the application of CPPU 6 ppm + GA3 50 ppm, whereas the highest non reducing sugars were recorded with CPPU 6 ppm and maximum anthocyanin content was recorded with GA3 50 ppm.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PRECONDITIONING TREATMENTS, SIZE OF CUTTINGS, PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AND IBA ON ROOTING IN CUTTINGS OF APPLE ( Malus x domestica Borkh.) CLONAL ROOTSTOCK MERTON 793(2013) VERMA, PRAMOD; CHAUHAN, P.S.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of preconditioning treatments, size of cuttings, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and IBA on rooting in cuttings of apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) clonal rootstock Merton 793” were undertaken in net house condition of Fruit Nursery Block of Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan H.P. during 2012-13. Four experiments were laid out in randomized block design. In Experiment I cuttings of length ranging from 15 cm to 45 cm and diameter ranging from 0.75 to 1.50 cm, in order to study the effect of different size of cuttings on rooting in cuttings. The results revealed that the cuttings with treatment combination of L – 35 cm and D – 1.25 – 1.50 cm recorded the highest rooting of cuttings (65 %), number of primary roots (5.00), length of primary roots (28.43 cm), diameter of primary roots (3.25 mm), fresh weight of roots (3.67 g) and dry weight of roots (2.59 g). In Experiment II, the studies on controlled preconditioning storage conditions (growth chamber) and IBA treatments on rooting of cuttings of apple clonal rootstock Merton 793 was carried out. The cuttings stored for 7 days along with IBA 2500 ppm treatment recorded highest rooting percentage, number of primary roots, length and diameter of primary roots, total root length, fresh and dry weight of roots recording 46.67 %, 4.60, 28.60 cm, 2.63 mm, 5.61 m, 2.89 g and 1.83 g, respectively. In Experiment III, the studies on field preconditioning storage conditions (polyhouse) and IBA treatments on rooting of cuttings of apple clonal rootstock Merton 793 was also carried out. The cuttings stored for 7 days along with 2500 ppm IBA treatment resulted in highest rooting percentage of 53.33 % and cuttings stored for 14 days along with IBA 2500 ppm resulted in maximum length and diameter of roots recording 19.88 cm and 2.58 mm, respectively. In Experiment IV, the preliminary studies on the effect of different strains of PGPR alone and in combination with IBA at 1000 ppm on rooting were carried out. The PGPR strains (RG (1)3 – Bacillus sp), B6 – Bacillus licheniformis and R3 (3) – Sirretia sp alone failed to induce any rooting response in cuttings, whereas, the PGPR strains (RG (1)3 – Bacillus sp), B6 – Bacillus licheniformis and R3 (3) – Sirretia sp using IBA 1000 ppm recorded some improvement in rooting recording 10, 15 and 5 % rooting respectively. However IBA 2500 ppm (kept as control) the standard concentration of IBA records the maximum rooting of cuttings of Merton 793, recording 65.00 % rooting. In brief, cuttings of 35 cm length and 1.25 – 1.50 cm diameter were most suitable for propagation. Preconditioning treatment of 7 days in controlled incubator (22ºC) or 7 to 14 days in field condition with IBA 2500 ppm were suitable for helping in rooting of cuttings in Merton 793. PGPR strains failed to induce rooting in cuttings. However, PGPR strains in combination with 1000 ppm induced some rooting in cuttings.