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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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Subject: Basic Sciences × Author: SHARMA, POOJA × Start date: 1986 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A HOLISTIC APPROACH FOR BIOUTILIZATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC WASTE FOR VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2022-12) SHARMA, POOJA; SHARMA, NIVEDITA
    ABSTRACT The present study was carried out to collect, pretreat, separate components from agro-forestry waste biomass of Himachal Pradesh (i.e. Solan, Sirmour, Kangra and Una), their application in biofuel production and as biocontrol agent. Among all the collected waste biomass, agricultural mix was found to have 12.56% lignin, 37.61% holocellulose, forestry mix contained 20.12% of lignin, 35.70% of holocellulose whereas pine needles were analyzed to be composed of 17.22% lignin and 36.90% holocellulose content. After acidic and alkali pretreatments, the lignin and holocellulosic contents of untreated biomass increased up to maximum 30.96% (lignin) and 47.54% (holocellulose) as observed in Organosolv pretreatment of forestry biomass. The pretreated biomass was then utilized separately for nanoparticles synthesis (using lignin) and biofuel production (holocellulosic residue). In- house hyper-cellulase (Bacillus stratosphericus N12) and hyper-xylanase (Bacillus altitudinus Kd1) producing bacteria were screened qualitatively and quantitatively for enzyme production where they showed zone size of 22mm, 21mm on agar plate assay and enzyme activity of 1.69 IU/ml and 4.83 IU/ml respectively. The enzyme cocktail of cellulase and xylanase produced by selected bacterial isolates were further utilized for saccharification of untreated and pretreated agricultural/forestry/pine needle holocellulosic residue and highest reducing sugars were produced by organosolv pretreated agricultural holocellulosic residue (22.53mg/g). Co-culture of yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stiptis was employed for fermentation of saccharified liquor in ratio of 2:1 and ethanol yield was observed to be 28.70g/l for organosolv pretreated forestry holocellulosic residue. Optimization of process parameters for ethanol fermentation was performed by Classical One Factor at a Time (COFAT) approach keeping inoculum size, fermentation pH, incubation time and incubation period in view. Each parameter contributed to increase the yield of ethanol fermentation and achieved highest yield at 28.44 g/l by applying Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology. Lignin based zinc oxide nanoparticles (L-ZnO NPs) were synthesized and characterized by using UV-Vis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), High Resolution Transmission Electrom Microscopy (HRTEM) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) techniques which confirmed their successful formation of nanoparticles, their wurtzite structure, rod shaped morphology and average size of 20-50nm. The L-ZnO NPs were tested in laboratory against 3 phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum and Stemphylium vesicarium) and then the concentration with highest antifungal activity was employed in pot trial experiment on Garlic crop for 60 days trial experiment where the L-ZnO NPs demonstrated strong antagonistic efficacy against the phytopathogenic fungi. The environmentally friendly, cost-effective lignin-derivation from agro-forestry waste, utilization of holocellulosic residue in bioethanol production and subsequent lignin-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticle synthesis process would help in the prod