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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa

In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa. Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex. Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.

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20222
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ROLE OF WOMEN FOR ENHANCING THE SHELF LIFE AND STORAGE MANAGEMENT OF MUSHROOM SPECIES
    (Dr.RPCAU, Pusa, 2022) KUMARI, JYOTI; Kala, Shishir
    Mushroom cultivating before very long will be a productive venture to work on the financial states of ranch families and take care of business issues of both proficient and ignorant of rustic regions and semi-metropolitan, particularly ladies as it is ladies well-disposed calling. It guarantees a consistent pay for country families. The homestead ladies can take up this cultivating as a business venture mode through self-improvement gatherings and in close linkage with Krishi Vigyan Kondras, Research Organizations and State Agricultural Department. Ladies' association in bundling, reviewing, arranging and reaping was viewed as most noteworthy in mushroom cultivating. The mindfulness level in regards to assortments of mushroom for the most part developed in the space was most noteworthy and ladies’ ranchers felt the need of preparing for post-collect administration and promoting was of most extreme need. The mushroom development has an extraordinary potential for strengthening of homestead ladies and upgrade the pay of their family as well as helps in supporting country economy as well as country's economy by sending out to nations having interest for mushroom. The popularity for mushroom in global market can support and lift the feeling of confidence for ladies to take up mushroom as an essential yield for development. The fortune of ladies’ ranchers will positively be switched by taking around this undertaking. The research was directed in Samastipur District of Bihar state. Samastipur is one of the 38 Districts of Bihar in India. The District likewise gloats of a Central Agricultural University in Pusa, notable as Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. From each chose town (Morsand, Thahra Gopalpur, Motipur and Kothia) 15 respondents were chosen by snowball procedure and additional data were assembled with the assistance of individual meeting plan. The fundamental reason for this examination is to assess the ladies mushroom cultivator's maintainability and its effect on their work. Keeping in view the goal of the research related data was assembled relating to financial profile, association of ladies’ mushroom cultivators, information, demeanor and the executive’s practices of ladies’ mushroom producers and important imperatives for their mushroom development. For obtain consequences of the review information were broke down by applying appropriate recipe and factual technique for example rate, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of relationship was applied for getting precision of the outcomes. To examine the factors affecting physical properties of Mushroom, after analysing the data, we found that 37% of female respondent have High knowledge of factors those are affecting physical properties of mushrooms. Around 53% of female respondents have average too high knowledge of physical properties affected of mushroom and 10% of female respondent they have low to average knowledge of factors affecting physical properties of mushroom. After analysis the data we found out that the mean value of all the respondents individual score is equal to 34.58 and median is cool is 34 mood is 33 and the standard deviation is deviated between 3.21. The mean score of respondents 34.58 completely demonstrate that female respondents have average too high knowledge of factors affecting physical properties of mushroom which is a good sign of knowledge. To understand the knowledge and attitude of women mushroom growers regarding storage management, after analysis of data we found that around 52% female respondent have a high knowledge of storage and management of mushrooms which is a plus sign be called in a small place like Pusa and Tajpur this is like very knowledge. 35% of female respondents have moderate knowledge of stories and management of mushroom. 8% of females didn't have very little knowledge about storage and management of mushroom, mean value of female respondent attitude of growing regarding a storage and management is 30.5 it meaning that majority of the female respondent have a high knowledge about the storage management. Mode value is 36, median value is 31 and a standard deviation is 4.26. Knowledge of respondents constrains perceived by mushroom growers regarding mushroom storage management. After analysis of data we found that 46 of respondents have High Knowledge Constraints perceived by Mushroom, 12 respondents have moderate Knowledge Constraints perceived by Mushroom and only 2 respondents have Low Knowledge Constraints perceived by Mushroom. When we see these data in percentage then got that 77% respondents have High Knowledge Constraints perceived by Mushroom, 20% respondents have moderate Knowledge Constrain perceived by Mushroom and 3% respondents have Low Knowledge Constraints perceived by Mushroom.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    production dynamics of food grains in Bihar under temporal framework
    (DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) KUMARI, JYOTI; ROY, ANIRUDDHA
    Using secondary data from 1991–1992 to 2020–2021 and a variety of statistical methodologies, the study calculated the growth rate, instability index, and decomposition analysis of area, production, and yield of foodgrains in Bihar and India. Area under foodgrains was showing negative growth rate in every decade. Production was showing increasing growth rate in first and third decade but in second decade production of foodgrain was showing negative growth rate. Yield of foodgrains was showing positive growth rate in every decade which was the main source of growth in production. Cereals were following the similar trend as of foodgrains. For pulses scenario was somewhat different. Pulse area as well as production was showing negative growth rate in every decade but its yield was showing positive growth rate in first two decade and negative growth rate in last decade. In cereals, area of rice was showing negative growth rate in all the decade but production and yield was showing positive growth rate in first and third decade and negative growth rate in second decade. Area under maize was showing negative growth rate in every decade except in second decade where it was found positive growth rate. Production of maize was showing positive growth rate in all the decades though its yield was also showing positive growth rate in first and third decade and negative growth rate in second decade. Highest instability in area of foodgrains was observed in first decade but production and yield of foodgrains was showing highest instability in second decade. Production of food crops was showing highest instability during the overall study period. Yield effects of crops were contributing more than area effect in increasing foodgrains production. Net cropped area and gross cropped area in Bihar was following decreasing trend due to a decrease in cultivable area. Due to more intensive cultivation, the cropping intensity in Bihar has increased from 138% in2001-02 to 143% in 2018-19.From 2001–2002 to 2018–19, the yield of every crop under investigation increased. The area, production, and yield of foodgrains were predicted using the ARIMA model. The autoregressive (p) and moving average (q) parameters were identified based on significant spike in plot of (PACF) and (ACF) of various time series model. Forecasting was attempted for the years up to 2025–2026. ARIMA (2,1,1) was found the best fit model for area, production and yield of total foodgrains and cereals. This model had forecasted that area under foodgrain production would decrease in coming years but production and yield would increase. Similar pattern was observed in cereals also. For forecasting the area of pulses ARIMA (1,1,1) was found the best fit model. It was found that in the upcoming years, the area under pulses will diminish. Same ARIMA (1,1,1) was used for forecasting the production of pulses but it had revealed that pulses production would increase for a year and after that it would further decrease. For yield of pulses ARIMA (1,0,1) was found the suitable model and it had forecasted that yield of pulses would decrease in coming years. In light of the study's findings, It has been suggested that more effective production methods be used, fallow land be used for the production of pulses, short-duration varieties may be encouraged, and focused efforts from various line departments be made in order to ensure that Bihar is both food and nutritionally secure.