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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa
In the imperial Gazetteer of India 1878, Pusa was recorded as a government estate of about 1350 acres in Darbhanba. It was acquired by East India Company for running a stud farm to supply better breed of horses mainly for the army. Frequent incidence of glanders disease (swelling of glands), mostly affecting the valuable imported bloodstock made the civil veterinary department to shift the entire stock out of Pusa. A British tobacco concern Beg Sutherland & co. got the estate on lease but it also left in 1897 abandoning the government estate of Pusa.
Lord Mayo, The Viceroy and Governor General, had been repeatedly trying to get through his proposal for setting up a directorate general of Agriculture that would take care of the soil and its productivity, formulate newer techniques of cultivation, improve the quality of seeds and livestock and also arrange for imparting agricultural education. The government of India had invited a British expert. Dr. J. A. Voelcker who had submitted as report on the development of Indian agriculture. As a follow-up action, three experts in different fields were appointed for the first time during 1885 to 1895 namely, agricultural chemist (Dr. J. W. Leafer), cryptogamic botanist (Dr. R. A. Butler) and entomologist (Dr. H. Maxwell Lefroy) with headquarters at Dehradun (U.P.) in the forest Research Institute complex.
Surprisingly, until now Pusa, which was destined to become the centre of agricultural revolution in the country, was lying as before an abandoned government estate. In 1898. Lord Curzon took over as the viceroy. A widely traveled person and an administrator, he salvaged out the earlier proposal and got London’s approval for the appointment of the inspector General of Agriculture to which the first incumbent Mr. J. Mollison (Dy. Director of Agriculture, Bombay) joined in 1901 with headquarters at Nagpur
The then government of Bengal had mooted in 1902 a proposal to the centre for setting up a model cattle farm for improving the dilapidated condition of the livestock at Pusa estate where plenty of land, water and feed would be available, and with Mr. Mollison’s support this was accepted in principle. Around Pusa, there were many British planters and also an indigo research centre Dalsing Sarai (near Pusa). Mr. Mollison’s visits to this mini British kingdom and his strong recommendations. In favour of Pusa as the most ideal place for the Bengal government project obviously caught the attention for the viceroy.
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ThesisItem Unknown GENETIC VARIABILITY, CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN CORIANDER (Coriandrum sativam L.)(RPCAU, Pusa, 2023) NAIK, DUMAVATH SRIKANTH; SINGH, SURESH PRASADCoriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), a member of the Apiaceae family, finds its origin in the Mediterranean region. Its versatile utility as both leaves (cilantro) and seeds is attributed to compounds like linalool in its essential oil, contributing to its distinct aroma and flavour. Beyond culinary uses, coriander has a historic role in traditional medicine, known for its antifungal, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Successful cultivation hinges on environmental conditions, particularly during flowering and fruiting stages. Thriving in warm, well-drained soil under dry climates, attention to nutrient levels and pest control ensures optimal yield. Coriander breeding programs harness genetic diversity. Hybridization of diverse parents can yield transgressive segregates, enhancing overall production. ANOVA confirmed significant genotypic differences for all studied traits. Evaluating mean performance across genotypes, superior genotypes, including RD-435, RD-424, RD-420, RD-416, and RD-391, exhibited higher yield, with lower plant height, and shorter maturity times than the check. High heritability indicated genetic control over yield-related traits, suggesting fruitful selection. Positive correlations between grain yield and various traits indicated potential for improved yields. Cluster analysis unveiled distinct trait patterns across four clusters, aiding genotype relationships. Pant height, days to 50 percent flowering, days to maturity, grain yield per plant consistently stood out in defining these clusters. Highest inter-cluster distance between cluster I and IV indicated recombinant potential for future breeding. This study deals with the genetic diversity, trait variability, and relationships among thirty coriander genotypes. Insights into trait contributions to divergence and cluster patterns offer valuable guidance for enhancing coriander yield, quality, and breeding strategies.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND CAUSE EFFECT RELATIONSHIP STUDIES IN TOMATO “(Solanum lycopersicum L.)’’ FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS UNDER LOW TEMPERATURE(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) SHAHNAWAZ, AHMED; Yadav, L. M.The current research was conducted at the “Vegetable Research farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar”, during the rabi season (2020-21) having Twenty-five tomato genotypes, including a control, Kashi Vishesh to evaluate the twenty-five genotypes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in a Randomized Block Design with three replications for yield and yield attributing traits. Studies were carried out on “variability, character association, path analysis, and genetic divergence” for characters like “Plant height (cm), number of primary branches/plants, number of days to first flower initiation, number of flowers/clusters, number of fruits/clusters, number of clusters/plants, number of days to first picking, polar diameter of fruit (cm), equatorial diameter of fruit (cm), average fruit weight (g), TSS content of the fruit (obrix), acidity of the fruit (%), number of fruits/plant and fruit yield/plant (kg)”. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for every trait. Estimations of genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were high for the characters like: “fruit yield per plant (kg), average fruit weight (g), equatorial diameter of fruit (cm), number of primary branches/plants, plant height (cm), polar diameter of fruit (cm), number of fruits/plant and acidity of the fruit (%)”. A high heritability value was detected, as well as a high genetic advance as percent of the mean for all the fourteen characters. These characters indicated that the presence of additive gene effects that may be exploited through phenotypic selection to improve yield. Based on correlation and path analysis, “Plant height, Average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant” exhibited positive and significant correlation with yield per plant having their positive direct effect suggesting that during selection these traits may be considered as prime traits to improve the yield of tomato. The twenty-five genotypes were divided into nine clusters using Tocher’s method, however, the genotype distribution within each cluster varied in number. Cluster I had the highest number of genotypes (eleven) followed by (four) genotypes in cluster III, (three) in cluster VI, (two) in cluster V and cluster II, IV, VII, VIII, and IX had only (one) genotype each. Cluster I and Cluster V had the highest and lowest intra-cluster distances, respectively. The inter-cluster distance was lowest between clusters II and V and highest between clusters VIII and IX, indicating these genotypes might be used in an inter-varietal hybridization program to achieve superior recombinants. Average fruit weight (24.00 %) contributed the most to divergence, followed by acidity of the fruit (16.33 %), TSS content of the fruit (15.67 %), and number of primary branches per plant (15.00 %). They have collectively contributed 71 %. So, based on this study, genotypes EC 320574 (Cluster V) and PDT-3-1 (Cluster VIII) were selected as superior lines based on high inter-cluster distance alongside mean performance for most of the yield attributing traits suggesting that these genotypes may be used in crossing programme to obtain heterotic recombinants as well as transgressive segregants.ThesisItem Unknown STUDY OF CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND GENETIC VARIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) YADAV, KAMLESH KUMAR; Singh, S.P.The present investigation entitled “Study of character Association and Genetic Variability Assessment of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp.)” was conducted at “Vegetable Research Farm, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar”. The experimental material consists of twenty-five genotypes of cowpea including Kashi Kanchan as check and studied for fourteen quantitative traits in randomized block design (RBD) consist of three replications during the Zaid season of 2021. The observations were recorded for eighteen quantitative traits viz. “germination (%), plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, days to first flower initiation, number of nodes on main stem, number of pods per cluster, days to first picking, pod length (m), pod diameter (cm), pod weight (g), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (g) and pod yield per plant (g)”. All the fourteen quantitative traits were analyzed for “analysis of variance, genotypic and phenotypic variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance, genetic advance as percent of mean, correlation analysis, path analysis and genetic divergence” to study the nature and the magnitude of variability and diversity present among these genotypes. The analysis of variance had significant variation among all the fourteen characters studied. In common, the values recorded for phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the values observed for the genotypic coefficient of variation with very narrow gap between these two parameters. The high genetic heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for maximum number of traits namely “plant height, number of branches per plant, number of nodes on main stem, number of pods per cluster, pod length, pod diameter, pod weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, pod yield per plant.” which implies that selection for these traits is favorable. The GCV was greater than the PCV. The pod yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with “plant height, number of branches per plant, number of nodes on main stem, number of pods per cluster, pod length, pod diameter, pod weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod”. Highest intra-cluster distance observed in Cluster I and Cluster II. Maximum inter-cluster distance was exhibited between Cluster number IV & V, Cluster III & V, Cluster I & V, Cluster II & IV, Cluster I & Cluster II, Cluster II & V indicating the chances of getting high yielding recombinants would be better if the crosses are made among the genotypes of these groups. The highest contribution towards genetic divergence was recorded by “number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, pod yield per plant and pod length”, Hence, improvement of these traits can be possible.ThesisItem Unknown DIVERGENCE STUDY IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) VIJAY, DHONGADE SOMESH; Pramila, Dr.The present investigation entitled “Divergence Study in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was conducted at “Vegetable Research Farm, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar”. The experimental material consists of twenty-two genotypes of brinjal including Pant Rituraj as check and studied for eighteen quantitative traits along with five morphological traits in randomized block design (RBD) consist of three replications during the late kharif season of 2020. The observations were recorded for eighteen quantitative traits viz. “plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, days to 50 % flowering (days), days to first harvest (days), fruit length (cm), fruit width (cm), fruit pedicle length (cm), number of fruit per plant (cm), average fruit weight (g), marketable fruit yield per plant (kg), unmarketable fruit yield per plant (kg), total soluble solid (degree Brix), long style flower (%), medium style flower (%), short style flower (%), pseudo-short style flower (%), shoot & fruit borer infestation (%), total fruit yield per plant (kg)” and five morphological traits namely “plant growth habit, flower colour, fruiting habit, fruit colour and fruit shape ”. All the eighteen quantitave traits were analyzed for “analysis of variance, genotypic and phenotypic variance, genotypic and Dr. RAJENDRA PRASAD CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, PUSA, SAMASTIPUR, BIHAR-848125 phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance,genetic advance as percent of mean, correlation analysis, path analysis and genetic divergence” to study the nature and the magnitude of variability and diversity present among these genotypes. The analysis of variance had significant variation among all the eighteen characters studied. In common, the values recorded for phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the values observed for the genotypic coefficient of variation with very narrow gap between these two parameters. The high genetic heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for maximum number of traits namely “fruit width, fruit length, pseudo-short style flower, fruit pedicle length, short style flower, average fruit weight, unmarketable fruit yield/ plant, marketable fruit yield per plant, number of primary branches per plant, shoot & fruit borer infestation, number of fruit per plant medium style flower & total fruit yield/plant” which implies that selection for these traits is favorable. The GCV was greater than the PCV. The total fruit yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with “number of fruit per plant, average fruit weight per plant, marketable fruit yield per plant and un-marketable fruit yield per plant”. Maximum inter-cluster distance was exhibited between Cluster V and VI followed by Cluster IV & V, Cluster III & IV, Cluster III and IV & Cluster III and VI indicating the chances of getting high yielding recombinants would be better if the crosses are made among the genotypes of these groups. The lowest inter-cluster distance was recorded between the Clusters I and III. The highest contribution towards genetic divergence was recorded by “total fruit yield per plant followed by fruit width, medium style flower, number of fruits per plant, shoot and fruit borer infestation, unmarketable fruit yield per plant, short style flower, fruit pedicle length, fruit length, average fruit weight, marketable fruit yield per plant, total soluble solid and days to 50% flowering”, Hence, improvement of these traits can be possible.ThesisItem Unknown EFFECT OF SULPHUR AND BORON ON SEED PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLE PEA (Pisum sativum L.) IN CALCAREOUS SOILS(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) BIHARI, CHHAIL; KUMAR, UDITA field experiment entitled “Effect of sulphur and boron on seed production of vegetable pea (Pisum sativum L.) in calcareous soils” “was carried out at the experimental field of AICRP on Vegetable Crops, Department of Horticulture, PG College of Agriculture, “Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar during Rabi season (2020-21).”Experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with factorial fashion, comprising of five levels of sulphur (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Kg ha-1) and three levels of boron (0, 1 and 2 Kg ha-1) to study the effect on growth, pod yield and “seed yield of vegetable pea. Altogether, the experiment consisted of 15 treatments which were replicated thrice. Growth, pod yield and seed yield attributes were studied including economics.” The significant effects of treatments were observed for growth attributes, pod yield, seed yield and it’s attributes. The ultimate height of plant (58.86 cm) and “number of branches per plant” (4.60) were recorded maximum in treatment combination S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1). Similar results were also recorded for pod yield related attributes as well as seed yield related attributes. Among the pod yield attributes, number of green pods plant-1 (23.93), pod length (9.72 cm), green pod yield plant-1 (44.20 g) and weight of 10 pods (75.05g) were recorded maximum with the treatment combination S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1). “However, S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1)” exhibited at par with S3B2 (30 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1) for” some characters like “number of pod per plant, pod length” (9.60 cm) and weight of 10 pods (78.30 g). When it was concerned to seed yield and its attributes, number of seeds pod-1(9.26), number of seeded pods per plant (12.60), seed yield per hectare (16.73 q) and 100 seed weight (22.56g) were recorded maximum with the treatment combination S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1). However, S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1) exhibited to be at par with S3B2 (30 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1)” for some characters like, number of seed per pod (9.26), number of seeded pod per plant (12.60), seed yield per ha. (16.73 q ha-1) and 100 seed weight (21.96 g). So far as the economics of the trial was concerned, the treatment combination S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2kg B ha-1) gave the maximum net return (₹.1,88,316.00) as well as benefit cost ratio (3.50). “Thus, the present study suggested that treatment combination S4 B2 (40 kg S ha-1+ 2 kg B ha-1)” exhibited superiority over rest of the treatment combinations with respect to almost all the characters of vegetable pea.”ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP IN OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) MOENCH] GENOTYPES FOR SUMMER SEASON(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2021) BARMAN, ANIMESH; SINGH, A. K.The present research programme entitled “Studies on genetic variability and cause-effect relationship in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] genotypes for summer season” was conducted with thirty okra genotypes collected from various places across the country at the Hi-Tech Horticulture Farm of the Department of Horticulture of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, during the summer season of 2020. The material was assessed using RBD (Randomized Block Design) with three replications. Fifteen traits were selected for the study viz., “plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, days to first flowering, days to fruit set, days to first harvesting, number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, average fruit weight (g), internodal length (cm), number of nodes per plant, number of first flowering nodes, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), number of ridges per fruit, fruit yield per plant (kg)” ANOVA exhibited significant mean sum of square (MSS) values due to genotype for all variables under study, which signify the presence of substantial amount of variability in the okra genotypes used for the study. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values was slightly greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) values for most of the traits, which was attributed for the minor impact of environment on the morphology of the traits. In the study, high level of heritability associated with high level of genetic advance was observed for “number of primary branches per plant, number of first flowering nodes, number of seeds per fruit, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit yield per plant”, which revealed the preponderance of additive gene action. Therefore, response to early selection may be effective in improving these traits. Based on correlation and path analysis, “number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit length” expressed positive and significant correlation with “fruit yield per plant” having their positive direct effect suggesting that during selection these traits may be considered as prime trait to improve yield of okra. Based on diversity using Tocher's method, the thirty genotypes were grouped into eight different clusters. The inter cluster distances were recorded higher than the intra cluster distances further indicating a considerable amount of diversity in the genotypes involved. Highest inter-cluster distance was found between cluster III and VII followed by cluster V and VII. Among all the characters studied, “fruit length” contributed maximum to the diversity followed by “number of first flowering nodes, number of primary branches per plant”. Further, genotypes VRO-65 (cluster III) and SKY/DR/RS-13 (cluster VI) were selected as superior lines based on high inter cluster distance alongside mean performance for most of yield attributing traits suggesting that these genotypes may be used in crossing programme to obtain heterotic recombinants as well as transgressive segregants.ThesisItem Open Access Variability and Cause Effect study in Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.)(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) DINESH, Mr.; Singh, S. P.The current research study entitled “Variability and Cause Effect study in Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.)” was conducted during the year 2020-21 at Vegetable Research Farm of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar. The experimental materials included twenty genotypes of Pointed gourd, along with a check variety Swarn Rekha. The experiment was carried out in RBD design, with 3 replications and spacing of 2m × 1m. The findings were recorded on fourteen quantitative traits like, number of vines/plant, vine length (cm), internodal length (cm), node at which first flower appeared, days to 1st flower initiation, number of fruits/plant, fruit length (cm), breadth of fruit (cm), weight of fruit (g), volume of fruit (ml), number of seeds/fruit, Seed: Pulp, fruit yield (q/ha) and T.S.S. (° Brix) and four qualitative traits, such as; fruit curvature, fruit shape, fruit skin colour pattern and fruit colour at marketable stage. The ANOVA indicated existence of highly significant variations among the genotypes for all the characters studied suggesting the existence of abundant extent of variability among the experimented material. The majority of the yield attributing traits including fruit yield exhibited high heritability combined with high GAM, inferring the preponderance of additive gene action which will facilitates in early generation selection on the basis of such traits. Three traits namely; number of vines/plant, vine length and number of fruits/plant have exhibited positive as well as significant association with fruit yield comprising it’s positive and moderate direct effect. Suggestions that crop improvement may be benefit from selection based on these parameters. The genotypes placed to Clusters I, II and IV showed higher intra-cluster distances respectively, indicating that these genotypes had the wider variability. Maximum inter-cluster distance was found in between Cluster II and Cluster V, followed by in between Cluster II and Cluster VI and in between Cluster I and Cluster VI. This suggests that the genotypes placed in these clusters used to have the best heterotic recombinants. The genotype present in Cluster V (PGS-5) may be use as donor to enhance yield and most of yield attributing traits. Materials under study as per contribution percentage towards diversity maximum for the traits Seed: Pulp and node at which first flower appeared.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SOWING DATES ON YIELD OF GARDEN PEA (Pisum sativum L.)(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) BEHERA, NISHIPRABHA; KUMAR, UDITThe current field investigation entitled “Influence of different sowing dates on yield of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)” was undertaken during the Rabi season of 2021-22 in vegetable research farm, Department of Horticulture, PG College of Agriculture, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur region of Bihar state. The investigation was performed in Randomized block design with three replications consisting of eight different sowing dates of garden pea. Cv. Azad Pea-3 from 12th October (T1) to 21st December 2021(T8), at 10 days interval between each sowing dates. Observations made on various growth, yield & quality parameters were evaluated & correlated with mean maximum, minimum temperature & bright sunshine hours as recorded during different phases of crop growth. Growth parameters like plant stand, plant height, number of branches plant-1 & number of nodules plant-1 at flowering were highly influenced by different dates of sowing. Maximum plant stand (93.53%) was recorded with T6, plant height at 60 DAS (83.77cm), number of branches plant-1 (3.97) & number of nodules plant-1 at flowering (26.13) with T4. Whereas minimum values were recorded with T1 in all growth parameters. Length of various phases like days to first flowering, days from flowering to harvest & days from sowing to harvest were also greatly influenced by different dates of sowing. Minimum days to first flowering (29.33), flowering to harvest (38.33) & days from sowing to harvest (67.67) were recorded with T1. Meanwhile, maximum values were recorded with T6. Pod yield, seed yield & their attributing parameters were notably influenced by different dates of sowing. Maximum number of green pods plant-1 (20.80), pod length (9.30cm), 10 pods weight (75.67g), shelling percentage (54.18) & pod yield hectare-1 (52.06q/ha) were recorded with T4. Whereas T1 recorded minimum for all such parameters. Seed yield & its attributing parameters viz. number of seeded pods plant-1 (17.23), number of seeds pod-1 (8.10), 10 pods seed weight (41.00g), 100 seed weight (44.63g) & seed yield hectare-1 (24.07q/ha) were recorded highest with T4 & lowest with T1.The quality parameters under study were much influenced in response to various dates of sowing. A maximum value for TSS (16.67° Brix) was recorded with T6, total sugar (92.39mg/g), reducing sugar (25.03mg/g) with T4 & minimum with T1. But soluble protein content (65.93mg/g) was highest for T1, while lowest in T7. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationship of plant height at 20 DAS & 40 DAS, number of nodules plant-1 at flowering & soluble protein content with mean maximum temperature & average bright sunshine hrs. A negative association of plant stand, length of various phases (days for first flowering, days from flowering to harvest, days from sowing to harvest), pod yield attributing (number of green pods plant-1, pod length, 10 pods weight, shelling percentage & pod yield hectare-1), seed yield attributing (number of seeded pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, 10 pods seed weight & seed yield hectare-1) & other quality parameters (TSS, total sugar & reducing sugar) was observed with mean maximum, minimum temperature & average bright sunshine hrs. recorded during various phases especially during flowering to harvest period of crop. Mean maximum temperature 21.6-23.4℃, minimum temperature 10.2-10.9℃ & 3.0-4.8 hours of bright sunshine from flowering to harvest of crop was observed to be markedly associated with higher pod & seed yield of garden pea. Hence from the current investigation it could be inferred that sowing of garden pea from 1st November to 1st December was effective in providing favorable meteorological conditions required for different phenophases which eventually led to maximization of pod & seed yield under North Bihar conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of Post Harvest Quality of Pointed Gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) Genotypes during Storage(DRPCAU, PUSA, 2022) MAURYA, SHUBHAM; Prasad, K.The present study entitled “Evaluation of Post Harvest Quality of Pointed Gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) Genotypes during Storage” was carried using 12-pointed gourd crop of the genotypes/varieties namely „PGS-1‟, „PGS-2‟, „PGS-3‟, „PGS-5‟, „PGS-11‟, „PGS-12‟, „PGS-13‟, „Swarna Alaukik‟, „Swarna Rekha‟, „Swarna Suruchi‟, „Kashi Alankar‟, „Kashi Suphal‟ cultivated during the Zaid season of 2021–2022 at research laboratory of TCA, Dholi, Botany Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Research Centre on Litchi, Bihar. Pointed gourd considered as the „King of gourd‟ in India. There are 42 species found in Indo-malayan region and 22 are found in India. Among the several species of Trichosanthes but the Trichosanthes dioica bears commercial value. Several cultivars (genotypes) have been developed by the horticulturists and few varieties (genotypes) are added every year. However, there is lack of postharvest research on biochemical/nutritional profiling and phytochemical changes during storage which is yet to be attempted in the genotypes. Hence, present study was conducted with two objectives, these were in objective I divided into two experiments, in experiment No - I, 12 different genotypes were assessed for physical, physiological, quality, functional Name of Student : SHUBHAM MAURYA Registration Number : M/HORT. (VS)/489/2020-21 Major Advisor : Dr. K. Prasad Degree to be Awarded : Master of Science in Agriculture (Horticulture) Vegetable Science Department : Horticulture Major Subject : Vegetable Science Minor Subject : Plant Breeding and Genetics Year : 2021-22 Title of Thesis : Evaluation of Post Harvest Quality of Pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) Genotypes during Storage University : Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar 848125 Total Pages of Thesis : 86 + Bibliography (i-vii) and enzymatic activities, and in the experiment II, 12 genotypes were assessed for iochemical and enzymatic activities changes during storage at am ient storage condition 25 4 C and 65 5% RH). Under the objective II, the suitability of genotypes for sweet and dehydrated product making from the selected genotypes was explored. In context of first objective for the nutritional characterisation of selected pointed gourd genotypes, fruits of 12 genotypes were manually harvested, washed and stored, recordings were taken on various postharvest attributes. Our results revealed that the selected genotypes varied significantly for the studied attributes such as physical, physiological, quality, functional, enzymatic and minerals content. In context to physical parameters. Among the selected 12 genotypes fruit length (10.17 cm), width (3.53 cm) and weight (32.78 g) was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. Fruit firmness was the highest in „PGS-2‟ 13.20 N). The physiological activity i.e., respiration rate was the highest in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 54 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1). Among the biochemical attributes, the highest total soluble solids were the maximum in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 3.50 ºB). The titrata le acidity 0.60 %), ascorbic acid (29.50 mg 100g-1), dietary fibre (5.20 mg 100 g-1), was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. The total sugars content was the maximum in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 1.70 %). The total phenolic content (117.40 μg GAE g-1), total flavonoids content (1.08 mg 100 g-1), chlorophyll „a‟ 0.299 mg 100 g-1) and chlorophyll „ ‟ 0.144 mg 100 g-1) was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. Furthermore, the total carotenoids content was the maximum in „Swarna Alauik‟ 0.016 mg 100 g-1). The maximum values of DPPH free radical scavenging activity and were the observed in „PGS-11‟ 58.23 μmol TE g-1). The genotype „PGS-2‟ exhi ited highest polygalactouronsae 40.33 μg galactouronic acid g-1 h-1 FW) and pectin methylesterase activity (0.07 μmol min-1 g-1 FW). However, the LOX activity was the maximum in „PGS-12‟ 0.003 μmol min-1 ml-1). Among the studied mineral content of genotypes, phosphorus content was the maximum in „Kashi Suphal‟ 42 mg 100 g-1) while the potassium content was the maximum in „Swarna Suruchi‟ 86 mg 100 g-1). Under experiment II of the first objective, where the quality changes during storage of selected genotypes, in context to physical attribute, physiological attribute, irrespective of storage days, the fruit firmness was the highest in „PGS-2‟ 10.84 N). Irrespective of storage day, the PLW was the maximum in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 16.27 %). The highest respiration rate was exhi ited y „Swarna Alaukik‟ 71.00 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1). The total solu le solids content was the highest in „Swarna Alaukik‟ (4.09 B). The total phenolic content was the maximum in „Swarna Suruchi‟ 97.85 μg GAE g-1), the highest titratable acidity (0.56 %), the total flavonoid content (0.92 mg 100 g-1), the chlorophyll „a‟ content 0.275 mg 100 g-1), the chlorophyll „ ‟ content (0.122 mg 100 g-1), was the maximum in „PGS-3‟. The highest ascor ic acidity was recorded in „PGS-11‟ 28.07 mg 100 g-1). The total sugar (1.89 %), the carotenoid content (0.036 mg 100 g-1) was the maximum in „Swarna Alauik‟ and the DPPH free radical scavenging activity content was highest in „PGS-11‟ 33.53 μmol trolox g-1). In context of enzymatic activity, the highest polygalactouronsae activity was observed in „Swarna Alaukik‟ 45.66 μg galactouronicacid g-1 h-1 FW). The highest pectin methylestearase activity was observed in „PGS-2‟ 0.16 μmol min-1 g-1 FW). The highest LOX activity „Kashi Suphal‟ 0.003256 μmol min-1 ml-1). In context of second objective product making, the genotypes, „Swarna Alaukik‟, „PGS-1‟, „PGS- 13‟ and „Kashi Suphal‟ displayed greatest suitability for pointed gourd sweet and „PGS-3‟, „Swarna Rekha‟, „Swarna Suruchi‟ and „PGS-11‟ were highly suitable for dehydrated pointed gourd.
