Loading...
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
Browse
57 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access MARKER-ASSISTED BREEDING FOR TOLERANCE TO BIOTYPE-4 OF BROWN PLANTHOPPER (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) AND MANDYA ISOLATE OF BLAST (Magnaporthe grisea Hebert.) IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2014-11-10) SHILPA, H. B.; Shivakumar, N.The present investigation was carried out to transfer major resistance gene Pil conferring resistance to blast (Magnaporthe grisea L.) and bph4 for brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) in the genetic background of rice cultivar Jaya through marker-assisted backcross breeding at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V. C. Farm, Mandya from 2011-2014. The donors ClOlLAC for blast and CR271 l -76 for BPH resistance were crossed with Jaya and the F 1s derived were identified through polymorphic markers. Selected F 1 s were backcrossed with Jaya to raise BC1 F 1, BC2F 1, BC3F1 (separate transfer crosses i. e., Jaya x ClOlLAC and Jaya x CR2711-76) and intercrossed to obtain TC-F2s [(Jaya x ClOlLAC) X (Jaya x CR2711-76)]. The BC 1 F 1s were also selfed to develop segregating BC 1F2 populations. Marker analysis of 101 BC 1F2 plants from (Jaya x ClOlLAC) X Jaya cross, using RM224 marker yielded 32 plants having Pil gene while, from 112 BC 1 F2 plants of (Jaya x CR2711-76) X Jaya cross evaluated, using RM586 and RM589 markers for bph4 gene, 57 plants were found to be homozygous. Out of 111 TC-F2s, 30 plants selected genotypically and 33 phenotypically, had Pil gene. Thirty three pyramided progenies with Pil and 44 with bph4 gene were identified after genotypic and phenotypic evaluation of BC 1 F2s. Totally ten plants having both Pil and bph4 genes were selected. Among them, eight have showed better grain yield/plant (-21.08 g) compared to Jaya (13 g). Plant number 13, 14, 24, 31, 49, 86 and 109 were early to flower (89-99 days) compared to Jaya (11 Odays ). They recorded higher number of filled grains/panicle (58.2-101.67) and spikelet fertility (55.68-64.38%) as compared to Jaya (51.8 and 24.98%). Among the three markers validated, RM224 for blast and RM586 for BPH showed significant association with the pyramided genes.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF RAITHA SAMPARKA KENDRAS (RSKs) IN DAVANAGERE DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2014-06-23) RAMAPPA, PATIL; Nanjappa, D.The study was conducted in Davanagere district of Karnataka State, in 2013-14. A scale was developed to measure the performance of RSKs as perceived by the extension personnel and the farmers. The study revealed that 37.78 per cent of the extension personnel perceived the RSKs as having medium overall performance and less than half (42.22%) of the farmers indicated that the RSKs as having medium level of overall performance. It is also evident from the study that nearly half (42.22%) of the extension personnel and 40 per cent of the farmers had favourable attitude towards the functioning of RSKs. The profile of extension personnel viz., age, awards and certificates obtained were having significant association with the attitude of extension personnel towards functioning of RSKs. With respect to farmer’s education, land holding, mass media participation, social participation and extension contact had association with their attitude about functioning of RSKs. The study also indicated that, a majority (93.33%) of extension personnel had opined that follow up activities was satisfactory and majority (84.44%) of the farmers opined that, the literature provided by the RSKs was easy to understand. All the extension personnel expressed non availability of assistants to maintain sales and stock of inputs in the RSKs. A overwhelming majority (94.44%) of the farmers faced the problem of non-availability of need based inputs in the RSKs. Further, the study also revealed that all the farmers suggested that extension personnel need to visit their villages to solve field problems at least once in a week and a vast majority (97.77%) of the extension personnel suggested that quarters facilities should be provided to the AO/AAO at RSKs level.ThesisItem Open Access UTILIZATION OF SUGAR MILL EFFLUENT FOR PADDY-COWPEA SEQUENCE IN CAUVERY COMMAND AREA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2014-06-10) DINESHA, M. S.; Bhaskar, S.Treated sugar mill effluent was used in field experiment to investigate its effect on paddy-cowpea cropping sequence. The experiment was conducted at Research and Development Farm, M/s. Sri Chamundeshwari Sugars Ltd. Mandya District, during 2012-14. The first experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with eight treatments replicated thrice. It included paddy as test crop during Kharif to know direct effect of treated sugar mill effluent irrigation and cowpea during summer to study its residual effect. Continuous treated sugar mill effluent irrigation along with RDF recorded significantly higher grain yield of paddy (53.8 q ha-1), nutrient uptake, soil available nutrients and B:C ratio (2.24) as compared to RDF with fresh water irrigation. Subsequently, residual effect of the same treatment recorded higher seed yield (996 kg ha-1), nutrients uptake, soil available nutrients and B:C ratio (1.93) of cowpea as compared to all the other treatments in paddy-cowpea sequence. Based on the results of the first experiment on paddy the second experiment on treated effluent irrigation in combination with amendments in paddy was laid out in splitplot design during summer. Continuous treated sugar mill effluent irrigation and RDF recorded higher grain yield (52.2 q ha-1) followed by fresh water irrigation along with RDF (46.7 q ha-1). Among amendments, combined application of gypsum and green leaf manure and green leaf manure alone recorded significantly higher grain yield (46.4 and 45.4 q ha-1, respectively) over other treatments. However, they were on par with each other. Interaction effect of treated sugar mill effluent irrigation along with RDF and combined application of gypsum + green leaf manure recorded significantly higher grain yield (53.7 q ha-1). Economic analysis revealed that interaction effect of continuous treated sugar mill effluent irrigation along with RDF and green leaf manure as amendment recorded higher B: C ratio (2.12).ThesisItem Open Access SURVEY, MOLECULAR DETECTION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS (CMV) AND BANANA BRACT MOSAIC VIRUS (BBrMV) ISOLATES INFECTING BANANA IN KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2014-09-12) BASAVARAJ, S.; Rangaswamy, K. T.The use of tissue culture planting material has helped to a greater extent to overcome the problems of viral diseases. However, the genetic variant associated with tissue culture plants has limited their use for raising the crop. Eighty five tissue cultured and sucker propagated banana gardens were surveyed for banana viruses and tissue culture variants. The mean incidence of virus diseases was high (3.78%) in gardens established using suckers compared to tissue culture established gardens (1.47%). The average incidence of somaclonal variants was 2.95 % in tissue cultured gardens. Out of 5532 samples diagnosed only 0.7% of the samples were found positive for viruses. Out of 3572, samples tested for genetic purity using ISSR markers, only 0.1% samples were found to not true to type. Novel, rapid and cost effective Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) based techniques were revalidated for detection of BBTV, BSV, CMV and BBrMV. Colorimetric indicator dyes like HNB, Calcein, SYBR Green I and thiazole orange successfully differentiated healthy and virus infected samples after amplification, thus colorimetric detection was standardised for detection of banana viruses. Out of 25 ISSR markers validated for their suitability to detect the most common tissue culture variants only three ISSR markers detected the variant with chimeric leaves. However, failed to detect other types of variants observed during survey. RT-PCR amplification of the CMV and BBrMV CP genes using gene specific primers resulted in the amplification of ~650 bp and ~1062 bp products respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of banana CMV and BBrMV isolates under present study based on both nucleotide and amino acid sequences of CP revealed that the CMV isolate belongs to subgroup IB and BBrMV isolate belongs to BBrMV Karnataka group.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC TRAITS IN PIGEONPEA [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.](University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2014-07-10) VANISHREE; BYRE GOWDA, M.An investigation was conducted in pigeonpea during 2012 and 2013 at UAS, GKVK, Bangalore to explore restorers/maintainers for A2 and A4 cytoplasm-based CMS lines; to identify CMS lines and restorers with desirable gca and hybrids with desirable sca and heterosis; to assess the effects of male sterility inducing cytoplasm on yield and its components; to compare the performance of single cross hybrids (SCH) and double cross hybrids (DCH) and, to predict and validate DCH performance; and to study the relationship of parental diversity with hybrids sca and mid-parent heterosis. Sixteen out of 78 genotypes tested, restored the fertility of A2 cytoplasmbased CMS lines, BRG 1A and Hy 3CA while three out of 36 genotypes, restored the fertility of A4 cytoplasm-based CMS lines, BRG 1A, BRG 3A and Hy 3CA. Of the three A2 cytoplasm-based CMS lines and three restorers, the CMS line Hy 3CA and restorer GRG 206 recorded good gca for seed yield. Out of nine A × R hybrids, Hy 3CA × GRG 206, BRG 1A × GCB 15 and BRG 1A × GRG 206 were heterotic for yield. Male sterility inducing cytoplasm significantly influenced hybrids mean performance and mid-parent heterosis for length of inflorescence and 100 seed weight, while it did not have significant effect on the sca effects for any of the characters. The genotypes BRG 10-2 and BRG 11-1 were good general combiners for most of traits including yield. Among 28 SCH, CoRG 9701 × RKVT 261 and BRG 10-2 × CoRG 9701 were best specific combinations for pods per plant and seed yield. There was good agreement between realized and predicted performances of DCH for all the characters except seed yield. The relationship of parental divergence with hybrid sca effects and mid-parent heterosis was poor enough to have any predictive power of parental divergence.ThesisItem Open Access CHARACTERIZATION OF ELITE TREES OF JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyllus LAM.) FROM SOUTHERN KARNATAKA(University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2014-06-20) THIMMARAYAPPA, M.; MUKUNDA, G. K.An experiment on characterization of elite trees of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) was carried out between the years 2008 and 2010 in five districts of southern Karnataka. Two elite seedling progenies of jackfruit from each district was short listed and the promising progenies identified were Kachahalli-1 and Kachahalli-2 from Bangalore Rural District; Janagere-1 and Janagere-2 from Ramanagara District; Lalbagh-1 and Lalbagh-2 from Bangalore Urban District; Gubbi-1 and Gubbi-2 from Tumkur District and Sakkarayapattana-1 and Sakkarayapattana-2 from Chikmagalur District. From among the ten different elite jackfruit trees evaluated, Kachahalli-1 emerged as an outstanding tree. It is a high yielder (166.66 fruits/tree /year), fruits were uniform in size, mean weight of fruit was maximum (11.61kg/fruit), number of bulbs per fruit was also maximum (79.88/fruit), the bulbs were also large in size (length: 9.34cm, breadth: 5.28cm and thickness : 0.59cm). The bulbs were crisp and attractive deep orange in colour. Kachahalli-1 tree also registered highest TSS (27.330B) and lowest titratable acidity (0.18% malic acid). TSS: acid ratio was also highest in Kachahalli-1 tree (148.43). Both total sugars and reducing sugar content was maximum in Kachahalli-1 tree (20.87% and 7.46% respectively). The fruits harvested from Kachahalli-1 tree emerged as an outstanding by registering highest score of 88.83 out of 100 in the organoleptic qualities. From the present study Janagere-1 tree was the second best jackfruit tree where, TSS of fruit bulb was 26.370B, total sugars 19.67%, reducing sugar 7.41%, non-reducing sugar 12.21% and TSS: acid ratio was 139.64: 0.19. The overall acceptance score for the organoleptic qualities was 87.05 out of 100. Gubbi-2 tree was the third best tree out of ten trees studied and the organoleptic score for this tree was 82.55 out of 100.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on genetic parameters for the traits related to WUE and yield in early generation recombinant inbred lines of NRCG12568 × NRCG 12326 in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2014-08-08) MALLIKARJUN, K.; SAVITHRAMMA, D. L.Present investigation was undertaken to study the genetic parameters in Recombinant Inbred Lines and other two crosses of F3, F4, F5 and F6 generation during kharif 2012, summer 2013, kharif 2013 and summer 2014 respectively for growth, traits related to WUE, yield and yield contributing characters. Higher GCV and PCV coupled with narrow difference between PCV and GCV were found for pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, pods per plant, Specific Leaf Area, SCMR, plant height and days to first flowering in all the three crosses indicating individual plant selection can be followed for improvement of these characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advancement as a per cent of mean was observed for pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, pods per plant, SCMR and SLA indicating the involvement of additive gene action for expression of these traits in crosses studied. Pods per plant, kernels per plant, kernel yield per plant, SCMR exhibited high positive effect on development of pod yield per plant in all the generations studied suggesting pod yield per plant could be increased upon improving of these pod yield contributing characters. Presence of significant positive correlation between F5 to F6 generation for pods per plant, pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, kernels per plant, SCMR and SLA implies that these traits can be used as selection criteria from F5 generation onwards. High broad sense coupled with high narrow sense heritability was observed for pods per plant, pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plant, SCMR and SLA in F6 generation suggesting the alleles which are involved in expression of these traits are fixed. The segregants which were selected having higher SCMR, lower SLA and higher pod yield per plant.ThesisItem Open Access IDENTIFICATION OF FERTILITY RESTORERS AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF RESTORER LINES OF PIGEONPEA (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2014-06-10) PRASHANTH BABU, H.; Byre Gowda, M.An investigation on stability of male sterility, identification of fertility restorers, heterosis, combining ability, stability of hybrids and molecular characterization of restorer lines of pigeonpea was carried out at experimental plots of the AICRP on Pigeonpea, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore. Study on stability of male sterility of nine CMS lines over three seasons at Bangalore and Hyderabad locations revealed that the CMS lines BRG 3A, Hy 3cA, TTB 7A and ICPA 2039 found to be stable at all the three dates of pollen sterility assay. In fertility restoration analysis with three male sterile lines, 14 out of 16 tested male lines restored more than 80% pollen fertility of ICPA 2047 while, 12 and eight male lines restored pollen fertility of ICPA 2092 and ICPA 2089 respectively. In combining ability and heterosis studies over four environments, the hybrids, gca and sca; and their various interactions with environment were significant suggesting that the hybrids did not have the same relative performances among environments. The CMS line ICPA 2047 and testers ICPL 20128, ICPL 20107 and ICPL 20177 were found to be desirable combiners. For seed yield per plant, the hybrids ICPA 2092 × ICPL 11376, ICPA 2047 × ICPL 20128 and ICPA 2089 × ICPL 20166 were the best specific combinations. None of the hybrids were found stable across environments for most of traits under consideration. The hybrids ICPA 2047 × ICPL 20128, ICPA 2092 × ICPL11376 and ICPA 2047 × ICPL 20177 were found most heterotic over standard check (ICPH 2671) for seed yield. Out of eight SSR markers tested, two markers namely CcM 2542 and CcM 1506 differentiated 15 restorers and nine male sterile lines as they produced amplicons sizes specific to rf locus and male sterility locus.ThesisItem Open Access FORMULATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF FLUID BED DRIED CONSORTIA OF AGRICULTURALLY BENEFICIAL MICROORGANISMS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2014-09-10) LAVANYA, G.; Brahmaprakash, G. P.This study focused on formulation development using suitable carrier material in a fluid bed dryer (FBD) of different agriculturally beneficial microorganisms, survival of these inoculant formulation prepared in fluid bed dryer at different intervals and effectiveness of these inoculant formulation on cow pea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and finger millet (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.) crop. Among different carriers (flyash, talc and skim milk powder) tried in different combinations, formulation prepared usig a combination of talc and skim milk powder at 40° C in FBD resulted in better survivability of microbial population. The two consortia using Rhizobium sp., Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens and another consortia of Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter chroococcum was prepared using talc and skim milk powder in a fluid bed dryer. The survival of these two consortia was monitored during 360 and 365 days of storage period respectively where in the triple inoculant formulation prepared using FBD resulted in maximum cell survival till the end of storage period. No contamination was observed in all FBD inoculant formulation at the end of 180 days at 10-5 dilution. Effectiveness of Rhizobium sp., Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens on cowpea; Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis and Azotobacter chroococcum on finger millet crop was carried out in green house conditions at two nutrient levels with lignite based formulation as control. It was observed that both cowpea and finger millet plants inoculated with fluid bed dried triple inoculant formulation of both consortia under the influence of nutrients showed better plant growth parameters, higher nitrogen and phosphorus uptake followed by dual and single inoculants when compared to lignite based formulations.