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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CULTIVARS BY USING BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-11) RANJITHA, H. P.; RAME, GOWDA
    Genetic purity assessment is an important criteria in seed production and seed certification programme. Therefore, simple and reliable techniques need to be developed for variety identification and seed genetic purity testing. An attempt was made to characterize thirty rice cultivars and hybrids along with their parental lines based on their morphological, biochemical and molecular markers during 2014 to 2017. Seed morphological characters were used for the broader classification of rice. Both standard and modified phenol tests with FeSO4 and CuSO4 were found effective in identifying some of the rice cultivars like MSN-36 (R) from CRMS-32(A) and KRH-4. Besides, KOH test was useful in identification of red kernel cultivars like CTH-1, CTH-3, JGL- 1798 and Jyothi. The zymogram of total soluble seed protein found to be useful in distinguishing the rice cultivars, parental lines and hybrids based on the relative intensity and mobility of bands. Among the tested isozymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) banding pattern found useful in differentiating the cultivars like CTH-1, IR-30864 and IR-64 at Rm value of 0.54 based on the intensity of bands. Out of 84 markers studied, 63 markers found to be polymorphic and 37 markers were unique for the cultivars and parental lines used in the study. These cultivar specific markers found useful for cultivar identification and characterization. Seven markers were confirmed hybridity of KRH-2 with its parental polymorphism and in case of KRH-4, 20 markers were confirmed hybridity of KRH-4 with its parental polymorphism. Unique markers were identified for the KRH-2 (RM164 and 263) and KRH-4 (RM21, RM 1385, RM 444 and RM 400). These primers can be effectively used for genetic purity assessment in KRH-2 and KRH- 4. This was the unique study to assess the genetic purity of these line at the seed/seedling stage and very useful in rice hybrid seed industry.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENT WITH NANOPARTICLES ON MORPHO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-02) HARISH, M.S.; RAME, GOWDA
    In view of the wide spread cultivation of groundnut in India and in other parts of the world, both laboratory and field experiments were carried out to examine the influence of seed treatment with nanoparticles on ‘morpho physiological and biochemical changes in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)’ during 2014-15 and 2015-16. In laboratory experiment, medium vigour groundnut seeds were separately treated with four nano particles and four bulk micro nutrients viz., nano Zinc Oxide (ZnO), FeO NPs, CaCO3 NPs, TiO2 NPs and Bulk ZnO, Bulk FeO, Bulk CaCO3, Bulk TiO2 . Among the different treatments imposed, seed treatment with nanoscale ZnO (25 nm) @1000 ppm significantly promoted seed quality attributes of germination (82%), root length (9.02 cm), shoot length (18.7 cm) and SVI (2280), SVI-II (1903), TDH (0.40 A480 nm) with lower seed infection (6.75%) when compared to control (64%, 6.75 cm, 14.28 cm, 1349, 1117, 0.34, 16.17%, respectively, for above parameters). Besides, the positive impact of nanoparticles seed treatment was also observed for the changes in biochemical attributes both in laboratory and pot culture experiments. The amylase activity (22.97 & 23.97 mm), peroxidase activity (0.30 & 0.28 μmol/ml) super oxide dismutase (8.23 & 9.67 unit/mg) catalase activity (0.32 & 0.39 μmol/ml) were found to be higher in Zinc oxide nanoparticles @ 1000 ppm compared to control (20.73 & 20.53 mm, 0.27 & 0.22, 7.93 & 7.67 unit/mg, 0.3, 0.3 μmol/ml). In field experiment, plant growth parameters viz., field emergence (82.9%), plant height at 45DAS, 60DAS, harvest (21.78, 28.86, 37.33 cm), number of branches at 45, 60, 90 DAS (4.82, 5.72 & 6.78), days to initiation of flowering (25 days) and yield parameters like, pod yield plant-1 (29.2 g), number of pods plant-1 (23.5) and haulm yield plant-1 (192 g) SMK % (88 %), shelling per cent (79.6) also differed significantly with ZnO (25 nm) @1000 ppm compared to traditional source of Zn application with ZnO @ 30 g/15 liter of water + RDF with the foliar application and seed application. The inhibitory effect noticed with higher dose of nanoparticle @2000 ppm suggested the need of judicious usage of these nano-particles in such applications. The first ever report on the effect of nanoscale elements on plant growth and yield of groundnut revealed the positive influence and that could be used as seed treatment to enhance yield and quality of seeds.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Standardization of seed production strategies in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-04-24) ARVIND, KUMAR; CHANNAKESHAVA, B.C.
    Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is popularly known as lucerne and rightly called as “Queen of Forage”. It has been cultivated under wide range of climatic and soil conditions throughout the world. In Karnataka it is popularly called as Kudre masale or Kudare menthe. Alfalfa is cultivated over an area of 22 million hectares in the world with an average green fodder yield of 50 - 125 t ha-1 year-1 with 8 - 12 cutting frequencies and seed yield ranging from 300 - 800 kg ha-1 (Asaadi et al., 2014). In addition, the crop also fixes 83 - 594 kg ha-1 of atmospheric nitrogen through root nodules. In India, it occupies an area of one million hectares and provides 60 to 130 t ha-1 of green forage. It is a major crop in Gujarat, Western districts of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Punjab. After sorghum and berseem, alfalfa is the third important forage crop in India (Pandey and Roy, 2011). In Karnataka it occupies an area of 3121.23 ha which accounts for 0.03 % of net cropped area (Elumalai Kannan, 2012).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON VARIETAL CHARACTERIZATION, FORTIFICATION ON SEED YIELD, QUALITY AND LONGEVITY IN PIGEONPEA [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-01-17) NAGARAJ, HULLUR; Channakeshava, B. C.
    The field and laboratory experiments were carried out to study the characterization of cultivars, seed fortification and longevity in pigeonpea during kharif 2014 and 2015. Twenty pigeonpea cultivars selected for characterization study and significant differences were observed for various morphological traits. Mottled seed colour pattern distinguished BRG-1 and BRG-3 cultivars from all cultivars having uniform pattern. Dens pattern of streak on standard petal differentiated the cultivar TS 3R from all the cultivars. Similarly, sesame kind of leaf shape differentiated cultivar JKM-189 from all the cultivars. Based on total soluble proteins zymogram, Region A (> 97.4 KD), B (66.0-97.4 KD), D (29.0-43.0 KD) and E (20.0 to 29.0 KD) were found useful to distinguish most pigeionpea cultivars. Among 12 SSR markers used to differentiate the cultivars, four markers viz., CCB-8, CCB-9. PB-3 and PB-8 were found highly polymorphic. The experiment on seed fortification with ZnSO4 @ 250 mg / kg + Borax @ 100 mg / kg of seed recorded higher plant growth, seed yield and quality attributes viz., plant height at 40, 80 DAS and at harvest (59.2, 118.0 and 191.8 cm, respectively), seed yield (1355 kg / ha), seed germination (89 %), seedling vigour index-I and II (3217 and 997, respectively), and low electrical conductivity of seed leachate (158 μS ppm-1) as compare to control. BRG-2 and ICP8863 seeds treated with spinosad 45 SC (2 ppm) and stored in super grain bag recorded higher germination (91 and 87 %, respectively) and other seed quality attributes as compare to untreated seeds stored in cloth bag (58 and 76 %, respectively) at the end of 12 months of storage. Whereas the seed amelioration treatments such as GA3 (400 ppm) and IAA + NAA (150 ppm each) are the suitable amelioration treatments to improve germination and vigour of aged and marginal quality pigeonpea seed lots.