INFLUENCE OF SEED TREATMENT WITH NANOPARTICLES ON MORPHO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
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Date
2017-11-02
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
In view of the wide spread cultivation of groundnut in India and in other parts of
the world, both laboratory and field experiments were carried out to examine the
influence of seed treatment with nanoparticles on ‘morpho physiological and biochemical
changes in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)’ during 2014-15 and 2015-16. In laboratory
experiment, medium vigour groundnut seeds were separately treated with four nano
particles and four bulk micro nutrients viz., nano Zinc Oxide (ZnO), FeO NPs, CaCO3
NPs, TiO2 NPs and Bulk ZnO, Bulk FeO, Bulk CaCO3, Bulk TiO2 . Among the different
treatments imposed, seed treatment with nanoscale ZnO (25 nm) @1000 ppm
significantly promoted seed quality attributes of germination (82%), root length (9.02
cm), shoot length (18.7 cm) and SVI (2280), SVI-II (1903), TDH (0.40 A480 nm) with
lower seed infection (6.75%) when compared to control (64%, 6.75 cm, 14.28 cm, 1349,
1117, 0.34, 16.17%, respectively, for above parameters). Besides, the positive impact of
nanoparticles seed treatment was also observed for the changes in biochemical attributes
both in laboratory and pot culture experiments. The amylase activity (22.97 & 23.97
mm), peroxidase activity (0.30 & 0.28 μmol/ml) super oxide dismutase (8.23 & 9.67
unit/mg) catalase activity (0.32 & 0.39 μmol/ml) were found to be higher in Zinc oxide
nanoparticles @ 1000 ppm compared to control (20.73 & 20.53 mm, 0.27 & 0.22, 7.93 &
7.67 unit/mg, 0.3, 0.3 μmol/ml). In field experiment, plant growth parameters viz., field
emergence (82.9%), plant height at 45DAS, 60DAS, harvest (21.78, 28.86, 37.33 cm),
number of branches at 45, 60, 90 DAS (4.82, 5.72 & 6.78), days to initiation of flowering
(25 days) and yield parameters like, pod yield plant-1 (29.2 g), number of pods plant-1
(23.5) and haulm yield plant-1 (192 g) SMK % (88 %), shelling per cent (79.6) also
differed significantly with ZnO (25 nm) @1000 ppm compared to traditional source of
Zn application with ZnO @ 30 g/15 liter of water + RDF with the foliar application and
seed application. The inhibitory effect noticed with higher dose of nanoparticle @2000
ppm suggested the need of judicious usage of these nano-particles in such applications.
The first ever report on the effect of nanoscale elements on plant growth and yield of
groundnut revealed the positive influence and that could be used as seed treatment to
enhance yield and quality of seeds.
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