Loading...
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
Browse
15 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access MOLECULAR AND INSECTICIDAL CHARACTERISATION OF NOVEL CRY TOXINS FROM Bacillus thuringiensis AGAINST APHIDS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-11-07) MEGHANA, S.; Asokan, R.Aphids are the most damaging pests of plants. The present investigation lays emphasis on isolation and identification of Aphidicidal Bacillus thuringiensis isolates. 600 Bacillus like isolates were obtained from different agro-ecological zones. The isolates were obtained using standard enrichment technique as described by Travers et al., (1987). A total of 65 Bacillus like colonies were screened, 15 putative Aphidicidal B. thuringiensis isolates were identified based on morphological as well as through microbiological studies including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) & Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Spherical and amorphous crystal inclusion was predominantly present in 34.28% of the Bt isolates when compared to other shapes. Crystal protein profiling of Bt isolates by SDS-PAGE analysis showed the presence 130, 73, 34, 25 and 13 kDa bands, among which 50-66 kDa bands were present abundantly. The detection of cry gene of these isolates was done by PCR analysis, indicated that cry1, cry2A, cry3A and cry11A were on plasmid DNA. All cry genes were 80-100% homologous when aligned on alignment tool NCBI-BLASTn. All isolates of Bt were tested for their insecticidal activity against aphids. Bioassay results suggest that the Bt toxins were responsible for the mortality of the exposed aphids and the observed physical changes were induced by B. thuringiensis infection; these strains had been re-isolated from the dead aphids, and the presented results fulfilled Koch’s postulates. The present invention introduced the promising Bt isolates which could specifically create efficient biocontrol agent for Aphids and in the near future other sucking pestsThesisItem Open Access DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SSR MARKERS USING RAGI GENOME SEQUENCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF MARKERS LINKED TO A FEW QUANTITATIVE TRAITS RELATED TO SEED YIELD IN FINGER MILLET [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn](UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-19) UMA SOMASHEKHAR MAGUNDANAVARFinger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn], an important nutri-rich millet crop, has limited information on genomic resources for application in crop improvement. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to develop SSR markers using a part of the whole genome sequence of finger millet variety PR202. Different SSR repeat motifs were predicted using MISA software and totally 948 SSR primers were designed from 10 Mb sequence data with five super scaffolds. Of the 146 primers synthesized, 134 (91.78 %) showed expected amplification in four finger millet genotypes (GPU 28, L-5, GE 208, GE 156), among which five (UASBFM 25, UASBFM 32, UASBFM 112, UASBFM 128 and UASBFM 130) were polymorphic between parents (GPU 28, L-5) of a mapping population studied. Along with five new, the two previously identified polymorphic primers (FMgSSR 73465 and UGEP 53) were also used to genotype the mapping population (F2). Out of seven polymorphic primers 5 primers produced expected Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1 while two primers UASBFM 112 and UASBFM 128 produced only female specific bands in F2 plants suggesting maternal inheritance of the marker. The F2 plants were phenotyped for 16 quantitative traits under field conditions. Single marker analysis indicated association of seed yield with markers UASBFM 25, UASBFM 32, UASBFM 130; total ear head weight with markers UASBFM 25, UASBFM 130; 1000-seed weight with markers UASBFM 32, UASBFM 130 and root length with markers UASBFM 32 and UGEP 53. The STRUCTURE analysis classified F2 population into three genetic subpopulations.ThesisItem Open Access BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPOST TEA INDUCED RESPONSES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) AND MARIGOLD (Tagetes erecta L.) CROPS: ANALYSIS OF GROWTH PROMOTION, YIELD AND DEFENSE RESPONSE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-09-09) SANJANA, D.; VEENA, S. ANILThe excessive use of agrochemicals in crop production leads to environmental pollution and health hazards, and thus development of alternative approaches of biocontrol and growth promotion for enhanced crop productivity is of paramount importance. One such approach is the foliar spray of ‘compost teas’ (Anil et al., 2017). Aerated and non-aerated fermentation are the two dominant approaches in preparation of compost tea. In this study groundnut varieties GKVK5 and TMV2 and marigold variety Arka Agni were used to evaluate the efficacy of compost tea in enhancing yield and controlling fungal diseases under field conditions. Compost tea treatments along with single spray of fungicide manages Late leaf spot disease and enhances biomass and yield (30%) in groundnut. Similarly, in marigold, compost tea in an integrated strategy showed higher flower yield (26%) and suppressed Alterneria blight as compared to recommended fungicide control. Compost tea promotes induced systemic resistance in groundnut and marigold with enhanced levels of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, phenols and flavonoids. In marigold crop field studies showed more beneficial results with nonaerated compost tea, while in case of groundnut aerated and non-aerated compost teas were on par with each other. Compost tea was observed to enhance callus proliferation in vitro and induced defense enzymes in groundnut and marigold cells. The study also recorded significant changes in membrane potential of groundnut calli cells when exposed to compost tea. The study thus shows that compost tea based strategy is an effective biocontrol, and growth promoter in groundnut and marigold crops.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PHYTOHORMONES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) ACCESSIONS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-30) GOUTHAM, P. S.Tomato is one of the most popular and widely grown vegetable around the world. In India, it ranks second among vegetables next to potato in terms of area and production. The effects of phytohormones Gibberellic acid and Jasmonic acid on eight tomato accessions and two check varieties were tested on parameters such as growth, yield and quality. Plants were raised in main field and sprayed with GA3 and JA during 20 and 40 DAT in three different concentrations (GA3- 25, 50, 100 PPM and JA 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 mmolL1 ). GA3 at 25 PPM improved characters such as locule number and number of fruits per cluster and 50 PPM of GA3 improved characters such as plant height, number of branches, fruit length and width, fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, total fruit yield, TSS, Vitamin C, carotenoids and lycopene content. JA application at 0.1mmolL-1 improved the characters such as number of branches, fruit width, total fruit yield per plant and pulp thickness. JA application at 0.25mmolL-1 improved the biochemical traits such as carotenoids and lycopene content. Thus, GA3 at 25 and 50 PPM and JA at 0.1 and 0.25 mmolL-1 , can be used to improve the yield nutritional quality of tomato.ThesisItem Open Access DE NOVO INDUCTION OF ROOTING IN GUAVA AND JACKFRUIT THROUGH MACROPROPAGATION TECHNIQUES(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-09-21) GAZALA ANWAR SHAIKH; VAGEESHBABU S. HANURRooting is important in fruit crops like guava and jackfruit for quality planting material production. But, by conventional methods, induction of rooting is difficult. In this investigation, an attempt was made to induce de no rooting in guava varieties like Arka Kiran and Arka Mridula and in jackfruit varieties like Gumless and Tubugere-1 through macropropagation methods. In these fruit crops, root induction was done using four different PGPR strains like AR1, AR2, AR3 and AR1000 and different combinations PGPR and hormone treatments was used. Out of the four PGPR strains PGPR strain AR 1000 was found to be better in inducing roots. Out of different hormones used, IBA and NAA were found to be better in inducing roots and AR 1000 in combination with IBA also gave good results in both guava and jackfruit. Shoot tip micrografting was done onto already established rootstocks. Softwood grafting method was also undertaken in guava and jackfruit varieties which gave us very good results. We obtained adventitious rooting in all the selected treatments.ThesisItem Open Access ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Pseudomonas SPECIES AND ITS EFFECT ON PLANT GROWTH(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-08-27) SREENIVASAMURTHY, G. T.; HARINIKUMAR, K. M.Fluorescent Pseudomonads belong to plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), the important group of bacteria that play a major role in the plant growth promotion, induced systemic resistance, biological control of pathogens etc. Many strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens are known to enhance plant growth promotion and reduce severity of various diseases. This investigation was carried out to study the molecular and physiological characterization of Pseudomonas species isolated from different locations of Tumakuru and Bengaluru district and its effects on the root growth of ground nut and finger millet . Pseudomonas strains from different locations were isolated, identified and confirmed as Pseudomonas fluorescens using standard synaptic keys. These included microscopic observation, biochemical and physiological characters like oxidase test, catalase test, casein hydrolysis test, starch hydrolysis and growth studies at 40C and 410C. Isolates were identified and characterized as Pseudomonas fluorescens. Molecular diversity of these isolates were characterized by 16S rDNA universal primers analysis. out of twelve isolates best performing six isolates enhanced root growth were sent for sequencing and the sequence obtained were compared against sequences on the GenBank at the NCBI website. Analysis of the sequences by BLAST tool on the NCBI website indicated that isolate PS-GN, PS-T, PS-FM matched 97% with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Simultaneously plant growth response studies using groundnut and finger millet as host were conducted. In plants inoculated with P. fluorescens isolates, the root length, fresh and dry weight of roots, remained higher than the uninoculated plants. In the experiment conducted, isolates of rhizospheric soil selected from ground nut (PS-GN) tomato (PST) and fingermillet (PS-FM) performed well compared to other isolates with respect to all the parameters mentioned above.ThesisItem Open Access MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) RIL POPULATION DERIVED FROM CROSS BETWEEN CHINAMUNG AND BL849 FOR POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE RESISTANCE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2019-08-27) PARIMALA, N. K.; Harinikumar, K. M.Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L). Wilczek) is a kharif pulse crop cultivated for its seeds and also as green manuring crop for soil enrichment. The yield in case of mungbean is greatly affected by numerous abiotic and biotic factors. Among biotic factors, Powdery mildew is one of the foliar disease caused by the fungal pathogen Erysiphe polygoni DC, that incidence results in the 20-40 per cent of yield reduction. The parental lines and two checks (Chinamung, BL849 and KKM-3, Pusa baisaki) and 96 F8 Recombinant Inbrid Lines (RILs) were sown in field for powdery mildew disease screening based on five per cent scale to identify highly resistant and highly susceptible RILs. Among 96 RILs, nine are moderately resistant, sixty are moderately susceptible, twenty-four are susceptible and three are highly susceptible. All the 96 RILs were phenotyped for 12 quantitative traits under field conditions. The GCV and PCV were found higher for important yield contributing traits and seed yield is positively correlated with major yield contributing traits. The parental polymorphism study showed only 14 are found polymorphic out of 248 primers. Among the 14 polymorphic primers only one primer DMBSSR130 showed segregation in Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA). Single Marker Analysis (SMA) revealed that two primers (DMBSSR130 and DMBSSR125) was significantly linked to powdery mildew resistant gene with R2 value of 79 per cent and 73 per cent respectivelyThesisItem Open Access EXPRESSION STUDIES OF ANTIFUNGAL GENES IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY AGAINST TURCICUM LEAF BLIGHT (Exserohilum turcicum)(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-29) ADARSHA, D. P.; NAGESHA, N.Maize (Zea mays L.) is the world’s third most important cereal crop including India. Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) commonly referred to as Northern leaf blight is one of the major fungal diseases of maize causing significant yield loss. In the present investigation, twenty-three maize genotypes were screened for resistance against Turcicum leaf blight under artificial epiphytotic condition. Out of twenty-three genotypes, nine genotypes were showed as resistant and eight genotypes were showed as susceptible genotypes. Expression of two antifungal genes chitinase and glucanase were screened for twenty-one genotypes through semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The relative expression pattern of these two antifungal genes before and after the pathogen infection showed that the expression of these genes was more of genotype-dependent than pathogen and there are multiple factors which induce expression of these anti-fungal genes. Micropropagation of the maize for direct regeneration was done using nodal explants from the maize coleoptiles. Three Turcicum leaf blight susceptible maize genotypes (NAI179, NAI193, and HKI413) were used for micropropagation studies. MS media with different combinations of growth regulators were used to induce shoots and roots. The best responding explants for the shooting was recorded in NAI179 on MS + 1.5 mgL-1 BAP media. Fastest responding genotype was found to be HKI413 on MS + 0.5 mgL-1 BAP media. The maximum number of shoots were recorded in NAI179 on 1.5 MS + mgL-1 BAP media and maximum shoot elongation was seen in NAI193 on MS + 2.5 mgL-1 BAP + 0.5 mgL-1 IBA. The best response for rooting was observed in NAI179 on MS + 0.5 mgL-1 BAP + 2.0 mgL-1 NAA media.ThesisItem Open Access STANDARDIZATION OF REGENERATION AND TRANSFORMATION OF Coleus forskohlii WITH THE TRAIL GENE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2019-08-22) VALEETA MARINA DSOUZA; ANITHA PETERColeus forskohlii is a medicinal plant of perennial and aromatic nature. Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and the presently available treatments for cancer have several serious side effects and costly. Bio pharming has a great role in producing drugs at low cost. In the present investigation TNF Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) gene was made to expressed in the Coleus forskohlii. The standardization of regeneration protocol of Coleus forskohlii using leaf explants was conducted. Various concentrations of growth hormones such as auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (BAP) were tired to induce regeneration. Significantly highest percent of callus, mean number of shoots per callus and the rooting was obtained in the combination containing 9 mg L-1 of BAP and 0.4 mg L-1 of IAA. Screening of plant putative transformants was done using PCR for gene integration and for the expression studies, c-DNA analysis, direct plate ELISA, indirect dot immuonobinding assay (DIBA) and SDS-PAGE analysis was carried out. PCR amplification showed the presence of 400bp of TRAIL gene amplicon in transformed plants and the protein size obtained through SDS-PAGE analysis was about 30kDa.