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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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200926
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 26
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF BIO-ENERGY TRAITS IN SWEET SORGHUM {Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2009-10-16) VINAY KUMAR, , R; B. N. JAGADEESH
    No Abstract
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic variability for water use efficiency, grain yield and their related traits under aerobic condition in F2 population of three crosses of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-07-10) ANJALI, D.; RAJANNA, M. P.
    F2 generation of three rice crosses viz., KMP-105 x IET 15963 (cross I), KMP-105 x Rasi (cross II), KMP-148 x IET 15963 (cross III), were evaluated for water use efficiency, grain yield and its related traits during summer-2009 at Zonal Agricultural Research Station ,V.C. Farm, Mandya. Significant variability was observed among F2 individuals for all the traits studied. High PCV and GCV estimates, high heritability and high genetic advance as per cent mean was recorded by grain yield plant'1, productive tillers plant'1 and spikelets panicle'1. Moderate PCV and GCV, high heritability and high genetic advance were observed for plant height, spikelet fertility, harvest index, specific leaf area and SCMR. Low PCV and GCV, high heritability and low genetic advance were observed for days to 50 per cent flowering and A13C. Low PCV and GCV, high heritability and moderate genetic advance were observed for panicle length and 1000-grain weight. Plant height, productive tillers plant'1, spikelets panicle'1 and harvest index had significant positive association with grain yield plant in all three crosses. Path coefficient analysis suggests direct contribution of productive tillers plant'1, harvest index,’ spikelet fertility per cent to grain yield in all the three crosses. Superior segregants combining both high yielding ability and low A13C were identified in F2 generation of all the three crosses. These plants can be advanced to further generations for selection of homozygous superior segregants. In general, cross I registered more number of favourable transgressive segregants for A13C and grain yield followed by cross II and cross III. The present study has identified a few such promising plants viz., plant 86 in cross I; plant 105 in cross II; plant 42 in cross III which produced more grain yield and were more water use efficient (low A13C).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF BIO-ENERGY TRAITS IN SWEET SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-07-15) VINAY KUMAR, R.; JAGADEESH, B. N.
    Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) which is similar to grain sorghum with sugar-rich stalks and a water-use efficient crop has a very good potential as an alternative feed stock for ethanol production. It has a great potential for jaggery, syrup and biofuel (ethanol) production. An investigation was carried out in Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] to evaluate 72 new hybrids produced through L × T mating design to generate information on combining ability effects, gene action and heterosis in respect of bio-energy traits and grain yield traits. Combining ability analysis indicated predominance of non-additive gene action in the genetic control of all the characters studied. Eleven lines E 36-1, SEREDO, NTJ 2, ICSV 93046, ICSV 700, ICSV 111, GD 65008, SPV 1411, ICSR 160, ICSR 25263 and ICSR 196 and two testers ICSA 38 and ICSA 84 were identified as good general combiners based on their gca effects. Contribution of line × testers interaction and lines was more compared to testers to the total variance in hybrids for all characters. Only one hybrid was superior over standard check for grain yield, while seven hybrids exhibited higher standard heterosis for ethanol yield. The present study identified NTJ 2 and ICSR 196 from inbred lines and ICSA 38 x E 36-1, ICSA 102 x ICSR 91005, ICSA 38 x NTJ 2 and ICSA 38 x ICSR 93034 from hybrids as dual purpose sweet sorghum superior genotypes for both ethanol and grain yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF NEW CMS LINES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) FOR THEIR POTENTIAL IN HYBRID RICE BREEDING PROGRAMME
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-07-20) DEVARAJA, C.; SHIVAKUMAR, N.
    An investigation was carried out at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V.C Farm, Mandya during summer 2009 to study the morphological and floral characters of nine new CMS lines. Among them, KCMS 29A, KCMS 31A, KCMS 33A, KCMS 35A and KCMS 37A were promising with ideal morphological and floral traits. Using these nine CMS lines and eleven testers ninety nine hybrids were generated and when evaluated based on spikelet fertility of corresponding hybrids, the testers MSN-62, MSN-20-13, MSN-63, MSN-64 and MSN-68 were identified as good maintainers while, KMR 3, KMR 4 and MSN 67 as good restorers. Analysis of variance for combining ability indicated that, the CMS lines KCMS 33A, KCMS 37A and CRMS 31A, and the testers KMR-3, KMR-4 and MSN-67 had high overall GCA. Higher magnitude of SCA compared to GCA indicated the predominance of non-additive gene action for all the nine traits under study. The conditional probability of a cross having high overall sca status was 0.39 when both parents had high gca effect and when one of the parents had high gca effect it was 0.34. The per cent contribution of testers was more compared to CMS lines towards the expression of traits like seed yield per plant (54.44), plant height (48.54), grain L/B ratio (42.74) and 1000 grain weight (42.11). Six hybrid combinations with better specific combining ability exhibited significantly high standard heterosis over the check hybrid KRH 2 for seed yield per plant. They were KCMS 31A/KMR-3 (46.35%), CRMS 31A/KMR-3 (29.58%), KCMS 33A/KMR-4 (29.30%), CRMS 31A/KMR-4 (13.14%), KCMS 34A/Thanu (12.00%) and KCMS 37A/Thanu (9.54%).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IDENTIFICATION OF PARENTAL POLYMORPHISM USING SSR MARKERS AND EVALUATION OF SEGREGATING POPULATION FOR RUST RESISTANCE IN COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp).
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2009-09-15) ASISH, I. EDAKKALATHUR; UMA, M. S.
    A study was conducted to identify polymorphic SSR markers among nine parental lines of cowpea and to estimate inheritance pattern of rust resistance in F2 population of C-152 X IC 68786 during kharif 2008 at Main Research Station, Hebbal, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. Microsatellite aided diversity analysis revealed low percentage of polymorphism. Out of 36 SSR primers, four were polymorphic with two to four alleles per locus. Primers VM 1, VM 28, VM 36 and VM 68 produced polymorphic bands and polymorphism percentage was 11.11. Dendrogram constructed with polymorphic markers grouped nine genotypes into seven clusters. Clustering was in accordance with geographical origin and distinguished the cultivated varieties from the landraces. Susceptibility was dominant over resistance in the following F1s viz., C-152 X IC 68786, C-152 X IC 243353 and C-152 X IC 219607. The inheritance studies of rust in F2 population produced majority of moderately susceptible and susceptible plants and a few resistant, moderately resistant and highly susceptible plants. Polygenic control of rust resistance was supported by rare occurrence of extreme phenotypes, transgressive segregants and continuous segregation for per cent leaf area under rust infection in F2 population. Further, the frequency distribution of per cent leaf area under rust incidence was normal and platykurtic. Estimates of PCV and GCV indicated high variability for seed yield per plant, number of pods per plant and number of clusters per plant. Heritability estimates were high for yield and yield contributing characters with moderate to high genetic advance indicating action of mainly additive genes in controlling the above. Significant positive association of all the component characters with seed yield per plant was observed. Segregating population of C-152 X IC 68786 produced 2.53 per cent of superior segregants in respect of seed yield and its contributing traits combined.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON GENOTYPE x ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS IN SELECTED GENOTYPES OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) OVER EXTENDED DATES OF SOWING
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-07-16) SANDHYA KIRANMAI, M.; VENKATARAVANA, P.
    Twenty groundnut genotypes were evaluated in three environments from July III week to August II week for 15 characters to study Genotype x Environment interaction, correlation, path analysis and screening for disease resistance. Mean performance of genotypes in three different environments indicated that environment I was the most favorable for better expression of most of the characters. The phenotypic stability of 20 selected genotypes over three environments was estimated for yield and yield related traits. The mean square due to genotypes, environments and genotype x environment interaction were found significant for all the characters. GPBD-4, K-6, TMV-2, VG-9866 were promising genotypes for pod yield for majority of characters with higher mean performance across the three environments. The character association indicated a strong positive association between association between pod yield per plant and kernel yield per plant, oil yield per plant, and late leaf spot resistance irrespective of the environments. Plant height, 100 kernel weight and harvest index were strongly correlated with kernel yield per plant and pod yield per plant. The path coefficient analysis revealed that direct effect of kernel yield per plant was highest followed by oil content, oil yield per plant. The indirect effect was highest through harvest index, number of matured pods per plant, late leaf spot resistance, rust resistance and 100-kernel weight. Out of 20 genotypes screened for resistance to diseases Chintamani-1, Chintamani- 2, Chintamani-3, R-2001-2, GPBD-4, K-134 were resistant to rust and late leaf spot in all the environments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DISSECTION OF VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN MACRO AND MICRONUTRIENTS CONTENTS, MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS AND THEIR INTER-RELATIONSHIP IN FINGER MILLET (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) CORE AND MINI CORE GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-07-20) DHANALAKSHMI, T. N.; RAMESH, S.
    An investigation was carried out at Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), Mandya, during 2008 kharif to dissect and estimate variability components for 14 quantitative traits in 622 core germplasm accessions and three grain macronutrients (nitrogen, crude protein and potassium) and four micronutrients contents (calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc) in 89 mini core finger millet germplasm accessions, to assess relationship o f qualitative traits with quantitative traits in core germplasm and with grain macro and micronutrients contents in mini core germplasm. Results revealed significant genetic differences for all the quantitative trails among core accessions and for grain macro and micro nutrients contents in mini core acccssions. Narrow differences between phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) and genotypic coefficient o f variability (GCV) suggested limited influence of weather variables on the expression of core accessions for most of the quantitative traits which has very well reflected in higher heritability and predicted genetic advance. The grouping of 89 mini core accessions into 20 clusters based on quantitative traits and into 16 clusters based on grain macro and micronutrients contents suggested substantial differentiation among the acccssions. Geographical origin did not appear to be a cause for acccssions differentiation. Neither quantitative traits nor grain macro and micronutrient contents had any relationship with qualitative traits such as grain color, plant pigmentation and nature o f ear head. Platykurtic and negatively skewed distribution driven by genes with increasing and dominance-based duplicate type epistatic effects suggested that selection for grain yield is expected to be rapid under mild selection from the existing variability among the accessions. The accessions (IE 2322 and IE 6059) that arc contrasting for plant height, number of productive tillers plant'1 and grain yield are useful for classical inheritance studies, in breeding programmes, for developing multi-trait mapping population for molecular dissection and chromosomal localization of genes controlling these traits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR DIVERSITY AND TAGGING OF RAPD MARKER TO MUNGBEAN YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS (MYMV) RESISTANCE IN MUNGBEAN [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-09-10) PRAVEEN, B. HOLEYACHI.; SAVITHRAMMA, D. L.
    The present study was undertaken to identify RAPD marker associated with Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) resistance in mungbean using bulked segregant analysis in 93 F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of the cross Chinamung x BL-849 which were sown in 3 replications.Observations for 11 morphological characters were recorded.. Thirty nine lines were found to be resistant, 18 lines were moderately resistant, 27 lines were moderately susceptible, 8 lines were susceptible and one line was highly susceptible to MYMV. Out of 20 primers used only ten primers showed polymorphism between parents Chinamung and BL 849. Only one primer UBC 499 out of 10 primers exhibited polymorphism between both parents, bulks and it amplified a single 700 bp band in resistant BL 849, resistant bulk and in individuals of F5 RILs constituting the resistant bulk which was absent in susceptible parent Chinamung and susceptible bulk indicating that primer UBC 499 was linked to MYMV resistance. This marker can be used in screening mungbean genotypes for resistance to MYMV disease. Genetic diversity studies in 28 mungbean cultivars using 15 RAPD primers, the dendrogram obtained by unweighted pair group using arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method resolved the cultivars into five major clusters. Squared euclidean distance ranged from 3 to 59 indicating presence of diversity among 28 genotypes. In an separate experiment involving F4 and F5 generation of three crosses in mungbean, all the characters studied showed nonsignificant correlation between F4-F5 generation except plant height and number of pods per cluster which showed a positive significant association in the cross PS 16 x KM-1883 and selection for these characters is worth attempting.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSGENIC CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.) LINES RESISTANT TO Helicoverpa armigera (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2009-07-10) ASHARANI, B. M.; GANESHAIAH, K. N.
    Insect resistant transgenics provide an exciting option as they are likely to reduce the usage of insecticides for pest management and provide sources of resistance for deployment. Transgenic chickpea plants were generated through an Agrobacterium mediated, in planta transformation protocol by incorporating cry1X gene in to KAK-2 variety (strain EHA-105, harbouring the binary vector pBinAR). A tissue cultureindependent method where in the apical meristem of germinating seedlings is inoculated and reared into single transformants. These putative T1 transgenics plants were then selected by adopting multiple evaluation strategies, such as PCR, ELISA and bioassays, for selection of plants for advancement. The success rate of PCR is 15.6 per cent in T1 generation was observed. The associational studies between Cry protein levels expressed in transgenic plants , mean per cent larval mortalities of Helicoverpa armigera and leaf damage caused by Helicoverpa asmigera was observed to be non-significant in KAK-2 variety. The western analysis of PCR-positive plants in T1 generation revealed the presence of the cry protein in the transgenics. From the detached leaf bioassays of PCR positive transformants, the per cent leaf damage caused by Helicoverpa armigera was significantly more in non-transgenic plants compared to transgenic plants in the KAK-2 variety in the tested generation. It is hoped that further advancement will help produce the Helicoverpa armigera tolerant and stable transgenic chickpea variety.