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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.
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ThesisItem Open Access UTILIZATION OF BUTTERMILK AND WHEY FOR VALUE ADDITION IN BAKERY PRODUCTS(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2012-11-05) ELNAZ SADEGHIAN, LODERICHEH; Dr. NEENA JOSHIWhey and buttermilk are nutritional by-products of dairy industry. Utilization of buttermilk and whey as a functional ingredients, to add value to selected bakery products (cake, bread and cookie) was explored. Effect of replacement of liquid portion in traditional recipes with whey and buttermilk at different levels (50%, 75% and 100%) on physico-chemical, organoleptic, storage and nutritional property of products were investigated. Substitution of whey and buttermilk brought about an improvement in physical characteristics such as volume, specific volume, spread factor, height in the baked products such as cake, bread and cookie. Organoleptic characteristics, color of crust, moth feel improved with substitution of whey and buttermilk. Cake and bread with substitution of whey and buttermilk retained moisture more effectively during storage compared with control. The stored products prepared with whey and buttermilk were more acceptable than control. Microbial analysis indicated that substitution of whey and buttermilk did not have effect on shelf life of baked products. Utilization of whey and buttermilk in liquid form improved nutritional composition of baked products marginally, specially micronutrients. Best level of substitution was 75% for cake, 50% for bread and 100% for cookie Thus, it may be concluded that based on physical, organoleptic, storage and nutritional characteristics utilization of buttermilk and whey for value addition in bakery products offers advantage over the traditional products.ThesisItem Open Access HEALTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF FARM WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN HASSAN DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-20) SHIVASHANKAR, M.; Revanna, M. LAgriculture and food processing sectors are the backbone of India’s economy. The most common and vital enterprising activity for women in rural and urban area is food processing. The present study was undertaken with the objectives of assessing the health and nutritional status of farm women entrepreneurs, their socio economic profile, dietary pattern and knowledge level of health and nutritional aspects. Random stratified sampling technique was used for selection of 300 farm women entrepreneurs from the eight taluks of Hassan district. By considering the number of value added products enterprises in the taluks, 30 to 40 farm women entrepreneurs were selected randomly from each taluk to get 300 final sample size. The results revealed that the mean nutrient intake of farm women entrepreneurs was below the recommended dietary allowance for protein (41.18 g), fat (18.5 g), fiber (23.08 g), calcium (730.50 mg), iron (12.24 mg), β carotene (1821.61 μg) and vitamin C (26.15 mg). Nearly 65 per cent of the farm women had normal BMI, about one fourth of the farm women were under weight and only nine per cent of them are overweight. About 86 per cent of the farm women entrepreneurs were normal and 14 per cent of them were found to be obese. More number of the women entrepreneurs (63 %) produces finger millet based products like malt, hurihittu and papad. About 40.66 per cent women entrepreneurs were producing masala powder like sambar mix, bisibelebath and pulivagre mix. More than one fourth of the women entrepreneurs (27.33 %) are producing snack food items like potato chips, Chakkali, kodbale etc. Nearly 10 per cent of the women entrepreneurs produced products like papad, pickle, chutney powder and minor millets products. From the study, it can be brought to light that socio-economic characteristic, dietary pattern and EDP (Entrepreneurship Development Progranmme) influences farm women entrepreneurs to take up entrepreneurial activities. The skill training of farm women entrepreneurs by the state and central government institutes and loan availed through SHGs inspires them to take up entrepreneurial activities.ThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ICDS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-10-12) CHAITRA, H. M.; Neena, JoshiSupplementary nutrition programme was initiated in Government run anganwadis for bridging the energy gap of preschool children. Despite this enrolment of children in private pre-schools is on the rise in rural Karnataka. Therefore, a study to assess factors affecting nutritional status of preschool (n=100) in both these groups was conducted. Nutritional status, health status, sanitary and hygiene conditions, KAP of hygiene food safety measures was assessed. Four preschool centres located in Kadajji village of Davangere district comprising children; fifty each from ICDS anganwadi (n = 2) and private preschool centres (n = 2) were recruited. Prevalence of under nutrition among children was 40-46 per cent. Overall, 10-28 percent of the children were stunted, 24-26 per cent of them were wasted and 4-10 per cent were moderately malnourished. Majority of the children had adequate intakes for protein and calories. Consumption of quality foods, such as milk, animal foods, and fruits was less frequent. Majority of children did not exhibit frank deficiency symptoms. Hygiene standards were poor at home, school and personal level. Two major factors influencing nutritional status of preschool children was, deficient in intake of fruits and vegetables and poor environmental hygiene. Therefore, nutritional education programmes focusing on importance of eating fruits and vegetables can be advocated and improvement in environmental hygiene is recommended.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF FINGER MILLET (Eleusine coracana L.) GERMPLASM FOR MICRONUTRIENTS AND BIOACCESSIBILITY OF IRON(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-09-28) NETRAVATI, HIREMATH; Geetha, K.Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L) is one of the important food grains with good nutritional value in terms of micronutrients. However, the presence of antinutrients lowers the bioavailability of micronutrients. Hence, there is a need to improve micronutrients availability by means of biofortification. In this regard the present study was conducted to screen the finger millet germplasm for antinutrients and micronutrients. Mini core collection of finger millet germplasm (N=285) were screened for phytic acid content. One third of finger millet germplasm (n=95) as representative of ‘mini core’ were subjected for further analysis. Phytic acid in representative germplasm and five varieties ranged from 472.92 to 861.99 mg with the mean of 659.57 mg per 100 g. The range for iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus content in selected germplasm and varieties (n=100) was 1.51 to 4.65, 1.58 to 3.60, 227.82 to 368.05 and 137.49 to 179.88 mg per 100g respectively. Polyphenol and tannin content ranged from 99.22 to 215.50 mg GAE/100 g and 57.43 to 201.45 mg TAE/100 g respectively. Germplasm with different combinations of phytic acid and iron were assessed for bioaccessible iron in raw and germination along with two released varieties. Germplasm GE 4597 and GE 4976 ‘high iron and low phytic acid’ group showed high per cent of bioaccessible iron of 18.19 (0.63 mg/100 g) and 17.04 (0.57 mg/100 g) respectively than ‘low iron with high phytic acid’ lines GE 4832 and GE 5052 of 8.98 (2.39 mg/100 g) and 8.41 (2.47 mg/100 g) per cent respectively. Significant negative correlation (P<0.05) was observed for phytic acid, polyphenol and tannin with bioaccessible iron. Increased germination period improved the bioaccessible iron and phytase activity with decreased antinutritional factors. The data can be utilized for genetic biofortification, which is a cost effective and sustainable strategy to reduce micronutrient deficiency.ThesisItem Open Access BREAKFAST CONSUMPTION PATTERN AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND COGNITIVE ABILITIES OF SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-09-15) NATARAJ A., DURGANNAVAR; Vijayalakshmi, DBreakfast skipping is increasingly wide spread among children. The investigation was undertaken to study the breakfast behavior and its impact on nutritional status and cognitive abilities among school going children. A total of 200 children in the age of 10 to 12 years were selected from two schools of the Bengaluru North region through random sampling method. The children were assessed for the parameters such as breakfast skipping pattern, nutrient intake, anthropometric measurements and cognitive abilities. Of all the children studied, 22.5 per cent skipped breakfast 1-2 times a week, 23.5 per cent skipped 3-4 times in a week and 8.5 per cent skipped breakfast 5-6 times in a week period. The mean intake of all the nutrients among all the children studied was found to be less than RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowances). When compared with the breakfast consumers, skippers had lower mean intake of all the nutrients studied. Overall, 52.0 per cent of the children were normal followed by 39.5 per cent were underweight, 5.5 per cent were obese and 3.0 per cent were overweight. Higher percentages of the children who consume breakfast regularly possessed high average and average IQ (intelligent quotient) whereas breakfast skippers fell under low average and borderline IQ level. Overall, the study suggests that eating breakfast regularly is associated with healthier body weight, better diet quality and cognitive development.ThesisItem Open Access HABITUAL DIETS AND THEIR ADEQUACY AMONG FARM WOMEN OF TUMAKURU DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA STATE(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-09-12) KRUSHNA YADAV, D. K.; REVANNA, M. L.Habitual diet is a vital determinant of health and nutritional status of people in a region. The present study focuses on the habitual dietary pattern of the farm women. The investigation was performed on 300 farm women of Tumakuru district who were selected randomly in the age group of 20-60 years. A detailed schedule was formulated and used to elicit the information on various aspects related to the assessment of habitual dietary pattern. The study results revealed that majority of the farm women were non-vegetarians and followed three meal pattern a day. Food frequency revealed that the majority of farm women were consuming cereal and millet in their daily diet. The habitual dietary pattern of the farm women was rice and finger millet based foods. Finger millet was one of the staple food of the farm women and finger millet based food items acquired major part in the farm women daily diet. The intake of protective foods like green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, milk and fruits was quite low in the diets of farm women. The mean per cent adequacy of the farm women for cereal was 117 per cent. Whereas, the adequacy for pulses, milk and milk products, roots and tubers, green leafy vegetables, other vegetable, fruits, sugar and fat was 79, 75, 61, 53, 42, 24, 64 and 75% respectively, which were found to be below the RDA. The mean nutrient intake of energy (1929 Kcal), protein (39.55 g), fat (19.56 g), iron (14.50 mg), b- carotene (1954 μg) and vitamin C (24.93 mg) were below the RDA except calcium (849.67 mg) among the farm women. Hence, farm women diets were inadequate with respect to nutrients, particularly vitamin A, iron and vitamin C.ThesisItem Open Access PROMOTION OF SUSTAINABLE NUTRITION OF FARM WOMEN THROUGH NUTRI-FARMS IN CHAMARAJANAGAR DISTRICT(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-09-09) RAVI, Y.; USHA, RAVINDRAPresent study was undertaken to analyze the socio-economic and nutritional status of women involved in farm activities and to know the impact of nutri-farms on food, nutrition and health security. Using 300 farm women in Chamarajanagar district. Health and nutritional status assessment, food intake, nutritional adequacy and screening for iron deficiency anaemia and KAP study on health and nutrition was conducted. Women were categorized into Group I (Control), Group II (Nutrition education) and Group III (Nutrifarm intervention). Necessary inputs provided. Awareness was created to consume nutrifarm produce. The impact was assessed using nutritional and health status before and after establishment of nutri-farm. The results revealed that, as per the BMI classification, after the nutri-farm intervention and awareness programme, percentage in underweight and overweight were slightly changed and there was increase in the normal category (40% to 60%). In group III, mean intake of green leafy vegetables, other vegetables and fruits were found to be 42.17g, 36.47g and 17.33g respectively which was below the RDA. After the intervention, the intake of same food groups was increased to 83.50, 69.07 and 27.33g and a significant change in the per cent adequacy of energy, fiber, iron and vitamin C was found. Highest change was observed in the intake of iron (83.01 to 109.95). In group III, the haemoglobin status of the farm women were improved (Acceptable level: 37.00 to 57.00 %). The study has brought a positive change in the nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of the focused group for dietary intakes. Indicating that the nutri-farm intervention made vegetables and fruits availability easier and cheaper.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON HEALTH, FOOD AND NUTRITION INFORMATION COMMUNICATION IN POPULAR PRINT MEDIA ACCESSIBLE TO EMPLOYEES AND STUDENTS OF UAS BENGALURU(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-21) MURULI, N. V.; Shivaleela, H. B.A “Study on health, food and nutrition information communication in popular print media accessible to employees and students of UAS Bengaluru” was undertaken in the year 2016-2017 at UAS Bengaluru, which consisted of two parts viz., content analysis of daily’s and readers opinion. In content analysis, total 3720 food and nutrition information published in selected two national english (The Hindu and Deccan Herald) and two regional kannada newspapers (Prajavani and Vijay Karnataka) and two popular local magazines (Gruha Shobha & Health Magazine) were covered for reader’s opinion study, 120 UAS readers including staff (n=60) and students (n=60) reading identified dailies were considered. The data was collected with the help of pre-tested structured interview schedule. Out of 3720 food and nutrition information from daily’s studied, maximum information disseminated was nutrient in food (23.44%) followed by areas of health (21.64%) and areas related to foods and balancing them (17.80%). The food and nutrition information published was readable, adequate, clear and timely. Nutrient in food, areas of health covered and areas related to foods and balancing them were the most preferred topics. Important suggestions were publication of food and nutrition information on special supplements. Information disseminated through daily’s is authenticated with scientific support studies which extends confidence among readers for adopting them.ThesisItem Open Access EFFICACY OF NURITION COUNSELLING ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PRE-OBESE EMPLOYEES OF UAS, BENGALURU(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-08) SIDDARODHA, PADEPPAGOL; Banu, DeshpandeOne hundred and twenty pre-obese employees of UAS, GKVK, Bangalore were purposively selected and categorized into two equal groups namely control (C) and experimental (E) each comprising equal number of male and female subjects to evaluate the efficacy of nutrition counselling on their Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) levels. The socio-economic profile revealed that maximum subjects belonged to middle age group (45 - 60 years), Most of the subjects belonged to higher income and were well educated. Sedentary lifestyle, physical inactivity, high intake of calorie rich foods, higher consumption of processed/ snack foods, genetic predisposition of noncommunicable diseases was more prevalent. Lacto-vegetarian type or mixed type of dietary pattern and lack of physical exercise was predominant. The nutrition counselling was imparted for the experimental group (n=60) using suitable counselling materials developed such as leaflets and charts for a duration of three months and evaluated by pre (T1) and post evaluation (T2 ) of nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) using a composite KAP/ questionnaire. The percent gain in mean KAP scores were 13.45, 8.07, 10.93, and 0.57, 0.27, 0.48 in group E and C respectively. Further, the quantum of improvement in KAP in group E was higher i.e. 1.13, 1.07 and 1.10 times compared to group C i.e. 1.00, 1.00 and 1.00 respectively. The positive impact of nutrition counselling along with audiovisual aids was evident by the significant increase in mean scores of knowledge, attitude and practice levels after nutrition counselling (P <0.01) for the experimental group. Key words : Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Nutrition counselling