EVALUATION OF FINGER MILLET (Eleusine coracana L.) GERMPLASM FOR MICRONUTRIENTS AND BIOACCESSIBILITY OF IRON
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Date
2017-09-28
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L) is one of the important food grains with good
nutritional value in terms of micronutrients. However, the presence of antinutrients
lowers the bioavailability of micronutrients. Hence, there is a need to improve
micronutrients availability by means of biofortification. In this regard the present study
was conducted to screen the finger millet germplasm for antinutrients and micronutrients.
Mini core collection of finger millet germplasm (N=285) were screened for phytic acid
content. One third of finger millet germplasm (n=95) as representative of ‘mini core’
were subjected for further analysis. Phytic acid in representative germplasm and five
varieties ranged from 472.92 to 861.99 mg with the mean of 659.57 mg per 100 g. The
range for iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus content in selected germplasm
and varieties (n=100) was 1.51 to 4.65, 1.58 to 3.60, 227.82 to 368.05 and 137.49 to
179.88 mg per 100g respectively. Polyphenol and tannin content ranged from 99.22 to
215.50 mg GAE/100 g and 57.43 to 201.45 mg TAE/100 g respectively. Germplasm with
different combinations of phytic acid and iron were assessed for bioaccessible iron in raw
and germination along with two released varieties. Germplasm GE 4597 and GE 4976
‘high iron and low phytic acid’ group showed high per cent of bioaccessible iron of 18.19
(0.63 mg/100 g) and 17.04 (0.57 mg/100 g) respectively than ‘low iron with high phytic
acid’ lines GE 4832 and GE 5052 of 8.98 (2.39 mg/100 g) and 8.41 (2.47 mg/100 g) per
cent respectively. Significant negative correlation (P<0.05) was observed for phytic acid,
polyphenol and tannin with bioaccessible iron. Increased germination period improved
the bioaccessible iron and phytase activity with decreased antinutritional factors. The data
can be utilized for genetic biofortification, which is a cost effective and sustainable
strategy to reduce micronutrient deficiency.
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