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Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg
The College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Durg was established on 8th September, 1985 under the Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. After the formation of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur in January 20, 1987, it is included as one of the constituent colleges. This college becomes the only Veterinary College of the state when the present State of Chhattisgarh was carved out of Madhya Pradesh in the year 2000. This was followed by the announcement of the establishment of Chhattisgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya (CGKV) by His Excellency the Governor of Chhattisgarh State dated 11th April, 2012. The livestock sector of the State of Chhattisgarh intends to build a dynamic livestock economy leading to improved employment, increased economy, food security and food self-sufficiency for its people. The Veterinary College under the umbrella of CGKV, is an autonomous, non-profit making educational and research organization dedicated for the upliftment of farmer’s livelihood in Chhattisgarh. Education, research and extension are the major activities of the college through grant in-aid received from State Government, Govt. of India, ICAR and other national and international agencies to fullfill need-based mandates and objectives which are :
To impart modern education in Veterinary & Animal Sciences.
To promote and strengthen research programmes in Veterinary and Animal Sciences for safeguarding the animal health and improve livestock productivity.
To undertake effective transfer of technology to pass on the benefits of research to the line departments , farmers and entrepreneurs for adoption through extension education.
The college has highly competent and experienced faculty members who have made significant contributions in research on animal health and production and various accolades of merit. The college has implemented minimum Standards of Veterinary Education Degree Course (B.V.Sc. & A.H.) Regulations, 1993 of Veterinary Council of India and accordingly, external examination system is in vogue for B.V.Sc. & A.H. 5-year programme. The college is recognized by the Veterinary Council of India and has obtained accreditation from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
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ThesisItem Open Access ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF CAROTENIODS FROM PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA) POWDER AND ITS INCORPORATION IN FLAVOURED MILK(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2023-07-05) Vedprakash Sahu; Dr. Archana KhareThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT THERMAL TREATMENTS ON SELECTED BIO-ACTIVE AND NUTRITIONAL COMPOUNDS OF A WHEY BASED TOMATO HERBAL BEVERAGE(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2017-12-04) Jadhav Shruti Atul Kumar; Dr. Archana KhareThesisItem Open Access EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENTS FROM ROSELLE (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA L.)AND ITS UTILIZATION AS NATURAL COLORANT IN SELECTED DAIRY PRODUCTS(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2023-07-05) Rupam Sahu; Dr. Pranali NikamThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF JACKFRUIT PEEL ON NUTRIENT UTILISATION AND HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN LACTATING OSMANABADI(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2022) ARUN KUMAR SINGH; Dr. Sonali PrustyThe present study was conducted to assess the effect of dietary supplementation jackfruit peel on nutrient utilization, haemato-biochemical parameters and milk profile in lactating Osmanabadi goats. Total 12 lactating Osmanabadi goats were selected and divided into 3 groups T1, T2 and T3 of 4 goats in each. Three types of concentrate mixtures I, II and III were prepared using commonly available feed ingredients viz. maize, de-oiled rice bran, soybean meal, cotton seed cake, mineral mixture and salt. Jackfruit peel was added at the rate of 0, 10 and 20% level in the concentrate mixture I, II and III, respectively. The goats of group T1, T2 and T3 were fed concentrate mixture I, II and III, respectively at the rate of 350 g per day. Green roughage (Hybrid Napier fodder) was fed ad libitum to goats of each group. After an adaptation period of 21 days on experimental diet, goats were transferred to metabolic cages. Prior to conducting metabolic trial for a period of 5 days, the goats were kept in the cage for 3 days for adaptation. The proximate composition of JFP was dry matter (DM)- 68.73%, moisture 31.27%, crude protein (CP)- 6.28%, crude fat/ether extract (EE)- 2.76%, crude fibre (CF)- 17.19%, nitrogen free extract (NFE) 67.8% and total ash (TA)- 5.97%. Inclusion of JFP at different levels did not show any significant effect (P>0.05) on the intake, outgo (g/d) and digestibility (%) of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, crude fibre and nitrogen retention (%) among the goats of different groups. The effect of dietary inclusion of jackfruit peel at different levels on Ca and P intake, excretion and on apparent absorption was non-significant. The effect of dietary inclusion of different levels of JFP on various haematological parameters viz. haemoglobin (g/dl), packed cell volume (%) and serum biochemical parameters viz. total protein, albumin, globulin (g/dl) and A:G ratio was found to be non-significant (P>0.05). Serum ALT level was not affected by JFP supplementation whereas, AST level was significantly different between control (90.34 IU/L) and 20% JFP (64.72 IU/L) supplemented diet, possibly due to improved antioxidative status in the JFP supplemented group. Inclusion of JFP at different levels did not show any significant (P>0.05) effect on total milk yield, fat corrected milk yield (ml/d) and percentage of milk fat, SNF, protein and lactose in different groups. Jackfruit peel could be incorporated up to 20% level in Osmanabadi goats feed with no adverse effect on nutrient utilization, haemato-biochemical parameters and milk profile. Inclusion of JFP was more economical compared to feeding of unsupplemented diet and There was a reduction in 15.88% and 14.79% feed cost per goat daily on supplementing JFP at 10% and 20% levels, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON STATUS OF FISH HEALTH IN DHAMTARI DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH, INDIA(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2021) ABHINEET KUMAR SINGH; Dr. H. K. VardiaThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF BODY CONDITION SCORE ON EARLY LACTATION PERFORMANCE IN SAHIWAL COWS(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2017) AMIT SHEKHAR; Dr. V. N. KhuneThe study was conducted on 26 purebred Sahiwal cows during early lactation period (calving to 98 days postpartum) in two farms i.e., the CBF and BMEF with the objectives to observe the variations in body condition score, milk production, peak yield, milk composition viz., milk fat, milk protein, lactose and milk SNF and their interrelationships in Sahiwal cows during early lactation period. The experiment was conducted in cows which were calved during January 2017 to April 2017. The data were classified on the basis of farms (CBF and BMEF), BCS at calving (lower, medium and higher groups) and postpartum changes in BCS (no change, moderate loss and high loss groups). BCS was measured using the scoring system of 1 to 5 point scale with quarter point increment at fortnightly intervals during the early lactation period. The Sahiwal cows of CBF herd calved at an average BCS of 3.64±0.05, non significantly higher than that of the BMEF herd (3.45±0.07). The overall postpartum mean BCS of cows of CBF (3.28±0.04) differed significantly from that of BMEF (3.09±0.08). The overall mean milk fat concentration of Sahiwal cows of CBF herd (3.32±0.03%) was non significantly higher than that of BMEF herd (3.29±0.02%). The overall mean milk fat % is significantly higher (P<0.01) in Sahiwal cows of higher BCS at calving group (3.43±0.02%) than those of lower (3.27±0.01%) and medium BCS at calving groups (3.26±0.01%). While, the overall mean milk fat concentration for no change, moderate loss and high loss groups based on postpartum change were 3.26±0.05%, 3.26±0.05% and 3.27±0.07%, respectively. The overall mean milk protein concentration in BMEF cows (3.82±0.15%) was non significantly higher than those of CBF cows (3.78±0.04%). The overall mean milk protein concentrations in the cows having lower (3.89±0.12%) and medium (3.91±0.02%) BCS at calving were significantly (P<0.01) higher than that observed in cows of higher BCS at calving (3.63±0.07%). The overall mean milk lactose % of BMEF cows (4.70±0.05%) were significantly (P<0.01) higher than those of CBF cows (4.51±0.07%). Significantly (P<0.05) lesser overall postpartum mean lactose percentage was observed in cows of higher BCS at calving group (4.47±0.07%) than those of lower (4.68±0.04%) and medium (4.66±0.04%) BCS at calving groups. Significantly (P<0.01) lesser overall mean lactose percentage was observed in Sahiwal cows of high loss group (4.39±0.05%) than those of medium (4.59±0.05%) group which further was significantly lower than cows of no change (4.78±0.04%) group. The overall mean milk SNF concentrations of Sahiwal cows calved at lower (8.80±0.03%) and higher (8.74±0.02%) BCS at calving were significant than cows calved at medium BCS group (8.66±0.03%). The mean milk SNF concentrations in Sahiwal cows of no change (8.74±0.02%) and high loss (8.72±0.03%) groups were significantly higher than that of the moderate loss group (8.56±0.03%). In most of the groups, significant reduction in the mean milk SNF concentration from calving to at 98 days post-partum was observed. The Sahiwal cows having higher BCS at calving had given significantly (P<0.01) higher amount of milk (683.26±19.62 kg) during early lactation period than those of lower and medium range of BCS at calving i.e. 547.87±19.35 kg and 541.58±18.85 kg, respectively. Similarly the peak milk yield in cows of higher BCS at calving group (7.95±0.26 kg) was significantly higher than those of lower and medium range of BCS at calving i.e. 6.75±0.25 kg and 6.75±0.22 kg, respectively. The Sahiwal cows of higher BCS at calving had yielded significantly higher total milk fat (22.43±0.59 kg), average milk fat per kg of milk (34.38±0.25 g), total protein (24.73±0.75 kg), average milk protein per kg of milk (36.41±0.53 g), total lactose (30.28±0.73 kg) and total milk SNF (58.97±1.86 kg) than the medium and lower BCS at calving group of cows. This might be due to that the cows of higher BCS at calving had calved at significantly higher BCS at calving than the medium and lower group cows. However, the average lactose per kg of milk and average milk SNF per kg of milk of higher BCS at calving group cows were significantly lesser than those of lower group i.e. 46.87±0.51 g and 88.13±0.31 g, respectively. The Sahiwal cows having moderate and high unit loss in BCS from calving had given significantly (P<0.01) higher amount of milk (613.83±26.97 kg and 677.02±29.65 kg, respectively) during early lactation period than those of no change group (530.22±15.14 kg). Similarly the mean BCS at calving in the Sahiwal cows of moderate (3.58±0.07) and high unit loss (3.80±0.05) groups were significantly higher than the BCS at calving of cows of no change group (3.38±0.06). Similarly, the peak milk yield in cows of having moderate and high unit loss in postpartum BCS groups (7.41±0.28 kg and 7.90±0.36 kg, respectively) were significantly higher than cows of no change group (6.55±0.19 kg). Similar to the significant trend obtained for early milk production the Sahiwal cows of postpartum moderate and high loss in BCS groups had yielded significantly higher total milk fat (20.00±0.91 kg and 22.11±0.81 kg), than the cows of no change group (17.30±0.51 kg). However, non significant differences in milk fat grams per kg of milk were noticed in these groups. Average total milk protein of Sahiwal cows of postpartum moderate loss and high loss in BCS groups (23.24±0.83 kg and 24.33±1.17 kg) was significantly higher than that of no change group (20.50±0.62 kg). However, the cows of no change and moderate loss groups had given significantly higher amount of milk protein per unit of milk (39.00±0.54 g and 38.70±0.90 g) than those of high loss groups (36.53±0.70 g). Associations between BCS at different periodical intervals of early lactation yield, peak milk yield, days to attain peak yield and milk fat, milk protein, lactose, SNF parameters of all cows in all the classifications have been worked out to understand the role of each of them in modulating the profiles during early lactation period in Sahiwal cows.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON OCCURENCE OF AFLATOXIN M1 IN MARKET MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2019-08) Deeksha Dipak Hattimare; Dr. Sanjay ShakyaAflatoxin contamination of milk via contaminated animal feed is the main contributing factor, for the presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and milk product. Aflatoxins have deleterious effects on human and animal health and considered as hepatotoxic, immunosuppressive, mutagenic and teratogenic. The present study was undertaken for detection and quantification of AFM1 in market milk and milk product samples collected from different cities of Chhattisgarh state. A total of 139 samples comprising vendor’s milk (n=46), pasteurized milk (n=15), UHT milk (n=12), milk powder (n=6), flavored milk (n=40), curd (n=7), butter milk (n=7) and lassi (n=6) were tested for the AFM1. Initially samples were screened by dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction method and the samples found positive were further extracted by immune affinity column. Estimation of AFM1 was performed by HPLC with fluorescence detector. An isocratic mobile phase of acetonitrile: water (33:67, v/v) was used. The flow rate was kept at 1 ml/min. Chromatography was performed by using a fluorescence detector (FD) with excitation and emission wavelength of 355 and 435 nm, respectively. The data processing were performed by Empower3 software. Overall prevalence of AFM1 was 36.69 % with UHT milk having highest prevalence rate of 41.66% followed by vendor’s milk (41.30%), pasteurized milk (40%), milk powder (33.33%), lassi (33.33%), flavored milk (32.50%), curd (28.57%) and butter milk (28.57%). The highest mean residual concentration of 0.4858±0.42631 µg/l for milk powder was in the range of ND – 2.608 µg/l followed by 0.4156±0.16965 µg/l for UHT milk, 0.2779±0.10385 µg/l for pasteurized milk, 0.2731±0.09284 µg/l for raw milk, 0.2163±0.14434 µg/l for butter milk, 0.1353±0.03735 µg/l for flavored milk, 0.0730±0.04825 µg/l for curd and 0.0607±0.5030 µg/l for lassi. Out of total 51 samples found positive for AFM1, 94.11% and 45.09 % samples exceeded the EC and FSSAI recommended MRL of 0.05 μg/l and 0.5 μg/l respectively. Significant reductions in the levels of AFM1 were recorded in samples exposed to microwave radiation (29.39%) followed by samples treated by boiling (21.03%) and pasteurization (11.50%). Reduction in AFM1 was observed to be greater by prolonging the exposure time in microwave than by increasing microwave wattage. The estimated daily intake (EDI) in milk, recorded during present study was 0.721 ng/kg bw per day for adults and 1.202 ng/kg bw per day for children which is 12.43 times higher than the intake calculated for Latin American. The overall HI was recorded >1 which showed high risk of liver cancer to milk consumers of Chhattisgarh.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON MOLECULAR DETECTION AND RISK FACTORS FOR MYCOBACTERIUM SPP., BRUCELLA SPP. AND COXIELLA BURNETII INFECTION IN SMALL RUMINANTS AND IN-CONTACT HUMANS IN CHHATTISGARH(2024) VIVEK KUMAR NAIK; Dr Sanjay ShakyaThe present study was undertaken to explore the zoonotic infections due to Mycobacteria spp., Brucella spp., and Coxiella burnetii. The research aimed to unravel the transmission dynamics of these pathogens between small ruminants and in-contact humans, employing molecular detection methods such as Multiplex PCR for Mycobacteria bovis detection, PCR for Brucella genus identification, AMOS PCR for Brucella species identification, and real-time PCR for Coxiella burnetii detection. The study utilized specific genetic markers, including RD4 and RD1, B4 and B5, AMOS with one reverse primer, and Com1 primer for Mycobacteria spp., Brucella spp., and Coxiella burnetii detection, respectively. Risk factor analysis was conducted using a questionnaire method and SPSS software for univariable and multivariable logistic regression. The study unveiled a 0.75% prevalence of Mycobacteria bovis in small ruminants, with a corresponding herd-level prevalence of 2.6%. Notably, individual animallevel risk factors, encompassing species, age, and sample type, failed to demonstrate statistical significance. Conversely, herd-level risk factors, specifically the number of small ruminants (OR = 1.158, p = 0.003) and the introduction of new animals (OR = 1.090, p = 0.034), were found to be significant. Multivariable logistic regression further revealed that a larger flock size (OR= 1.15, p= 0.004) was significantly associated, emphasizing the complex nature of zoonotic tuberculosis transmission and underscoring the imperative for continuous research to facilitate effective control measures. For Brucella spp., the study disclosed 2.26% prevalence of Brucella melitensis in small ruminants, with variations in species, gender, age, and flock size. Among the 131 small ruminant flocks, 14 flocks were found positiveThesisItem Open Access PREVALENCE, MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI INFECTION IN CATTLE(Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, 2019-07) ABHISHEK HOTA; Dr. S.K. MaitiIn India, trypanosomiasis, popularly known as “Surra” caused by T. evansi, a haemo flagellated protozoan parasite produces acute to chronic disease in a wide range of animals. The parasite can be microscopically identified only in clinical cases, not in latent or carrier animals. Therefore a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of T. evansi infection through a multistage sampling method in the plain regions of Chhattisgarh state during the three seasons (April 2018- January 2019). For this study, a total of 920 samples were collected from cattle of different breed, age, sex and rearing systems. An overall prevalence of T. evansi of 4.57% (95% CI: 3.22-5.92) through microscopical examination, 63.91% (95% CI: 60.81-67.01) through WCLA ELISA and 55.33% (95% CI: 52.12- 58.54) by IFAT was recorded during the study. There was a variation in prevalence of T. evansi with respect to different risk factors like sector, age, sex, breed, season and district. A significant difference in spatial distribution of T. evansi antibody was recorded among cattle of different farms (Organised) and villages (Unorganised household rearing units) and significant difference was also observed in temporal distribution of T. evansi antibody with respect to different seasons by ELISA and IFAT. Through binary logistic regression analysis, different risk association in respect to prevalence was also analysed. It was observed that prevalence of T. evansi through microscopical examination has a higher risk association in HF cross breed cattle during rainy season. Risk of prevalence of T. evansi antibody as per WCLA ELISA was significantly higher during summer and rainy season and IFAT was significantly higher among organised sectors during the summer and rainy season. Repeat breeding cattle recorded during the survey had T. evansi antibody as per ELISA and a significant higher Odd’s ratio was recorded with seropositivity by IFAT. Molecular detection of six microscopically T. evansi positive cases was done by PCR at 477bp for ITS1 and sequences submitted to NCBI were found having maximum similarity with the isolates published from Hissar, Haryana with some mutation and additions at some positions. Pathological effects of T. evansi in affected cattle were altered haemato-biochemical profile which included significant anaemia accompanied by leucopenia, lymphopenia, oesinophilia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia and reduced Glucose, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, A/G ratio and increased BUN, AST, ALT and Creatinine. Twenty cattle naturally affected with T. evansi were divided into two groups; group I comprising of 10 animals were treated with Isometamidium @ 0.5 mg/kg b.wt, i/m single dose and group II comprising of 10 animals were treated with Quinapyramine @ 4.4 mg/kg.b.wt, s/c, single dose. Animals of the both treated groups also received supportive therapy. Animals of both the treated groups were found microscopically negative for T. evansi on 3rd day post treatment and restored the altered haemato-biochemical parameters during post-treatment observation period.
