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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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2014 - 20162
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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2014 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Toxicological evaluation of indoxacarb and its amelioration by Hedychium spicatum L. in WLH cockerels and HepG2 cell culture models
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-09) Choudhary, Govind Kumar; Singh, S.P.
    This research work was undertaken to assess the immunotoxicological potential of indoxacarb and its amelioration following administration of Hedychium spicatum rhizome powder (HSRP) @ 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm in feed for 16 weeks study in White Leghorn Cockerels by determining the hematobiochemical and antioxidant parameters. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolics, glycoside, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, diterpine, resins, fat and oils, phytosterols and tannins. In vitro evaluation of antioxidant property of different extracts by DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide free radical scavenging assay showed that the methanolic extract has minimum IC50 in comparison to other extracts. Methanolic extract contained maximum concentrations of flavonoid and phenolics and also possessed in vitro anthelmintic efficacy against Hemonchus contortus. Forty nine male white leghorn chicks were divided equally and randomly into seven groups viz. I, II, III, IV, V VI and VII. Group I served as control and other groups were fed medicated ration as indoxacarb @ 250 ppm in II, silymarin @ 250 ppm in III, silymarin @250 ppm + indoxacarb @ 250 ppm in IV, HSRP @ 4000 ppm in group V, HSRP @ 2000 ppm + indoxacarb @ 250 ppm in group VI and HSRP @ 4000 ppm + indoxacarb @ 250 ppm in group VII, respectively, for 16 weeks and parameters were recorded at 8 and 16 weeks interval. A significant (P<0.05) decline in body weight and body weight gain was measured in indoxacarb treated cockerels, whereas, HSRP and silymarin treatments revealed an improvement in body weight gain. A significant (P<0.05) reduction in Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC, ALC, AHC and lymphocyte % was observed in indoxacarb treated birds and a significant (P<0.05) improvement in Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC was observed after treatment with HSRP. A significant decline in total serum protein, albumin, globulin and glucose in indoxacarb treated cockerels while significant (P<0.05) improvement in serum protein and glucose by HSRP and silymarin medication. A significant (P<0.05) increase in triglycerides, cholesterol, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, creatinine, AST, ALT, ALP and GGT was observed in cockerels treated with indoxacarb whereas, a significant (P<0.05) reduction in these parameters by supplemention with HSRP in dose dependent manner. A significant (P<0.05) decline in catalase, SOD, GSH, GPx and GST activity in RBC whereas an increase in LPO in RBC was observed in group II, however, these parameters were returned to normalcy following simultaneous medication with HSRP in groups VI and VII after 16 weeks. A significant (P<0.05) increase in tissue LPO, GPx and GST whereas significant reduction in tissues GSH, CAT and SOD observed in cockerels of indoxacarb treated Group II, whereas, a significant (P<0.05) improvement was observed in these parameters by supplemention with HSRP. A significant (P<0.05) decrease in serum IgY, IL-2, INF-γ and LST, MFT and CDNB reactivity by measuring the thickness of skin was observed in indoxacarb treated group II and simultaneous feeding of HSRP showed the amelioration which was at par with control. The sperm motility and sperm count was decreased significantly (P<0.05) whereas % dead sperm was increased significantly in indoxacarb treated cockerels. Simultaneous feeding of HSRP produces the protective effects. The SOD and CAT gene expression was significantly down regulated in indoxacarb treated group in comparison to control and feeding of HSRP showed down regulation but less than the indoxacarb treated groups. Whereas GPx, IL-2 and CYP1A1 gene were upregulated significantly (P<0.05) in indoxacarb treated group I in comparison to control but simultaneous feeding of HSRP produces improvement in the expression of these genes. Histopathological and ultra structural changes in liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, brain and testes were observed in indoxacarb treated groups whereas treatment with HSRP ameliorated the lesion. It is concluded from this study that the extracts of Hedychium spicatum have potent antioxidant and anthelmintic properties, and also produced amelioration in PCM induced toxicity in HepG2 cell line model. The rhizome powder of Hedychium spicatum @ 2000 ppm and @ 4000 ppm produced significant amelioration in indoxacarb @ 250 ppm induced haemotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and oxidative effects and immunosuppression following administration for 16 weeks in WLH cockerels.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of protective effect of Erythrina variegata and Spondias pinnata in cadmium intoxicated rats and their antiviral activity against PPR and CSF virus in cell lines
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2014-07) Nrip Kishore Pankaj; Singh, S.P.
    This investigation was undertaken to evaluate ameliorative efficacy of the bark powder of E. variegata (EVBP) and Spondias pinnata (SPBP) against cadmium chloride induced toxic effects in a 90 days trial in rats. Hydroethanolic bark extract of E. variegata (EVBE) and S. pinnata (SPBE) were also evaluated for their antiviral activity against PPR and CSF viruses using vero and PK-15 cell lines and effects on smooth muscle activities of isolated rat ileum during the investigation. Forty two, six month old, albino wistar rats, weighing 170-200gm, were randomly and equally divided into seven groups. For 90 days trial, group I served as control. Groups II, III, IV, V, VI and VII were given cadmium chloride @100mg/L of drinking water. Group II served as negative control. Simultaneous treatment was given as silymarin@100mg/kg bwt in group III and EVBP and SPBP @ 1 and 2% in groups IV, V, VI and VII, respectively, in feed for 90 days. No clinical sign was observed except curved spine or lordosis in Cd treated group II. Haemato-biochemical and antioxidant parameters were examined at day 0, 30, 60 and 90 whereas LST and histopathological examination after 90 days. There was a significant (P<0.05) decline in haematological and immunological parameters Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC, DLC and LST in Cd treated groups whereas a significant elevation in these parameters was observed in treatment groups as compared to Cd treated group II. A significant increase in biochemical parameters AST, ALT, ALP: G ratio, BUN and creatinine, and reduction in total proteins, albumin and globulin were observed in Cd intoxicated rats after 90 days. SPBP, EVBP and silymarin treated groups showed significant (P<0.05) improvement in these biochemical parameters as compared to Cd-treated rats. Cd also significantly (P<0.05) suppressed antioxidant enzymes in comparison to control. SPBP and EVBP significantly ameliorated haematobiochemical, antioxidant and immunological parameters, however, did not reverse AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, creatinine, LPO, CAT, SOD and GST up to control level. The histopathological changes were characterized by haemorrhage, moderate to severe swelling of interstitial tissue and glomeruli along with coagulative necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in kidneys; severe congestion of central vein, large blood vessel with vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes; severe congestion of alveolar capillaries and presence of mononuclear cells throughout the parenchyma of lungs; congestion and haemorrhage in heart and degeneration of cardiac muscles; and severe congestion of the blood vessel and moderate degeneration of neurons in brain. Histopathological changes were severe in Cd treated group while mild to moderate changes were found in EVBP and SPBP treatment groups. On electron microscopy, ultra structure of the renal cells showing disappearance of nucleolus, pyknosis and marginalisation of chromatin material at the periphery of the nucleus were evident in the Cd treated group II. Ultra structure details of hepatocyte were represented through vacuolation, marginalisation of chromatin material. A significant (P<0.05) elevation in the Cd residue was highest in kidney followed by liver and bones. EVBP and SPBP reduced residue level in liver and kidney but did not reveal any effect on bones. EVBE and SPBE did not reveal antiviral activity against PPR and CSF viruses in Vero and PK-15 cell lines. EVBE was found to have dose dependent spasmolytic activity on isolated ileum. It is concluded from this study that EVBP and SPBP @1 and 2 % in feed ameliorated the cadmium chloride, given @ 100 ppm in drinking water, induced haemotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, oxidative stress and immunosuppression following simultaneous administration for 90 days in rats. EVBE produced spasmolytic effect on isolated rat ileum However; antiviral activity against PPR and CSF viruses was not evident on in vitro studies in Vero and PK-15 cell lines