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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA, PATHOTYPE 2, ON FENNEL(AAU, Anand, 1995) Patel, Pankajkumar B.; Patel, D. J.Experiments on root-knot nematode,. Meloidogyne javanica , Pathotype 2 affecting fennel were conducted to study i, Pathogenicity of M. javanica , Pathotype 2 to determine threshold level in terms of plant growth characters and uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S nutrients by plants, ii, biochemical changes induced by nematode infection in the crop, ill, histopathological studies to know host-parasite relationship and iv, effect of nematode infection on seed germination, plant growth and crop yield during 1994-95. The salient findings are : i, An inoculum level of 100 J2/plant and above was detrimental to the growth and development of fennel cv. PF 35. Root, soil and total nematode population/plant significantly increased progressively with an increase in nematode population from 10 to 10,000 J2/plant. Nematode reproduction rate was maximum (76.70) in the level of 10 J2/plant and minimum (3.22) in 10,000 J2/plant. ii, Biochemical changes induced by nematode feeding on fennel roots indicated that roots inoculated with 10, 100, 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 J2/plant had significantly less peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and total phenol content over control-uninoculated plant roots. ill, Histopathological studies revealed that after invasion, second stage larvae penetrated the epidermal cells and migrated both inter and intracellularly and anchored to the vascular tissues. Giant cells consisted of uneven thickened, unbroken walls, dense cytoplasm and clusters of nuclei. Pathological reaction included abnormal xylem located in the vascular tissues. All nematode stages were found inside the root tissues feeding on vascular region. The healthy tissue showed no change in epidermal cells and cortex region of roots, iv, Study on effect of M. .iavanica. Pathotype 2 on seed germination and plant growth development and root-knot index on fennel cv. PF 35 indicated that nematode infested soil significantly reduced fennel seed germination, plant height, fresh shoot and root weights by 12.30, 29.60, 3.98 and 17.09 % respectively over control-steam sterilized soil. Infested soil had 116.30 % increased root-knot index over control. V, Inoculation of M. javanica, Pathotype 2 at 2000 J2/kg soil significantly decreased plant height and grain yield of fennel cv. PF 35 by 19.83 and 26.51% respectively, while root-knot index and reproduction rate were significantly increased by 59.01 and 58.88 % respectively over control-steam sterilized soil. vi, Application of Dazoraet (Basamid 98 G @ 1 g/pot) significantly increased plant height and grain yield of fennel cv. PF 35 by 18.61 and 36.09 % respectively and root-knot index has significantly, reduced by 59.01 % due to Dazomet application over control-no nematicidal treatment.ThesisItem Open Access STANDARDIZING CONDITIONS FOR PILOT SCALE PRODUCTION AND STORAGE OF BUFFALO SKIM MILK DAHI USING STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS: SOME CHEMICAL ASPECTS(AAU, Anand, 1990) Thakuria, Hemanta; Patel, S. M.This investigation was planned and carried out to elucidate the effects of level of total solids of buffalo skim milk and inoculation with three specific strains of Streptococcus thermophilus on some of the quality attributes of dahi. The total solid content of buffalo skim milk was adjusted to 10.0 (T1), 12.5 (T2) and 15.0 (T3) per cent using condensed buffalo skim milk and inoculated with D3(C1), MD2 (C2) and MD8 (C3) strains of Streptococcus thermophilus. Incubation was done at 40 ± 1°C till the desired acidity of 0.75 (% lactic acid) was obtained. Samples were then stored at 5 t o 7°C for about 12 h after which the samples were considered to be at 0 h of storage (fresh product). To study the physico-chemical and organoleptic changes taking place and also to study the shelf - life of the dahi under room temperature, the samples were stored at 37 ± 1°C and analysed at the interval of Oh, 12h, 24h and 48h. Similarly for study under refrigerated condition samples were stored at 5 t o 7°C and analysed at the interval of Od, 6d, 12d and 18d of storage.ThesisItem Open Access CROP WEATHER RELATIONSHIPS AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF Helicoverpa armigera IN TWO PIGEON PEA (Cajanus cajan L.) CULTIVARS IN MIDDLE GUJARAT AGROCLIMATIC REGION(AAU, Anand, 1996) RAVIPATI, MAHENDRA KUMAR; Savani, M. B.Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan L.) is one of the major grain legume crop in tropical and sub - tropical regions of India and grown mainly as rainfed crop. The crop is characterised as drought resistant and the productivity is different in different environments. Since the effects of weather on yield are complex, the deep and clear understanding of the effect of weather parameters on the growth and development of pigeonpea is necessary. An experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of the, year 1994 at Anand to study the crop-weather relationship and crop-weather-pest dynamics in two cvs.BDN-2 and GT-100 of pigeonpea. The field experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications. The treatments comprised of two irrigation levels, two plant protection levels, two varieties, and three dates of sowing. The results obtained during the course of investigation revealed that weather played significant role in growth, development and yield of pigeonpea. The variations in days taken to complete the different phenophases among the different dates of sowing were attributed due to the variations in temperature and photoperiod. The number of days required for the completion of any phenophase was declined with increase in the temperature and photoperiod. The yield and yield attributes were significantly influenced by irrigation and dates of sowing. The grain yield, biomass, and number of pods per plant were observed more in D1 than in D2, and D3. Grain yield, biomass, and number of pods per plant declined with the application of irrigation. The irrigated crop puts up more biomass initially but it was declined considerably than in unirrigated crop in the later phases due to heavy attack of the larvae of Helicoverpa. The different agrometeorological indices like GDD, PTU and HTU has positive and significant correlation with days taken for the completion of the different phenopases, eccept for the phenophase P4. The thermal time (GDD) has highly significant correlations with days taken for different phenophases. Functional relations were developed to predict the number of days required for different phenophases in both the cultivars BDN-2 and GT-100. The leaf area index (LAI) and crop growth rate (CGR) were found to be influenced by irrigation and sowing time. The crop sown in D1 maintained more LAI and CGR in both the cultivars, compared to D2 and D3, The decline in the values of LAI and CGR during flowering phase in both the cultivars was due to heavy infestation of Helicoverpa. The radiation use efficiency (RUE), on seasonal basis was found to be high in rainfed crop compared to irrigated crop. The RUE was high in D1 sown crop, and was declined in the delayed sowings. The RUE was found high in cv.GT-100 compared to cv.BDN-2. Functional relations were developed to estimate the near surface soil moisture content under developing conopics of pigeonpea using remotely sensed canopy and air temperatures, and the LAI. A linear relationship was observed between evapotranspiration and canopy-air temperature differential. The relation was found closely related, when the variations due to energy load was accounted. The populations of the eggs and larvae of the Helicoverpa were found to be highest in first date of sowing (D1) both at 50% flowering and 50% podding phases compared to D2 and D3. The cultivar GT-100 was found more succeptible to Helicoverpa due to the early flowering character than cv.BDN- 2. The larval population of Helicoverpa in pigeonpea was found significantly correlated with air temperature, vapour pressure and pan evaporation.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON COMMUNICATION GAP BETWEEN EXTENSION WORKERS AND FARMERS WITH A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PADDY CROP IN THE JIND SUB-DIVISION OF HARYANA STATE(AAU, Anand, 1990) Singh, Prithvi; Patel, H. N.INTRODUCTION: Systematic training and systematic visit are two basic concept incorporated with the T&V Extension System. The main idea behind the systematic training is to develop adequate professional knowledge and skill in extension workers about the specific farm recommendations to be made during the forth coming fortnight to the farmers. Systematic visits to the farmers field and making interpersonal contacts with farmers follow the training. Schedule of visit are closely supervised at all levels of the extension system. The number of farm families per village extension worker is set at a manageable level and specific schedule of visit is rigidly followed. The ratio of supervisory staff is such that close supervision is convenient at all levels.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, GENETIC ADVANCE, CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN GRAM (Cicer arietinum L.)(1998) Viswanathan, Aparna; Shukla, P. T.Seed yield is the most economical trait in chickpea, which is a manifestation of many yield contributing characters of the plant. In a breeding programme for improvement of yield, knowledge about variability, type and extent of correlation between yield and other traits can help in selecting the desirable genotypes. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to estimate variability, genetical parameters, genotypic and phenotypic correlation as well as direct and indirect effects of different characters on seed yield in chickpea. The experiment was conducted in Randomized block design with three replications at the Agronomy Farm of B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand during 1996-97. The experimental material comprised of 40 genotypes including checks. Observations were recorded on plant height, plant spread, number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary branches/plant, internode length, number of leaves, number of stipules, petiole length, number of leaflets, size of leaflets, girth of stem, root length, root girth, number of pods/plant, size of pod, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield/plant. The study revealed that significant genotypic differences existed for all the characters. The variability study showed that the material possessed large magnitude of variation for most of the characters. The genotypic coefficient of variation was high for 100 seed weight, seed yield/plant and size of pod, whereas, for remaining characters it was moderate to low. Broad sense heritability was high for number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, size of pod, number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant while moderate to low heritability estimates were recorded for the rest of the characters. High genetic advance was exhibited by 100 seed weight, size of pod, seed yield/plant, number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod. For remaining characters the genetic advance ranged from low to moderate. Heritability alongwith genetic advance impart better approach for effective selection. Variability study indicated that selection could be effective for number of pods/plant, 100 seed weight, size of pod and number of seeds/pod. In general the genotypic correlation were higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlation. Study of correlation revealed that selection made on the basis of more number of seeds/pod, more seed weight as well as smaller root length would be helpful for increasing the seed yield. Path analysis indicated that in selection programme aiming to improve seed yield in chickpea more weightage should be given to number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and 100 seed weight.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF GRAIN PROTECTANTS AGAINST Callosobruchus analis F. INFESTING GREEN GRAM Vigna radiata (L) Wilozek.(AAU, Anand, 1990) GEORGE, V.; Patel, J. R.The relative bio-efficacy of some botanical, and other materials in comparison to synthetic insect- cides against pulse beetle Callosobruchus analis F. infesting green gram Vigna radiata (L.) W, was evaluated in laboratory during 1989-90. The synthetic insecticides, malathion and fenvalerate were used @ 0.05 and 0.02 per cent respectively, while the rest of the treatments were @ 10 per cent (w/w) except corn-care, which was at 1 per cent. The seeds under control treatment was sprayed with double distilled water (10 per cent-v/w) only. Five adults of C. analis i.e. three females and two males were released to the treated green gram. The green gram stored with various botanical materials, synthetic insecticides and other grain protectants had comparatively low oviposition by pulse beetle C.analis as compared to untreated grains on the 10th day of releasing the insects.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTIVENESS OF FORTNIGIHTLY TRAINING CONDUCTED UNDER T AND V SYSTEM AT ANAND SUB DIVISION OF KHEDA DISTRICT IN GUJARAT STATE(1997) Patel, Dinesh K.; Trivedi, J. C.Training in India was as old as the Community Development Programme in the country. A vast infrastructure was created and developed for this purpose. It catered training to different categories of development functionaries from Gramsevak to the Development Commissioners. The basic feature of T & V system of agricultural extension is a systematic programme of training for the Village Extension Workers (VEWs) and Agricultural Extension Officers (AEOs), consider with frequent visits to farmer's field. VEWs and AEOs are working at grassroots level for diffusion of information in farming community. The system is organised to give the training to VEWs and AEOs every fortnight. The fortnightly training is the most important training for VEWs and AEOs. The goal of fortnightly training sessions is to make the VEWs a "subject matter specialists" on the few points of particular relevance and importance to farmers in his circle during the coming fortnight. Considering the importance of fortnightly training the present study was undertaken to know effectiveness of fortnightly training conducted under T & V system at Anand sub-division of Kheda district in Gujarat State.ThesisItem Open Access FARM TELECAST VIEWING BEHAVIOUR OF TV OWNING FARMERS OF SANTRAMPUR TALUKA OF PANCHMAHALS DISTRICT OF GUJARAT STATE(AAU, Anand, 1996) DANI, R. K.; PATEL, B. B.Information plays an immense role in our society and its large scale dissemination through highly perfected communication media constitute one of the striking development of our time. The present agricultural strategy in India calls for speedy dissemination of agricultural information and technological knowledge to the farming community. The fast changing agricultural technology demands for more and more information to be transmitted to ever increasing volume of clientele. Mass media like radio, television and printed material have been considered as the important tools to communicate farm message to the farmers. Television due to its mass nature promises to satisfy the informational needs of the mass in general and farmer in particular. Agricultural information is disseminated to the farmers through farm telecast.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON THE EXTENT OF ADOPTION OF RECOMMENDED WEEDICIDE PRACTICES IN TRANSPLANTED KHARIF RICE BY THE RICE GROWERS IN KHEDA DISTRICT OF GUJARAT STATE(AAU, Anand, 1993) Padhi, Kshetra Mohan; TRIVEDI, J. C.Rice is one of the most important food crops of our country. Even with the advancement in the field of agriculture, our goal of self sufficiency in food grain production is yet not achieved. The low yield of rice under Indian condition can be attributed to a wide variety of factors. Among them weed infestation in rice crop is a serious factor. Till recently, weeds were largely controlled in the country through manual operations. Due to increasing cost of labour, the severity of weed competition adding to the limitations of an effective weed control in the conventional practices, the use of weedicides in all possibilities is very likely to become increasingly popular.Hence, the present study entitled A study on the extent of adoption of recommended weedicide practices in transplanted kharif rice by the rice growers in Kheda district of Gujarat State “was carried out.