STUDIES ON VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, GENETIC ADVANCE, CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS IN GRAM (Cicer arietinum L.)
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Date
1998
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Abstract
Seed yield is the most economical trait in chickpea, which is a manifestation of many yield contributing characters of the plant. In a breeding programme for improvement of yield, knowledge about variability, type and extent of correlation between yield and other traits can help in selecting the desirable genotypes. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to estimate variability, genetical parameters, genotypic and phenotypic correlation as well as direct and indirect effects of different characters on seed yield in chickpea. The experiment was conducted in Randomized block design with three replications at the Agronomy Farm of B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand during 1996-97. The experimental material comprised of 40 genotypes including checks. Observations were recorded on plant height, plant spread, number of primary branches/plant, number of secondary branches/plant, internode length, number of leaves, number of stipules, petiole length, number of leaflets, size of leaflets, girth of stem, root length, root girth, number of pods/plant, size of pod, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield/plant. The study revealed that significant genotypic differences existed for all the characters. The variability study showed that the material possessed large magnitude of variation for most of the characters. The genotypic coefficient of variation was high for 100 seed weight, seed yield/plant and size of pod, whereas, for remaining characters it was moderate to low. Broad sense heritability was high for number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight, size of pod, number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant while moderate to low heritability estimates were recorded for the rest of the characters. High genetic advance was exhibited by 100 seed weight, size of pod, seed yield/plant, number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod. For remaining characters the genetic advance ranged from low to moderate. Heritability alongwith genetic advance impart better approach for effective selection. Variability study indicated that selection could be effective for number of pods/plant, 100 seed weight, size of pod and number of seeds/pod. In general the genotypic correlation were higher than their corresponding phenotypic correlation. Study of correlation revealed that selection made on the basis of more number of seeds/pod, more seed weight as well as smaller root length would be helpful for increasing the seed yield. Path analysis indicated that in selection programme aiming to improve seed yield in chickpea more weightage should be given to number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod and 100 seed weight.
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AAU, Anand, A Study