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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × End date: 2020 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 35
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    COMPARISON OF LOOP MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION WITH POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR DETECTION OF SALMONELLA SPP. IN POULTRY MEAT
    (Department of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2020) Pargi Zalak Bharatkumar; Dr. J. B. Nayak
    The present study was conducted with aim to isolate and identify Salmonella species from poultry meat samples collected from retail meat markets in and around Anand, confirming Salmonella spp. isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), antimicrobial resistance pattern of isolates by disc diffusion method and comparing LAMP with PCR method by checking their sensitivity and specificity for detection of Salmonella species.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “COMPARISON OF LOOP MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION WITH POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR DETECTION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS & METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN CHEVON
    (Department of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2020) Sonali Thakur; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    The present study demonstrated the comparison of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) for detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in chevon. Total 150 raw chevon samples were collected from retail meat shops in and around Anand city. These samples were collected under aseptic conditions and then transferred to the laboratory on ice for further processing.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM MILK
    (Department of Veterinary Public Health & Epidemiology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2019) PAGHDAR DHARABEN M.; Dr. J. B. NAYAK
    The present study was carried out in the post graduate laboratory, Department of Veterinary Public Heath and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandary, A.A.U., Anand in order to isolation and molecular characterization of Extended Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli from milk to study their cultural characteristic and to judge the hygienic level of different local dairy cattle farms in and around Anand, Gujarat. A total of 150 samples were collected from different dairy cattle farms located in Navali (25), Sai dairy farm (50), Chikhodara (25), Bedva (25) and Mogar (25). All the samples were first inoculated on MacConkey Agar (MCA) and isolates showing pink colonies (lactose fermenting) were further transferred to Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB) for confirmation and greenish metallic sheen producing isolates were confirmed as E. coli isolates.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM BETA LACTAMASE PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM CHICKEN
    (Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2019) Gida Harpalbhai; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    This study was undertaken in order to isolate and molecularly characterize extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli from chicken, to check their prevalence and to judge hygienic level of different local chicken butcher’s and retail market meat in and around anand. Total 150 chicken muscle samples were collected from chicken shops in and around Anand under aseptic precautions in sterile screw lid sample collector for further processing and microbiological analysis. Samples were collected aseptically in sterile test screw capped vials and immediately transferred to the laboratory for processing and bacteriological investigation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETECTION OF TETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS IN MILK OF ANAND DISTRICT
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) Mistry Urvish Pravinbhai; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    This study was undertaken with the objective of determining the overall presence of the Tetracycline antibiotic residues in raw and pasteurized milk samples collected from different localities of Anand district, Gujarat. Establishing sensitivity and specificity of immuno-photometric test and comparing the method with traditional chromatographic techniques for residue detection was the complementary objective. The research work was done at Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, AAU, Anand and Food Quality Testing Laboratory, College of Food Processing Technology and Bio-Energy, AAU, Anand.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN SMALL RUMINANTS AND HUMANS OF ANAND DISTRICT
    (DEPARTMENTOF VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH AND EPIDEMIOLOGY COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2017) RADHABEN R. PADHER; DR. J. B. NAYAK
    The present study was carried out at the post graduate laboratory, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, A.A.U., Anand with the intention to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis among small ruminants and human beings of Anand district, Gujarat employing RBPT, STAT and I-ELISA and compared the efficacy of these tests.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AEROMONAS SPECIES FROM POULTRY MEAT
    (AAU, Anand, 2009) SMITA; Brahmbhatt, M. N.
    The aim of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterize Aeromonas species from poultry meat. A total of 120 samples were processed for estimating prevalence oi Aeromonas spp. Out of those 120 samples, 66 isolates oi Aeromonas were identified. On the basis of biochemical characterization 47 isolates of A. sobria, 11 isolates of A. hydrophila and 8 isolates of A. caviae were detected. When the source wise study of Aeromonas was conducted it was found that maximum number of Aeromonas isolates were recovered from heart (87.5 per cent) followed by liver (66.66 per cent), thigh muscle and chest muscle (40 per cent each). When different selective culture media were evaluated for isolation of Aeromonas spp. from poultry meat it was found that percent recovery of Aeromonas isolates were more from Ampicillin Dextrin Agar (89.39 per cent), followed by Aeromonas Starch DNAse agar (68.18 per cent) and Aeromonas isolation media (18.18 per cent). Specificity of PCR assay for detection of A. hydrophila and A. sobria was performed by testing against different gram positive and gram negative organisms.Primers were found to be specific for A. hydrophila and A. sobria. All the isolates of A. sobria (47) and A. hydrophila (11) which were identified on the basis of biochemical characterization were subjected to PCR and confirmed. All 66 Aeromonas isolates were tested for presence of aerolysin, haemolysin and enterotoxin gene. None of the isolate showed presence of aerolysin and enterotoxin while overall prevalence of haemolysin gene was 78.78 per cent. In A. hydrophila, 54.54 per cent; A. caviae, 37.5 per cent and in A. sobria, 91.48 per cent isolates were found to possess haemolysin gene. All the isolates of Aeromonas were subjected to antimicrobial drug sensitivity test against gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, bacitracin, rifampicin, tetracycline and erythromycin. Maximum sensitivity pattern was recorded with chloramphenicol (86.36per cent), gentamicin (81.82 per cent), ciprofloxacin (60.61 per cent), kanamycin (34.85 per cent), bacitracin (25.76 per cent), tetracycline (16.67 per cent), rifampicin (15.15 per cent) and erythromycin (9.09 per cent). The resistance pattern of Aeromonas isolated from chicken meat to various antibiotics was observed as bacitracin (74.24 per cent) followed by rifampicin (71.21 per cent), kanamycin (65.15 per cent), erythromycin (53.03 per cent), tetracycline (33.33 per cent), ciprofloxacin (22.73 per cent) and gentamicin (18.18 per cent). It was concluded that overall prevalence of Aeromonas spp. in poultry meat was 55 per cent which is a matter of concern from public health point of view and needs proper attention. The overall prevalence of 78.78 per cent of Aeromonas isolates showing presence of haemolysin gene (Virulence gene) in poultry meat is also a matter of concern and this study reveals that poultry meat could be a potential threat to public health. Hence, more attention for implementation of HACCP concept from food safety point of view is required. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Aeromonas isolates revealed that chloramphenicol was found to be most effective drug (86.36per cent) followed by gentamicin (81.82 per cent), ciprofloxacin (60.61 per cent), kanamycin (34.85 per cent), bacitracin (25.76 per cent), tetracycline (16.67 per cent), rifampicin (15.15 per cent) and erythromycin (9.09 per cent).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MEAT SPECIATION BY MOLECULAR AND SEROLOGICAL TECHNIQUES
    (AAU, Anand, 2002) Thumbar, J. M.; BRAHMBHATT, M. N.
    Among several methods of meat speciation, method based on DNA especially Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) provide potentially more information than others. The present study was under taken for meat speciation by molecular and serological techniques. Meat samples from meat species (cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig and chicken) were utilized for molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was isolated from eight meat samples of each species as per method described by Sambrook et al. (1989) with some modifications. Actin multigene family was amplified by PCR using a pair of family specific primers (forward primer-5' CCT ACA ACA GCA TCA TGA AGT G 3'and reverse primer-5' GCT GAT CCA CAT CTG CTG GAA G 3'). PCR cycling protocol included to initial denaturation at 95 °C for 5 minutes then followed by 30 cycles of 95°C for 1 minute, 48°C for 1 minute, 72°C for 1 minutes and final extension at 72°C for 1 minute, 48°C for 1 minute, 72°C for 1 minutes and final extension at 72°C for 5 minutes. PCR products were resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis it produced a characteristic band pattern for each species. PCR band pattern generated for cattle included one major band of 0.328 kb. The PCR band pattern for buffalo included two bands of 0.328 and 0.242 kb. Sheep and goat produced identical band patterns having two bands of 0.328 and 0.242 kb and one faint band of 0.765 kb. Pig also revealed pattern identical to buffalo. A band of approximately 0.330 kb size was common in all livestock species. Chicken exhibited a characteristic pattern with six bands, three bands of high intensity (approximately 0.365, 0.334 and 0.242 kb) and three faint bands (approximately 0.547, 0.480 and 0.113 kb). Out of six species explored, four were found to have characteristic PCR band pattern. Thus, PCR was considered to be a potential technique for meat species identification and speciation. Actin gene band patterns were identical in both the sexes for all the species studies. PCR was also found to be consistent and effective tool as it remained same for heat treated and putrified (unpreserved) of meat. An agar gel precipitation technique was successfully used for identification of meat species, cross-reaction study and detection of adulteration level in meat. Hyper immune sera were raised in rabbits by intramuscular injection of meat extract. Anti buffalo meat sera were cross-reacted to cattle, sheep and goat meat extract. At same time anti cattle meat sera were also found to be crossreacted with buffalo, sheep and goat meat extract. Species specific sera were made by absorption technique. These sera were used to detect level of adulteration. By AGPT, up to 10 % level of adulteration between buffalo or cattle meat with sheep and goat meat was successfully detected. Counter immunoelectrophoresis technique was also successfully used to detect the meat species. This method was found to be rapid as compare to the AGPT.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    HUMAN AND ANIMAL INFECTIONS CAUSED BY CANDIDA ALBICANS
    (AAU, Anand, 2001) Jadhav, Vijay Jayawant; Pal, Mahendra
    The aim of the present study was to elucidate the etiologic significance of C. albicans in various clinical disorders of man as well as animals. Mycological examination of 293 clinical samples (136 from man, 97 from animals and 60 visceral organs of chicks) from suspected fungal infections was carried out for the presence of C. albicans. The various disorders encountered during the study period in man were otomycosis (84), cutaneous infection (20), oral infection (12), onychomycosis (10) and vulvovaginitis (10), while in animals were mastitis (49), stomatitis (30), dermatitis (11), otitis (7), The visceral organs included in the study were, gizzard (13), proventriculus (13), liver (12), lung (13), and crop (9). The isolates of C. albicans were subjected to in-vitro antifungal drug susceptibility test agaiiis: clotrimazole, fluconazole, amphotericin-B and nystatin. The results of this investigation indicated that frequency of occurrence of organism was higher in man (55.55 per cent) followed by dogs (22.22 per cent), chickens (14.81 per cent) and cows and buflaloes (3.71 per cent each) and most of the C. albicans isolates were contributed by oral infection. The study of in-vitro drug sensitivity of the clinical isolates of C. albicans showed that there was a wide variation in the resistant pattern ranging from 0.00 per cent to 51.85 per cent and clotrimazole was found to be the most effective drug (62.96 per cent). The observations of this preliminary study on in-vitro efficacy of six nutrient media suggested that Sabouraud dextrose agar is a cheap and good selective fungal medium. It was concluded that, the overall prevalence of C. albicans infection was higher in man as compared to animals. The good management practices of dairy cattle farm along with hygienic methods of milking followed at the Livestock Research Station at Anand, prevented the incidence of subclinical mastitis caused by C. albicans. Of all the drugs tested in-vitro by disc diffusion technique, clotrimazole was found to be the most effective chemotherapeutic agent, which may help in the management of the candidiasis. Being a cheap and selective fungal medium, Sabouraud dextrose agar can be recommended for the routine mycological work in the microbiology and public health laboratories. This appears to be the first record from India, which delineates the occurrence and etiologic significance of C. albicans in stomatitis of dogs and buffaloes.