ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AEROMONAS SPECIES FROM POULTRY MEAT
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Date
2009
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to isolate, identify and characterize Aeromonas species from poultry meat. A total of 120 samples were processed for estimating prevalence oi Aeromonas spp. Out of those 120 samples, 66 isolates oi Aeromonas were identified. On the basis of biochemical characterization 47 isolates of A. sobria, 11 isolates of A. hydrophila and 8 isolates of A. caviae were detected. When the source wise study of Aeromonas was conducted it was found that maximum number of Aeromonas isolates were recovered from heart (87.5 per cent) followed by liver (66.66 per cent), thigh muscle and chest muscle (40 per cent each). When different selective culture media were evaluated for isolation of Aeromonas spp. from poultry meat it was found that percent recovery of Aeromonas isolates were more from Ampicillin Dextrin Agar (89.39 per cent), followed by Aeromonas Starch DNAse agar (68.18 per cent) and Aeromonas isolation media (18.18 per cent). Specificity of PCR assay for detection of A. hydrophila and A. sobria was performed by testing against different gram positive and gram negative organisms.Primers were found to be specific for A. hydrophila and A. sobria. All the isolates of A. sobria (47) and A. hydrophila (11) which were identified on the basis of biochemical characterization were subjected to PCR and confirmed. All 66 Aeromonas isolates were tested for presence of aerolysin, haemolysin and enterotoxin gene. None of the isolate showed presence of aerolysin and enterotoxin while overall prevalence of haemolysin gene was 78.78 per cent. In A. hydrophila, 54.54 per cent; A. caviae, 37.5 per cent and in A. sobria, 91.48 per cent isolates were found to possess haemolysin gene. All the isolates of Aeromonas were subjected to antimicrobial drug sensitivity test against gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, bacitracin, rifampicin, tetracycline and erythromycin. Maximum sensitivity pattern was recorded with chloramphenicol (86.36per cent), gentamicin (81.82 per cent), ciprofloxacin (60.61 per cent), kanamycin (34.85 per cent), bacitracin (25.76 per cent), tetracycline (16.67 per cent), rifampicin (15.15 per cent) and erythromycin (9.09 per cent). The resistance pattern of Aeromonas isolated from chicken meat to various antibiotics was observed as bacitracin (74.24 per cent) followed by rifampicin (71.21 per cent), kanamycin (65.15 per cent), erythromycin (53.03 per cent), tetracycline (33.33 per cent), ciprofloxacin (22.73 per cent) and gentamicin (18.18 per cent). It was concluded that overall prevalence of Aeromonas spp. in poultry meat was 55 per cent which is a matter of concern from public health point of view and needs proper attention. The overall prevalence of 78.78 per cent of Aeromonas isolates showing presence of haemolysin gene (Virulence gene) in poultry meat is also a matter of concern and this study reveals that poultry meat could be a potential threat to public health. Hence, more attention for implementation of HACCP concept from food safety point of view is required. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Aeromonas isolates revealed that chloramphenicol was found to be most effective drug (86.36per cent) followed by gentamicin (81.82 per cent), ciprofloxacin (60.61 per cent), kanamycin (34.85 per cent), bacitracin (25.76 per cent), tetracycline (16.67 per cent), rifampicin (15.15 per cent) and erythromycin (9.09 per cent).
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VETERINARY PUBLIC HEALTH, CHARACTERIZATION