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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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2011 - 201518
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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2011 ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 18
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND DETECTION OF VIRULENCE FACTOR ASSOCIATED GENES OF CAMPYLOBACTER SPP. FROM BUFFALO MEAT
    (AAU, Anand, 2015) PATEL, SWATI N.; BRAHMBHATT, M. N.
    Campylobacter spp. has been recognized as one of the most frequent cause of gastrointestinal illness in humans throughout world. In recent years, the frequency of human enteritis caused by Campylobacter spp. has exceeded those caused by salmonella especially in developed countries. The association of zoonotic Campylobacters with chronic and life threatening complications such as Guillain- Barre syndrome, reactive arthritis, haemolytic uraemic syndrome, abortion, meningitis etc. which increases the public health concern of this pathogen worldwide. Campylobacter is normal inhabitant of intestinal tract of food animals and faulty handling, lack of sanitation at processing and improper storage has been considered as the major factor contaminating all types of animal foods. Inadequately cooked meat, unpasteurized milk and contaminated drinking water are the most common sources for epidemic and sporadic food borne cases. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the objective to isolate identify and characterize the Campylobacter spp. from raw buffalo meat intended for the human consumption available in the retail meat market in Anand, Gujarat. A total 200 samples including 75 beef, 75 liver, 25 intestinal content and 25 water samples were collected aseptically and processed immediately after arrival. The samples were enriched into 25 ml of Blood free Campylobacter broth base containing CCDA selective supplement. Mixed properly and incubated at under microaerophilic condition (85% N2, 5% O2 and 10% CO2) at 42° C for 48 hours and further inoculation on blood free Campylobacter selective agar (mCCDA). The presumptive Campylobacter isolates were further confirmed at genus and species level by the series of biochemical tests and also confirmed by polymerase chain reaction assay. The confirmed isolates were subjected for the antibiotic susceptibility test using seven antibiotics, detection of virulence determinants by PCR. In the present study, 7 out of 200 (3.5%)) samples in which 2 out of 75 (2.67 %)) buffalo beef, 3 out of 75 (4 %) liver, 2 out of 25 (8 %>) intestinal content and no any water sample were found positive for the Campylobacter spp. In all the seven isolates the only identified species was Campylobacter jejuni. All the seven isolates of Campylobacter were further processed to study antibiotic resistance and sensitivity pattern against seven antibiotics by using agar disc diffusion technique. All Campylobacter isolates were resistant to Ciprofloxacin (100%)), where as 85.71% and 28.57% resistant to Nalidixic acid and Tetracycline, respectively. All the Campylobacter isolates were sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin, Gentamicin and Strepyomycin sulphate (100%)) followed by Tetracycline (71.42%o) and Nalidixic acid (14.28%). All the isolates were also subjected for in vitro detection of five virulence gene encoding for viz., Flagellin gene (flaA), Campylobacter adherence gene (CadF), Invasion associated marker (iamA) gene. Flagellar synthesis and modification (flgR) and Cytolethal distending toxin Subunit B gene (cdtB) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. The result indicated that all the seven isolates were found positive for CadF, CdtB and JlgR gene (100%) while six isolates were positive for flaA gene (85.71%) and three isolates were positive for iamA gene (42.85%). Therefore, the presence of Campylobacter in buffalo meat confirms that raw meat consumption could be a significant risk factor for human beings and there is need for routine study of this pathogen in buffalo meat to decrease the chances of infection with Campylobacter by consumption.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS FROM MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2012) THAKER HARSH CHETANKUMAR; DR. M. N. BRAHMBHATT
    Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of gastroenteritis resulting from the consumption of contaminated food. Staphylococcal food poisoning is due to the absorption of Staphylococcal enterotoxins preformed in the food. Milk and milk products serve not only as source of nutrition but also as substrates for the growth of microorganisms. Millions of peoples are victims of food-borne illness resulting from ingestion of toxin produced by food associated S. aureus. Gastrointestinal disease (enterocolitis or food poisoning) is caused by a heat-stable staphylococcal enterotoxin and characterized by projectile vomiting, diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, electrolyte imbalance and loss of fluids. Onset of disease in this case has a characteristic short incubation period of 1-8 h. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the objective to isolate and characterize the S. aureus from milk and milk products intended for the human consumption available in the retail market
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Isolation and Characterization of Bacillus cereus from milk and milk products
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2012) ASHWINI BHUPAL TARE; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    Bacillus cereus is a common contaminant frequently isolated from foods and dairy products and the fact that the bacterium has a remarkable ability to survive different environmental stresses makes it difficult to separate it from dairy products. The spores survive pasteurization and transfer from raw milk to pasteurized milk products. There are mainly two types of illness caused by B. cereus in human beings namely diarrhoeal and emetic types. The recent studies reporting the foodborne illness being caused by all the members of B. cereus have made the specific identification of B. cereus more important. India being a vast and subtropical country with plethora of food varieties being prepared at household and commercial level provides an ideal situation for an organism like B. cereus to survive and grow leading to health hazards. In the background of Indian scenario, the present investigation attempts to isolate and characterize the B. Cereus from milk and milk products
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND VIRULENCE GENES CHARACTERIZATION OF SALMONELLA ISOLATES FROM BUFFALO BEEF SAMPLES”
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2011) SWATI SINGH; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    Salmonella is found worldwide in cattle and is considered the most important animal related zoontic disease today and as the main sources of human salmonellosis. Salmonella has been recognized as one of the most frequent cause of enteric infection. Young children, the elderly and patients with chronic illnesses or immunocompromised systems are particularly susceptible to salmonellosis Therefore, the present study with the objective to isolate identify and characterize the Salmonella spp. from buffalo beef samples intented for the human consumption available in the retail meat market in Anand, was undertaken in the post graduate laboratory, Department of Veterinary Public Health, CVSc, AAU, Anand, Gujarat. Altogether
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETECTION AND VIRULENCE GENES CHARACTERIZATION OF E. COLI (VTEC) FROM BUFFALO BEEF
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2011) NEHA SINHA; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    The present study was carried out in the post graduate laboratory, Department of Veterinary Public Health, CVSc, AAU, Anand with an aim of detection and virulence gene characterization of E. coli (VTEC) from buffalo beef sold at retail meat shops in Anand (Gujarat). The samples of raw buffalo beef consisted of different parts such as ground beef, muscle, intestine, liver and lung (30 each) collected aseptically from local meat market and subjected first to enrichment in Mac Conkey broth, followed by plating on two selective media viz. MacConkey agar and Eosin Methylene Blue agar (EMB).The colonies showing typical colony characteristics were further characterized on the basis of their morphological and biochemical characteristics.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Isolation and Characterization of Vibrio species from fish
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2011) KSHIRSAGAR DEEPAK PRAKASH; Dr. M. N. BRAHMBHATT
    The members of the genus Vibrio have been frequently defined as opportunistic and potential pathogenic bacteria of the tropical waters. In India the incidence of V. parahaemolyticus causing food poisoning due to the consumption of contaminated seafoods was reported to be doubled in the last 5 years. V. parahaemolyticus is a foodborne pathogen that naturally inhabits coastal waters and is the main causative agent of human gastrointestinal illness associated with raw seafood consumption. It has one of the shortest generation times of any bacterium and the common symptoms are diarrhoea which is watery, mucoid or bloody, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever and general fatigue. Therefore, the present study was undertaken with the objective to isolate and characterize the Vibrio spp. from raw fishes intended for the human consumption available in the retail fish market in and around Anand, Gujarat. The total of 155 fish samples collected from different ecosystem viz. marine
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2013) VIRPARI PARESHKUMAR KHENGARBHAI; Dr. J. B. Nayak
    This study was undertaken in order to detect and characterize Escherichia coli (E. coli) from milk and milk products for study of their cultural characteristics and to judge the hygienic level of different local milk vendors and retail milk products shops in and around Anand city, Gujarat. A total of 250 samples, comprising of raw milk (100), cheese,
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND VIRULENCE GENES CHARACTERIZATION OF SALMONELLA ISOLATES FROM EGGS AND POULTRY HOUSE ENVIRONMENT
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2013) FOTARIYA MILIND HARSHADRAY; Dr. M. N. Brahmbhatt
    Food-borne diseases represent a serious threat to public health resulting in considerable economic consequences in many parts of the world. Salmonellosis is one of the most important food-borne bacterial zoonotic diseases worldwide. It needs special concern in the developing world because of the poor hygienic conditions that favour its spread. The present study was carried out in the post graduate
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND VIRULENCE GENES CHARACTERIZATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM EGGS AND POULTRY HOUSE ENVIRONMENT
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2013) BRIJESHKUMAR DILIPBHAI PATEL; Dr. M. N. BRAHMBHATT
    The aim of the present study was to investigate biochemical characters, serotypes, multiple drug resistance and detection of toxigenic genes of E. coli from eggs and poultry house environmental samples. A total of 340 samples were processed for estimating prevalence of E. coli. Out of those 340 samples tested, 68 E. coli isolates were recovered. All 68 E. coli isolates revealed typical cultural characters on the MacConkey agar and Eosin Methylene Blue agar. Some of the E. coli isolates showed variation from the standard biochemical pattern viz. fermentation of adonitol (1.47% isolates) and raffinose (22.05% isolates).