Loading...
Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
Browse
6 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE AND FEBRILE CONDITION ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF CEFPIROME AND SAFETY OF SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION OF CEFPIROME AND FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE IN SHEEP(2020) Vaidehi N. Sarvaiya; Dr. A. M. ThakerCefpirome is a novel fourth generation cephalosporin with bactericidal action. Synergistic interaction between NSAID and antibiotic can potentially prevent the emergence of resistance, increase antibacterial efficacy and provide broader-spectrum of antibacterial activity than antibiotic monotherapy. Flunixin meglumine (FM) is used as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of sepsis and various inflammatory conditions in different ruminant species. Along with this fact, fever is also one of the most common manifestations in bacterial diseases. Looking to these overall points, the study was conducted to evaluate the effect of intramuscularly administered FM (1.1 mg/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced febrile condition on pharmacokinetics of cefpirome following intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administrations (10 mg/kg) in sheep and safety of simultaneous administrations of cefpirome (10 mg/kg, IM) with FM (1.1 mg/kg, IM) for five days in sheep by monitoring hematological and blood biochemical profiles, as these kinds of literature is not available in sheep. Cefpirome was assayed in plasma by HPLC.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PHARMACOKINETICS AND SAFETY OF GEMIFLOXACIN ALONE AND WITH PIPERINE IN LAYER BIRDS(COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2018) MARADIYA JAYESH JASAMAT; Dr. A. M. ThakerGemifloxacin, a fourth-generation synthetic broad spectrum fluoroquinolone has bactericidal action against broad range of bacteria including those that are resistant to conventional antimicrobial drugs. Piperine, the major plant alkaloid present in pepper, is reported to have bioavailability-enhancing activity for nutritional substances and drugs. Despite the great potential for clinical use of gemifloxacin and beneficial (bioenhancing) effect of piperine on pharmacokinetics of various antimicrobials, the data on pharmacokinetics and safety profile of gemifloxacin and piperine alone as well as with each other in layer birds are not available. Looking to these overall points, the present study was conducted in layer birds to investigate pharmacokinetics of gemifloxacin and piperine alone and in combination with each other at 10 mg/kg dose rate following intravenous and oral administration as well as safety of both drugs alone and together at same dose rate by daily oral administration for 5 days. Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of gemifloxacin and piperine concentration in plasma samples of the present pharmacokinetics study in layer birds.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF KETOPROFEN, FEBRILE CONDITION AND BIOENHANCER TRIKATU AND ITS CONSTITUENTS ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND SAFETY OF LEVOFLOXACIN IN GOATS(AAU, Anand, 2012) PATEL, JATINKUMAR HARGOVINDDAS; Thaker, A. M.Levofloxacin is a novel third generation fluoroquinolone with broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently recommended with antibacterials for the treatment of various bacterial infections accompanied by fever and other inflammatory conditions in animals. Ketoprofen (KTP) is an aryl propionic acid derivative, non-selective COX inhibitor NSAID having anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. In veterinary practice, ketoprofen is used to lower body temperature in animals having fever, to relieve bacteremia and pain in all animals. Pharmacokinetics of an antibacterial drug may change when administered with anti-inflammatory drug or in febrile animals. Despite the great potential for clinical use of levofloxacin, the data on its pharmacokinetics and safety profile in goat are scarce. Ancient and recent scientific literature cited reference of bioenhancer like Trikatu (Piperine) application to increase bioavailability of drug and nutrients. Moreover, it is well known in ruminant animals that oral bioavailability of drug is low as compared to monogastric animals. Looking to this, present study was conceptualized to determine the effect of intramuscularly administered ketoprofen (3 mg/kg body weight) and febrile condition (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced) on pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin following intravenous, subcutaneous and oral administration (4 mg/kg body weight) in goats and safety of daily intravenous and subcutaneous administration of levofloxacin alone (4 mg/kg body weight) and in combination with intramuscular administration of ketoprofen (4 mg/kg body weight) for five days in goats by monitoring hematological and blood biochemical profiles. Moreover, effect of bioenhancer Trikatu and its constituents (Piperine equivalent to 20 mg/kg body weight) on pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin following oral administration (4 mg/kg body weight) in goats was evaluated. In addition to this bioenhancing effect methanolic extract of Trikatu (30 mg/kg body weight), Piper longum (30 mg/kg body weight), Piper nigrum (30 mg/kg body weight) and Zingiber officinale (30 mg/kg body weight) was evaluated following oral administration of levofloxacin (4 mg/kg body weight). The high performance liquid chromatography apparatus comprising quaternary gradient delivery pump, UV detector and reverse phase C18 column at room temperature. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 1% triethylamine in water and acetonitrile (85:15 v/v) adjusted to pH 3.0 with ortho-phosphoric acid and pumped into column at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min at ambient temperature. The HPLC data integration was performed using software Clarity (Version 2.4.0.190). Following intravenous administration of levofloxacin in normal, ketoprofen treated, and febrile goats, the plasma drug concentration > 0.015 µg/ml was detected up to 18 h. Following intravenous administration of levofloxacin in ketoprofen-treated goats, no significant changes in pharmacokinetic parameters were observed compared to pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin in normal goats. Following intravenous administration of ievofloxacin in febrile goats, values of AUC (13.48 ± 0.48 µg.h/mL) and AUMC (40.01 ± 2.66 µg.h2mL) were significantly higher and Vdarea (1.05 ± 0.04 L/kg) was significantly lower than the values obtained following levofloxacin administration in normal goats.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF FEVER AND CO-ADMINISTRATION OF KETOPROFEN ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND SAFETY OF SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND KETOPROFEN IN SHEEP(AAU, Anand, 2012) SADARIYA, KAMLESH AMARSHIBHAI; Thaker, A. M.Moxifloxacin is a novel fourth generation fluoroquinolone with broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NS AIDs) is frequently recommended with antibacterials for the treatment of various bacterial infections accompanied by fever and other inflammatory conditions in animals. Ketoprofen (KTP) is an aryl propionic acid derivative, non-selective COX inhibitor NSAID having anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. In veterinary practice, ketoprofen is used to lower body temperature in animals having fever, to reUeve bacteremia and pain in all animals. Pharmacokinetics of an antibacterial drug may change when administered with anti-inflammatory drug or in febrile animals. Despite the great potential for clinical use of moxifloxacin in India, the data on its pharmacokinetics and safety profile in sheep are scarce. Moxifloxacin was assayed in plasma by HPLC. The present study was planned to determine the effect of intramuscularly administered ketoprofen (3 mg/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced febrile condition on pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin following intravenous and intramuscular administration (5 mg/kg) in sheep and safety of daily intramuscular administration of moxifloxacin (3 mg/kg) in combination with intramuscular administration of Icetoprofen (3 mg/kg) for five days in sheep by monitoring haematological and serum biochemical profiles. Following intravenous administration of moxifloxacin in normal healthy sheep, the plasma drug concentration > 0.17 ± 0.01 μg/ml was detected up to 12 h, while plasma drug concentration > 0.13 ±0.01 μg/ml was detected up to 18 h in ketoprofen treated and febrile sheep. The plasma drug concentrations in the present study were consistently higher in ketoprofen treated and febrile group than in normal sheep. Following intravenous administration of moxifloxacin in normal sheep, the mean distribution half-life (t1/2α), apparent volume of distribution (Vdarea), volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss), area under plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞), area under first moment curve (AUMC), elimination half-life (t1/2β), total body clearance (CIB) and mean residence time (MRT) were 3.55 ± 0.56 h, 4.88 ± 0.20 L/kg, 3.49 ± 0.11 L/kg, 8.38 ± 0.23 μg.h/mL, 49.52 ± 3.83 μg.h2/mL, 5.70 ± 0.37 h, 0.60 ± 0.02 L/h/kg and 5.87 + 0.32 h, respectively. Following intravenous administration of moxifloxacin in ketoprofen-treated sheep, the mean distribution half-life (t1/2α), apparent volume of distribution (Vdarea) and volume of distribution at steady-state (Vdss) were 2.63 ± 0.42 h, 1.67 ± 0.09 and 1.37 ± 0.02 L/kg, respectively. The elimination half-life (t1/2β), total body clearance (CIB) and mean residence time (MRT) were 4.08 ± 0.25 h, 0.29 ± 0.01 L/h/kg and 4.79 ± 0.07 h, respectively. The average values for area under plasma drug concentrationtime curve (AUC0-∞) and area under first moment curve (AUMC) were 17.55 ± 0.25 μg.h/mL and 84.14 + 1.96 μgh2/mL, respectively. Significant alterations in pharmacokinetic parameters in ketoprofen-treated and febrile sheep have been observed compared to normal sheep. Following intravenous administration of moxifloxacin in ketoprofen-treated sheep, a significant increase in mean value of various pharmacokinetic parameters like Cp0, A, B, p, AUC(0-∞) and AUMC were observed as compared to respective pharmacokinetic parameters of moxifloxacin in normal sheep. However, significant decrease in mean values of t1/2β, Vd(area), Vd(ss), C1(B) and MRT in ketoprofen treated group as compare to normal healthy sheep. In febrile sheep, the AUC (14.88 ± 0.39 μg.h/mL) and AUMC (88.82 ± 4.38 μg.h2/mL) were significantly (p<0.01) increased following intravenous administration of moxifloxacin. Significant (p<0.01) decrease in mean values of distribution half-life (t1/2α: 0.25 ± 0.03 h), total body clearance (CIB) (0.34 ± 0.01 L/h/kg), volume of distribution (Vdarea: 2.76 ± 0.04 L/kg) and volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss. 2.00 ± 0.03 L/kg) of the drug was observed in febrile compared to respective pharmacokinetic parameters in normal sheep.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON LEAD ACETATE AND THIAMETHOXAM INDUCED IMMUNOTOXICITY AND GENOTOXICITY AND EVALUATING THE AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF TINOSPOARA CORDIFOLIA IN MICE(AAU, Anand, 2012) SINHA, SUPRITA; Thaker, A. M.The present study was conducted on healthy albino mice of about 4-5 weeks of age. All mice were randomly divided into thirteen groups (group I to XIII) each containing 6 mice. Lead acetate was administered by dissolving in drinking water whereas, other treatment of thiamethoxam and aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia were given once daily orally with 1 ml BD syringe, for 28 days. The first two groups of mice i.e. group I and II were administered 1/10th (87.1 mg/kg) and 1/20th (43.5 mg/kg) of LD50 of thiamethoxam (871 mg/kg b.w.) suspended in com oil daily for 28 days. Group III was administered lead acetate @ 15 mg/kg dissolved in drinking water. Group IV and V mice received combination of lead acetate (15 mg/kg) and 1/10th (87.1 mg/kg) and 1/20th (43.5 mg/kg) of LD50 of thiamethoxam. Groups VI and VII were administered aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia (100mg/kg) and 1/10th (87.1 mg/kg) and 1/20th (43.5 mg/kg) of LD50 of thiamethoxam respectively. Group VIII was given lead acetate (15 mg/kg) and Tinospora cordifolia extract (100 mg/kg). Groups IX and X were administered 1/10th (87.1 mg/kg) and 1/20th (43.5 mg/kg) of LD50 of thiamethoxam respectively along with lead acetate (15 mg/kg) and Tinospora cordifolia extract (100 mg/kg). Groups XI and XII were kept as negative control and were gavaged with Tinospora cordifolia extract (100 mg/kg) and com oil (1 ml) orally respectively. Group XIII served as a positive control group and was given cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg) for genotoxicity study following intra peritoneal administration 24 hours prior to sacrifice i.e. on 27th day of experiment. Ail the mice were monitored for any observable toxic symptoms throughout the experiment period and they were also weighed weekly to monitor gain in body weight. Before sacrifice, the blood samples were collected and analyzed for hematological, biochemical, immunological and genotoxic parameters. After scarifice, bone marrow from femur was collected for both micronuclei and chromosomal aberration tests. There were noticeable signs and symptoms like pawing, burrowing and tremors in the treated animals. Severity of symptoms was high in animals given high dose of thiamethoxam. During the last quarter of the experiment, animals appeared dull, depressed and anorectic in the treated groups (given lead acetate and thiamethoxam). However, there was no mortality at both the dose levels of thiamethoxam and lead acetate. Significant decrease in body weight gain of the thiamethoxam and lead acetate treated mice as compared to control group was observed. Thiamethoxam, at high and low dose levels (87.1, 43.5 mg/kg b.w.) was found to be non-genotoxic as it produced non-significant change in chromosomal aberrated cells, micronuclei formation and non significant damage to DNA integrity in comet assay. Lead acetate, at the dose rate of 15 mg/kg b.w. showed significant increase in micronuclei, chromosomal aberrated cells and percentage of comet cells. There was no augmentation of genotoxic effect in the group treated with combination of lead acetate and thiamethoxam.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF FEVER AND CO-ADMINISTRATION OF KETOPROFEN ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND SAFETY OF SIMULTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION OF MOXIFLOXACIN AND KETOPROFEN IN SHEEP(AAU, 2012) Sadariya, Kamlesh A.; DR A.M. Thaker
