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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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20095
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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 ×
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SUBACUTE ORAL TOXICITY STUDY OF FEBUXOSTAT IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS
    (AAU, Anand, 2009) PATEL, VIJAYKUMAR B.; Prajapati, K. S.
    Febuxostat is a non-purine analogue and is a selective inhibitor of oxidized and reduced forms of Xanthine Oxidase that significantly reduces serum uric acid levels. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the repeated dose toxicity of febuxostat in Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were divided in 5 different groups each included 6 male and 6 female animals. They were administered febuxostat at 0 (vehicle only), 2, 10, 50 and 10 (Recovery) mg/kg, orally for 28 days respectively. The animals were observed for clinical signs and growth parameters. Hematological, biochemical, urine analysis, necropsy, organ weight and histopathological studies were conducted. Oral administration of febuxostat did not produce any toxic symptoms and there was no any change in feed consumption, body weight and body weight gain as compared to control group. No significant hematological alterations were noticed up to 10 mg/kg dose in both sexes. Leucocytosis with neutrophilia was noted in both sexes at 50 mg/kg dose group. There was increase in urea, creatinine and phosphorus along with decrease in calcium and sodium in the serum of male and female from dose group of 50 mg/kg. The dose dependent reduction in serum uric acid level was observed in animals of both sexes from group II, III, IV and V. Urine was yellowish and turbid in the animals of dose group 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Microscopic examination showed presence of erythrocytes and amorphous crystals in the male and female animals of dose group 50 mg/kg. The significant increase in relative weight of kidney was found in both the sexes of high dose group only. Gross pathological changes observed in the kidney of both the sexes in high dose group were paleness, flabbiness, enlargement and pinpoint whitish necrotic foci on the surface. Urinary bladder in this group showed distention with presence of yellowish urine with fine granular material. Histopathological changes were seen only in kidneys and urinary bladder of animals from group III and IV. Major histopathological changes observed in the kidneys were hyaline deposits in kidney tubules, basophilia of tubules, thickening of glomerular basement membrane, cystic dilatation of tubules, infiltration of inflammatory cells in intertubular space, proliferation of interstitial cormective tissue, neovascularization, necrosis of tubular epithelium, presence of necrosed inflammatory cells in tubular lumen, deposition of crystals in collecting tubules and papillary duct and papillary epithelial hyperplasia. The drug febuxostat was found effective in reducing serum uric acid levels in normal SD rats and was found nephrotoxic at dose levels of 10 and 50 mg/kg. The NOAEL was 2 mg/kg in SD rats.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON PATHOGENICITY OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM ON SWISS ALBINO MICE (Mus musculus)
    (AAU, Anand, 2009) BHAJANTRI, BASAVARAJ S; Prajapati, K. S.
    The present research work was conducted on 24 male and 24 female Swiss albino mice to study the repeated dose toxicity of Diclofenac sodium. Animals were randomly divided into 4 different groups with six male and six female in each. Group I severed as control. Group II, III and IV were administered with 2.37, 4.75 and 9.5 mg/kg of Diclofenac sodium per kg body weight respectively once daily for 28 days. The animals were monitored for any observable toxic symptoms and mortality throughout the experimental period. All the animals were weighed weekly to monitor body weight gain. The food consumption was also measured once a week. After completion of 28 days treatment, blood samples were collected for haematology and serum biochemical analysis. Necropsy was performed in all sacrificed animals and gross lesions were recorded. Tissue samples were collected in 10% formalin solution for histopathological examination. The extent and severity of observed symptoms varied according to the dosage administered to animals. Symptoms like dullness, depression, lethargy, and rough hair coat were noticed in mice of group III and FV. The dose dependent reduction in body weight and feed consumption was observed in animals of mid and high dose group. There was significant reduction in the red blood corpuscles, packed cell volume, haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, where as significant increase in mean corpuscular volume and absolute neutrophils in animals of group III and IV. Differential leucocyte count revealed significant increase in neutrophil and decrease in lymphocyte count in animals of Diclofenac sodium treated groups in and IV. In treatment group III and IV, the AST, ALT and Total bilirubin values were significantly increased. Where as significant decrease in total protein, albumin, globulin, and cholesterol was noticed. There was significant increase in urea, creatinine and uric acid in group in and IV. The animals of group IV revealed significant decrease in absolute organ weights of liver, kidneys and there was increase in absolute weight of spleen. Gross pathological changes were characterized by congestion and hemorrhages in intestine and stomach. Enlargement of spleen was the common findings in the animals of group in and IV. Varying degrees of degeneration was noticed in histopathological sections of liver and kidney. There were erosions, ulceration and necrosis of mucosal epithelium of stomach and intestine. Spleen showed hyperplasia of RE cells while lung showed mild congestion and edema in animals of group III and group FV. Gross and microscopic lesions were indicative of gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. The results of the present study indicated toxic potential of Diclofenac sodium, if used for longer time in animals.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON MORTALITY IN CAPTIVE AND WILD LARGE FELIDS IN GUJARAT STATE
    (AAU, Anand, 2009) Prabhu, Shyama N.; Joshi, B. P.
    The present study on "Pathological studies on mortality in captive and wild large felids in Gujarat state" was undertaken with a view to study the gross and histopathological lesions of specimens from captive and wild large felids. Postmortem and histopathological studies conducted on the specimens obtained in the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Anand during the last five years from January 2004 to March 2009 were analyzed. The tissue samples were received from different places mainly Sakkarbaug zoo, Junagadh; Gir National Park; Kamala Nehru Zoological Garden, Ahmedabad; Sayaji bang Zoo, Vadodara; Shyamprasad zoological garden, Muglisara, Surat and Rajkot Muncipal Corporation, Zoo Department along with the history, age, sex, species and postmortem report. Out of a total of 109 cases of wild felids, 58 lion, 40 leopard, seven panther and four tiger cases were recorded. The Gir forest of Gujarat state being the predominant track of Asiatic lions, more number of cases from lions compared to other felids was recorded. The study has revealed more number of females when compared to males in lion and leopard populations probably due to a decreased male to female ratio in the case of Asiatic lion and leopard in More cases were from animals that belonged to the age groups of 6-9 years and 12-15 years. Out of the 109 animals studied, 46 (42.2%) had respiratory; 23 (21.1%) urinary; 18 (16.5%) digestive; seven (6.4%) cardiovascular; two (1.83%) reproductive and two (1.83%) had neoplastic conditions i.e. metastatic adenocarcinoma of lung in lion and hard fibroma of ear in panther. Pneumonia was the most common condition noted with more cases of fibrinous pneumonia followed by granulomatous, interstitial and suppurative type. Among lions, the age group of 0-3 years (cubs) showed more number of pneumonia conditions indicating that younger age group is more prone to respiratory affections. Though the severity of lesions was variable among different wild felids, the nature of lesions suggestive of fibrinous pneumonia was same among all. Granulomatous pneumonia was seen in seven cases (four lions, one leopard and two tigers) of which two lions were positive for tuberculosis and one tiger showed lesions of fungal granuloma. Nephritis of different types was seen with high proportion of chronic interstitial nephritis in older wild felids. Chronic hepatitis especially portal cirrhosis was one of the important hepatic conditions encountered. Enteritis, septicemia, endometritis, neoplasms and gastritis were other conditions noted. Fourteen (12.8%) animals on histopathological examination did not reveal pathological alteration probably due to inappropriate collection of tissue samples during postmortem examination. Wild animals found dead in free ranges i.e. 11 (10.09%) showed autolytic changes in the tissue structure suggesting that putrefaction might have commenced by the time of tissue collection.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “TOXICOPATHOLOGY OF ROSUVASTATIN AND THIAZOLIDINEDIONES (ROSIGLITAZONE AND PIOGLITAZONE) IN MALE RATS
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2009) PAWAR AALAP N.; Dr. D. J. Ghodasara
    Rosuvastatin is among of the most effective treatment of hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia by providing an important and effective approach for lipid lowering agents. Thiazolidinediones (rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) are most commonly prescribed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to lower blood glucose levels. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the repeated dose toxicity of rosuvastatin and thiazolidinediones (rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) in Sprague Dawley male rats. The animals were divided in 7 different groups with 6 male animals in each group. The groups I, II, III, and IV were administered vehicle control (0 mg/kg), rosuvastatin (50 mg/kg), rosiglitazone (80 mg/kg), and pioglitazone (300 mg/kg) in individual treatment groups respectively. The groups V, VI and VII were treated in different combinations with rosuvastatin (50mg/kg) + rosiglitazone (80mg/kg); rosiglitazone (40mg/kg) + pioglitazone (150mg/kg) and rosiglitazone (80mg/kg) + pioglitazone (300mg/kg) respectively by oral dosage for 28 days.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “STUDY ON PATHOGENICITY OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM ON SWISS ALBINO MICE (Mus musculus)”
    (Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2009) BASAVARAJ S BHAJANTRI; Dr. K. S. Prajapati
    The present research work was conducted on 24 male and 24 female Swiss albino mice to study the repeated dose toxicity of Diclofenac sodium. Animals were randomly divided into 4 different groups with six male and six female in each. Group I severed as control. Group II, III and IV were administered with 2.37, 4.75 and 9.5 mg/kg of Diclofenac sodium per kg body weight respectively once daily for 28 days. The animals were monitored for any observable toxic symptoms and mortality throughout the experimental period. All the animals were weighed weekly to monitor body weight gain. The food consumption was also measured once a week. After completion of 28 days treatment, blood samples were collected for haematology and serum biochemical analysis. Necropsy was performed in all sacrificed animals and gross lesions were recorded. Tissue samples were collected in 10% formalin solution for histopathological examination.