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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON CHEMOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS ON AZASERINE INDUCED PANCREATIC CANCER IN WISTAR RATS(AAU, Anand, 2014) PRAJAPATI, ANKIT S.; Raval, S. K.Cancer is a devastating disease with a severe impact on the physical and psychological well being of patients. Pancreatic cancer has been reported in various species of animals including dogs and cats. To date, only limited therapeutic options are available for the treatment of cancers. This leads to alternative therapies, including the holistic approach of alternative medicine, particularly preparations from herbal products, which have formed the basis for traditional medicine for thousands of years. Phyllanthus amarus is a well known plant in Ayurveda and Siddha. It has been found to have a lot of medicinal properties particularly for its anti-cancerous or chemoprotective activity. Eighty rats were selected for the experiment. They were randomly divided into eight groups. Group I served as a healthy control group consisted of healthy rats. Pancreatic cancer was induced in group II, III, IV, V and VI rats using azaserine as inducing agent. Group II rats were kept untreated as pancreatic cancer control. Group III rats were treated with aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus (200 mg/kg body weight) and Group IV rats were treated with aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus (400 mg/kg body weight). Group V rats were treated with alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (200 mg/kg body weight) and Group VI animals treated with alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (400 mg/kg body weight). Group VII and VIII rats were kept as plant extract control for studying the effect of extract on normal rats. Significant (P < 0.05) reduction in feed consumption was observed in cancer bearing rats group II (12.70 ± 0.07 g) compared to normal rats of group I (13.36 ± 0.07 g). In group IV rats treated with aqueous extract of plant, reduction in feed intake (12.98 ± 0.09 g) was observed. A non-significant reduction in body weight gain was observed in group II (46.50 ± 8.20 g) compared to normal rat group I (48.50 ± 9.04 g). Four rats of group II were found dull and depressed on 3rd week of experiment. One rat in group II showed alopecia.ThesisItem Open Access SURVEY STUDY, ETIOPATHOLOGY, CLINICAL CARE AND MANAGEMENT OF PET AND ZOO COMPANION BIRDS(AAU, Anand, 2014) LABANA, YAMINI CHANDRAKANTBHAI; Jani, R. G.Birds are commonly found in-situ as one of the component of ecosystem and are maintained in ex-situ conservation in zoos and households all over the world. The birds of major biological orders viz., Passeriformes and Psittaciformes form the companion birds. Now-a-days, people like to have birds as a companion pet. Apart from pet bird lovers, many species of birds are also maintained by aviculturaUsts, zoological institutions, organizations for captive breeding programs. Looking towards the increasing popularity of these birds and consultancies to the clinician there arises a need to understand their normal physiological baselme information and their Use style behavioural studies to put on record normal haemato-biochemical and clinical informations as well as to rule out various causes of diseases and disorders of healthy and diseasesd zoo and pet companion birds. In the present study,retrospective and prospective study of common psittaciane birds of 200 and pet group were collected and analysed.During the period of 2 years (April 2011-March 2012 and April 2012-March 2013), information was collected and retrieved from total 1951 stock of companion birds, which comprised of 1924 birds from zoos and 27 from different pet owners of the birds who registered clinical cases to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC), Anand. The inference were drawn based on over all status, zoo wise, species wise, season wise and it was also studied on abnormal condition wise. Overall mortality data was observed as 6.6 per cent from the available records. The zoo wise mortality record suggested higher mortality in Ahmedabad zoo (8.27%) followed by Surat zoo (7.22%), Junagadh zoo (5.84%) and lower in Baroda zoo (1.94%). Species wise highest mortality was found in lorilceet swimson (100%) and in red rumped parakeet (100%) whereas lowest in zebra finch (0.8%). Amongst various diseases and disorders of study group, it was found over all high prevalence rate of mortality by coccidiosis (42.51%) followed by haemorrhagic enteritis (22.04%)) whereas it was found low for various disorders like ovarian tumor (0.78%)). Season wise highest mortality was recorded during winter season (48.8%)) followed by summer (41.7%)) and lowest recorded in monsoon (9,5%o) from zoos and TVCC. In both zoos and TVCC, the mortality (71.65%) and morbidity (51.85%) respectively recorded during April 2011-March 2012 was found to be higher than mortality (28.35%) and morbidity (48.15%) recorded during April 2012-March 2013. Out of total of 1954 birds, 48 were recorded with different physical abnormalities out of which 30 were with zoo and 18 were with pet birds. The different physical abnormalities were recorded in prepared proforma and data were analyzed. Zoo bird wise and pet birds wise the status of few important physical abnormalities were, pectoral muscle abnormality with (26.7%) and (12.0%), feather plucking with (50%) and (100%), stereotype movements with (66.7%) and (50%), skin abnormality (6.7%) and (5.6%) respectively. Birds showing diarrhoea were found to have low temperature (102.6 °F) while, those showing anorexia and respiratory distress were found with high temperature (108.0 °F) and (108.2 °F) respectively. Overall incidence of E.coli was recorded 63.2% from zoo and pet birds. Salmonella spp. was found 10.5 %, Klebsiella spp. (5.3%), Staphylococcus spp. (15.8%) and Streptococcus spp. (5.3%). From fungal isolates Candida spp. (27.3%)) was found highest from affected birds showing signs of diarrhoea. Prevalence rate of Aspergillus spp. was found 22.7 per cent. Overall prevalence rate of parasitic infection was found 48.6 per cent in which Eimeria oocysts were found highest (30%) followed by Ascaridia spp. (27.5%), Capillaria spp. (10.0%), trematode (7.5%), cestode (7.5%) and mixed infection (12.5%). Haematological study revealed non-significant variations amongst healthy and affected birds except for PCV (%) of affected (54.50±1.39%) were found significantly higher than healthy (49.40±l.39%) ones which were on account of dehydration and haemoconcentration. Biochemical analysis of Glucose (mg/dl) and uric acid (mg/dl) were found with no significant difference and only CPK (U/L) of affected (382±56.79 U/L) was found significantly higher than healthy ones (249.65±19.32 U/L) which was on account of muscle damage due to injury and confinement. ® One out of total of six cases screened for Chlamydiosis by using Immunocomb Avian Chlamydophila psittaci Antibodies Test Kit was found with scale 1-2 (inconclusive) while, remaining all were with scale 0 (negative) results. The major E. coli serotypes from positive samples revealed 01 (2), 04 (1) and 026 (2). In zoo birds overcrowding was observed among small species of birds like budgerigers (33.4%) and in pet birds it was only 27.8 per cent. In zoos, birds were provided with nutritionally adequate diet whereas, in pet birds seeds plus fruits (38.9%) diet was found to be offered highest. Pet birds were mainly provided with perches (44.4%) and swings (33.3%) for enrichment while, zoo birds with perches, holes and tunnels. In zoos for nesting facilities earthen pots, holes in the walls and wooden boxes were provided. Among pet birds prevalence rate of provision of earthen pots (33.3%) was found highest followed by paper shreds as nesting material (16.7%), hay straw (27.8%) and wooden boxes (11.1%). In zoos, provisions of medications were in routine and scheduled. But, in pet birds it was found multivitamins (33.3%) to be provided highest. Lack of awareness regarding deworming and antibiotics makes pet owners not providing them to their birds. The necessary suggestions were made to pet owners and zoo managers reciprocated with improvement in the health conditions. Study realized a need to standardize the protocol for health check up and regular monitoring of health of zoo and pet psittacine birds intensively.ThesisItem Open Access Survey Study, Etiopathology, Clinical Care and Management of Pet and Zoo Companion Birds(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2014) Y.C.Labana; DR. R. G. JANIBirds are commonly found in-situ as one of the component of ecosystem and are maintained in ex-situ conservation in zoos and households all over the world. The birds of major biological orders viz., Passeriformes and Psittaciformes form the companion birds. Now-a-days, people like to have birds as a companion pet. Apart from pet bird lovers, many species of birds are also maintained by aviculturalists, zoological institutions, organizations for captive breeding programs. Looking towards the increasing popularity of these birds and consultancies to the clinician there arises a need to understand their normal physiological baseline informationThesisItem Open Access Survey Study, Etiopathology, Clinical Care and Management of Pet and Zoo Companion Birds By(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2014) Y.C.Labana; DR. R. G. JANIBirds are commonly found in-situ as one of the component of ecosystem and are maintained in ex-situ conservation in zoos and households all over the world. The birds of major biological orders viz., Passeriformes and Psittaciformes form the companion birds. Now-a-days, people like to have birds as a companion pet. Apart from pet bird lovers, many species of birds are also maintained by aviculturalists, zoological institutions, organizations for captive breeding programs. Looking towards the increasing popularity of these birds and consultancies to the clinician there arises a need to understand their normal physiological baseline information and their life style behavioural studies to put on record normal haemato-biochemical and clinical informations as well as to rule out various causes of diseases and disorders of healthy and diseasesd zoo and pet companion birdsThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON RENOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS, ALCOHOLIC AND CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS OF CITRUS MEDICA(AAU, Anand, 2014) PATEL, SUNILKUMAR JITENDRABHAI; Dr. S. K. RavalCitrus medica, commonly known as a ‘Citron’ in English and ‘bijapura’ in Ayurvedic literature is shrub or small tree. Its leaflets are 3-6 inch long, elliptic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate with sort, wingless or nearly wingless petioles; flowers are 5-10 in a raceme, small or middle-sized; petals are generally more or less pink; fruit is globose ovoid or oblong often mamillate at the apex. Various parts of bijapura are widely used in Indian traditional system of medicine. “Studies on renoprotective activity of aqueous, alcoholic and chloroform extracts of Citrus medica” II The study was conducted on 72 adult healthy Wistar rats of 8-12 weeks of age were procured. Rats were selected randomly and divided in to 9 groups (Group – I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX). All Groups had eight animals each. All the rats were numbered group wise and individually. Group I served as normal control consisted of healthy animals.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON CHEMOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS ON AZASERINE INDUCED PANCREATIC CANCER IN WISTAR RATS(AAU, Anand, 2014) Prajapati, Ankit S.; Dr. S. K. RavalEighty rats were selected for the experiment. They were randomly divided into eight groups. Group I served as a healthy control group consisted of healthy rats. Pancreatic cancer was induced in group II, III, IV, V and VI rats using azaserine as inducing agent. Group II rats were kept untreated as pancreatic cancer control. Group “Studies on Chemoprotective activity of Phyllanthus amarus on Azaserine induced pancreatic cancer in Wistar rats” II III rats were treated with aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus (200 mg/kg body weight) and Group IV rats were treated with aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus (400 mg/kg body weight). Group V rats were treated with alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (200 mg/kg body weight) and Group VI animals treated with alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (400 mg/kg body weight). Group VII and VIII rats were kept as plant extract control for studying the effect of extract on normal rats.