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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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1992 - 19985
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Subject: Biochemistry × End date: 1999 × Start date: 1992 ×
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING SEED DEVELOPMENT OF SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS L.) AS INFLUENCED BY METHODS AND SCHEDULES OF IRRIGATION
    (AAU, Anand, 1996) Momin, Rafik A.; BHATNAGAR, RAMESH
    The present investigation was carried out to study the biochemical changes during different stages of seed development of safflower as influenced by different methods and schedules of irrigation during winter season at Anand under middle Gujarat conditions. This region represents a sub-tropical climate and soil is sandy loam in texture of alluvial origin. Sixteen treatments comprising all possible combinations of two methods viz., furrow (M1) and flood irrigation (M2) and eight schedules of irrigation viz., no irrigation (I0), irrigation at branching (I1), irrigation at flowering (I2 ), irrigation at seed development (I3), two irrigations each at branching and flowering (I4 ) , two irrigations each at branching and seed development (I5), two irrigation each at flowering and seed development (I6) and three irrigations each at branching, flowering and seed development stages (I7) were tried in a Factorial Randomised Block Design. The seed samples were drawn at 15, 30 and 45 days after flowering (DAF) analysing the quality parameters viz., seed moisture content, 100-seed weight, protein content, fibre content, total lipid content, lipid profile and fatty acid composition of total lipids in safflower seed. The moisture content of the seed and unit weight of fresh seed decreased, whereas unit weight of dry seed increased with the advancement in the seed maturity. Methods of irrigation (furrow and flood) did not bring significant variations either in moisture content or unit weight of fresh or dry seeds. However, crop irrigated at branching and flowering stages recorded the highest moisture content at 15 DAF, but unit weight was the highest when crop was irrigated at all the three critical stages (branching, flowering and seed development) of crop growth. Protein content in defatted meal increased upto 30 DAF and thereafter decreased upto maturity (45 DAF). But crude fibre content decreased with concomitant progress in the seed maturity. The methods of irrigation had no impact on protein and crude fibre contents of seed. Irrigations at the critical stages of crop growth had also given higher protein content at 30 DAF and lower at 45 DAF. Imposition of the stress at all the critical stages of crop growth gave maximum value for crude fibre content of seed. However, in case of flood irrigation, irrigating crop at the branching stage gave the highest crude fibre.Total lipids, triacylglycerol (TG), oleic acid and linoleic acid contents increased, whereas Sn- 1,2(2,3)diacylglycerol (DG), monoacylglycerol (MG), polax lipids (PL) and palmitic acid contents decreased with the progress in the seed maturity. Significant differences were observed in total lipids, TG, DG, PL and linoleic acid contents due to different methods of irrigation. Irrigation at the critical stages of crop growth gave higher total lipids, free fatty acids (FFA), DG, PL, palmitic acid and oleic acid contents, while stress at these critical stages gave higher TG, MG (at 15 DAF) and linoleic acid contents. The results of the present investigation reveal that crop irrigated by the furrow method at flowering and seed development stages gave the best quality oil as judged from linoleic acid content of seed oil. However, maximum quantity of total lipids was found when crop was irrigated at all the three critical stages of crop growth by furrow method.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    METABOLIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH LITTLE LEAF DISEASE IN EGG PLANT (Solanum melongena L.)
    (AAU, Anand, 1992) Vora, N. D.; CHAKRABORTY, M. K.
    Two varieties of brinjal (Egg plant, Solanum nelongena L.), viz., PN-1 and Morvl 4-2 and their F1 cross were under study to investigate the metabolic changes due to little leaf disease infection in them, and to locate possible biochemical factors that may be responsible for differential susceptibility to disease aaong the varieties. Before onset of disease, laoisture, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, sugar, starch, amino acid, protein, DM, RNA, peroxidase arul PPO activity were higher in resistant variety - PN-l and F1 cross as conpared to susceptible variety Morvi 4-2; phenol and glycoalkloid content were higher in Morvi 4-2 than PN-1 and F1. At peak stage o£ the disease, there was great reduction in moisture, chlorophyll, anthocyanln, sugar, peroxidase activity and glycoalkloid concentration in the susceptible brinjal variety - Morvi 4-2, but amino acid, DNA and RNA had increased. PPO activity reduced at 3rd stage only. PN-1 showed significant increase in peroxidase activity, PPO activity and glycoalkloid content after disease infection. Unlike the susceptible variety and F. cross, were anthocyanln was sharply reduced at this stage, the pigment concentration aaintained a steady state at peak disease period in PN-1. Other constituents showed normall reduction trend. The reduction in protein content was more or less sioilar in all the varieties after disease infection. Fruits of variety PN-1 with high sugar content and low phenol and glycoalkloid content proved better than Morvt 4-2 and F1 from quality viewpoint.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION OF ISOLATED PROTEIN FROM DE-OILED MUSTARD SEED AND EVALUATION OF ITS NUTRITIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
    (AAU, Anand, 1992) Talati, Jayant G; Chakraborty, M K
    With a view to find out suitability of protein isolate o[ mustard (Brassica Juncea) cv. Varuna for feed/food supplement, experiments on various aspects were conducted at the Biochemistry Department, B.A. College of Agriculture and Reproduct i.ve Biology Research Unit and Pathology Department of Veterinary College, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand during 1990-92. Dehulled, defatted meal was used for the extraction of meal nitrogen. Different conditions like, dilution ratio, time and type of equipment and pH of extracting solvent were studied to find out the optimum conditions for maximum extraction of protein from the meal. Isoelectric point was determined using 6 N HCl diid 10 per cent TCA as the precipitating reagent. To improve the colour of the protein isolate effect of sodium bisulfite and polyvinylpyrrolidone were studied at different concentrations. With the help of gel permeation chromatographic technique protein isolate was characterized and the molecular weight was also determined.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN GREEN AND RIPE FRUIT OF CHILLI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.) AS INFLUENCED BY LEVELS OF DRIP IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER WITH OR WITHOUT MULCHING
    (AAU, Anand, 1996) Panchal, Sanjay C.; BHATNAGAR, R.
    Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable crop with industrial and medicinal values. Different agronomic practices are known to affect the yield and quality of chilli fruit. In present studies an attempt was made to understand the influence of different levels of irrigation, mulch and nitrogen fertilizer on biochemical composition of chilli fruit at two different growth stages i.e. green mature and red mature. The various levels for irrigation were drip irrigations at 40% (I1), 60% (I2), 30% (I3) replenishment of PE and surface irrigation at 0.7 IW/CPE ratio (I4 ). The mulch treatments were no mulching (M0) and mulching with black polythene (M1). The nitrogen fertilizer levels were 75 (F1 ), 100 (F2 ) and 125 (F3) kg ha-1 . Jwala variety of chilli was grown in replicated plots and subjected to all possible treatment combinations. The fruits were analyzed for moisture, chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, capsaicin, total carbohydrate, protein, oil and fibre content at two growth stages. The results showed that quality of chilli fruits was improved when the crop was supplemented with surface irrigation at 0.7 IW/CPE ratio with 125 kg N ha-1 under black polythene mulch treatment at green mature stage; while at red mature stage, drip irrigation at 80% replenishment of PE applied with 125 kg N ha-1 and black polythene mulch treatment gave good quality of chillies. The treatment combinations I4M1F3 and I3M1F3 at green mature and red mature stages, respectively were pinpointed for producing chillies with good quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN TOMATO FRUITS DURING RIPENING AND STORAGE
    (AAU, Anand, 1998) Suthar, Varsha P.; BHATNAGAR, RAMESH
    Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is an important vegetable crop having industrial and medicinal values. The present investigation was carried out to study the biochemical changes taking place during tomato fruit ripening and storage in winter season of 1996-97 at Anand under Middle Gujarat condition. The tomato fruits of eight different varieties "Pusa ruby (V1), Junagadh ruby (V2), Mahabaleswar (V3), Anand 1 (V4), Angurlata (V5), CO3 (V6), SL 152 (V7) and NDT 120 (V8)" were picked at green mature (M1) and yellow (M2) stages of fruit ripening. The yellow stage fruits were kept to become red ripe (M3) at room temperature. The red ripe fruits were kept at room temperature (R1) and in a refrigerator (R2) for three days (S1) and six days (S2). The fruits of different maturity stages (M1, M2 and M3) and storage condition (R1S1, R1S2, R2S1, and R2S2) were analysed for biochemical parameters viz., moisture, total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, titrable acidity, ascorbic acid, carotene and lycopene contents. The results showed that among different varieties studied, Angurlata (V5) recorded the highest total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid and lycopene contents during maturity stages and storage conditions. All biochemical parameters studied, increased with advancement of ripening except titrable acidity and ascorbic acid content. Among both the storage conditions, the fruits stored in refrigerator showed higher titrable acidity, ascorbic acid and carotene content and room temperature stored fruits showed higher lycopene content. The total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid and lycopene contents were higher in six days stored fruits, while titrable acidity and carotene contents in three days stored fruits. The fruits of Angurlata (V5) variety stored in refrigerator for three days (V5R2S1) indicated higher total soluble sugar and ascorbic acid content, while fruits of SL 152 (V7) stored in refrigerator for six days (V7R2S2) indicated the highest ascorbic acid content.