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20212
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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Yellappa
    (KVAFSU,Bidar, 2021) Yellappa
    The study was conducted to know awareness level and risk factors involved in incidences of KFD in 4 taluks of Shivamogga distirict and the data was collected from 200 respondents through pre-tested interview schedule. Majority (97.6%) of the KFD infected respondents were hospitalized for an average of 11 days (range 2-45 days) with relapse among 38.1 per cent. Majority of KFD affected people were male (58.3%), middle age (82.1%), landless (44.00%), low icome (54.8%), 81.00 per cent of them had live stock and freely leaving outside for grazing (92.6%). Ten families had more than one patient. Awareness level found to be high in heavy infected taluks and low in less infected taluks, over all medium level awareness in Shivamogga district. More human KFD infections found where more movement and death of monkeys observed. Respodents of heavy infected taluks had high risks and low risk factors in less infected taluks. Landless and low-income respondents have got high risks but school going and children of below 6 years also got infected who don’t have any risk factors except possessing animals. Majority of the respondents visit forest for dry leaves and fire wood and remove bedding material once in more than one month. Over all 84.00 per cent of the resondents have taken vaccine and 76.2 per cent of vaccinated respondents have got infection, overall vaccine efficacy was 63.08 per cent. Major constraints were poor acceptance of vaccine, adverse effects of DMP oil, and poor awareness in adopting personal protection measures. Intensive IEC activieties are required to create awareness among the people about misconceptions about vaccine, role of livestock, not to use bedding material, to follow strict tick control measures and to use personal protection measures specially to wear gumboots. Key words: KFD, Zoonotic disease, awareness, risk factors, vaccine, DMP oil
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SALMONELLA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPECIES IN MILK VALUE CHAIN
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021) SUPRIYA K.; NAGAPPA KARABASANAVAR
    Food safety has become central to the food trade; as milk and dairy products continue to nourish the public, ensuring food safety across the dairy supply chain is of paramount importance. Therefore, a cross sectional study involving 720 samples of the milk value chain was undertaken with the objective of detection of Salmonella and Staphylococcus species as food safety hazards. Prevalence of Salmonella spp was 0.41%; isolates, recovered from milker’s hand, feed and water were found resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline. Staphylococcus species were detected in 4.3% samples of milk supply chain and comprised of coagulase positive (S. aureus 67.7%, S. intermedius 6.4%) and coagulase negative (S. lentus 9.6%, S. sciuri 3.2%, S. xylosus 3.2%, S. schleiferi 3.2%, S. felis 3.2% and S. gallinarum 3.2%) species. Staphylococcus isolates were found resistant to methicillin (32.2%), beta-lactam (41.9%) and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B(3.2%). All the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus isolates carried mecA gene. Questionnaire survey indicated lack and proper information about the antimicrobials use; clean milk producing practices and food safety. The PFGE profiling traced origin of a milk isolate of S. aureus to the soil; however, diverse pulsotypes indicated varied origin of antimicrobial resistant isolates. Findings of this study highlighted need for extensive risk analysis studies involving large samples of milk and dairy products to understand food safety hazards and protect the public health.