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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF AESCHYNOMENE AMERICANA IN RATS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021) MANIKANTH C.L; N. B. SHRIDHAR
    The study was designed to evaluate the pharmacological and toxicological properties of Aeschynomene americana plant. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, starch, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, phytosterols, triterpenoids, chalcones and coumarin. Evaluation of the in vivo anti-inflammatory property of the plant extract at doses 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg using carrageenan induced paw oedema model revealed significant anti-inflammatory activity. In vivo analgesic activity was assessed by inhibition of writhing induced by acetic acid as peripheral pain model and the extract at the doses 500 and 1000 mg/kg showed significant analgesic activity. Acute oral and repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity studies of methanolic extract was carried out in Wistar albino rats as per the OECD guidelines 423 and 407 respectively. In acute toxicity a dose level of 2000 mg/kg was studied. In repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study dose levels of 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg were administered daily and compared with the control rats. In toxicity studies, no mortality and toxicity signs were observed grossly but cellular changes observed in histopathology. Except for decrease in platelet and increase in AST in 28-day oral toxicity study, haematological and biochemical parameters were within the reference range in both the studies. Histopathology revealed dose dependent prominent congestive and haemorrhagic changes in repeated dose study. The plant showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic property that can be utilized to explore the therapeutic efficacy but with caution as it revealed toxicity as well. Key words: Aeschynomene americana, Phytochemical analysis, Anti-inflammatory activity, Toxicity study, Wistar albino rats.