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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × Author: RAMESHA, C. B. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF INACTIVATED Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis VACCINE IN SHEEP
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2018-07) RAMESHA, C. B.; Dr. D. RATHNAMMA
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate autogenous inactivated MAP vaccine of sheep origin with inactivated MAP S5 vaccine of goat origin in Mandya breed of sheep. The clinical symptoms attributable to JD were not observed in any of the vaccinated animals, whereas unvaccinated animals showed progressive loss of body weight, emaciation, weakness, pasty diarrhoea and rough hair coat after 90 days post vaccination (DPV). In Lymphocyte transformation test, PBMCs from the vaccinated animals had higher stimulative index. In serum nitric oxide assay, more of serum nitric oxide was observed in vaccinated animals. In serum IFN γ assay, vaccinated animals had significantly higher level of IFN γ. All three groups of animals showed peak levels at 90 DPV and maintained up to 180 DPV. Indirect ELISA results revealed that vaccinated animals had significantly higher antibody levels. Both the vaccines successfully inhibited localization of MAP in the intestine and in turn faecal shedding of MAP was significantly low in vaccinated animals up to 300 days. The shedding of MAP increased steadily after 90 days post challenge in control animals. Vaccinated animals remained healthy and gained significantly higher body weights compared to control. Gross and microscopic lesions were not observed in vaccinated animals, control animals showed thickening and corrugation of small intestine and enlarged lymph nodes, infiltration of mononuclear and epitheloid cells in intestine and lymph nodes. None of the vaccinated animals were positive for AFB. Further 33.33 per cent unvaccinated challenged animals were positive for AFB. Whereas, 16.66 per cent vaccinated and 50 per cent unvaccinated animals were positive for MAP antigen by immunohistochemistry. The CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry revealed high concentration of CD8+ cells in vaccinated animals. There was no significant difference in expression of CD4+ T cells. Both inactivated MAP vaccines had elicited cellular and humoral immune responses and effectively inhibited the localization of MAP.