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Open Access
Combining ability for quantitative traits and inheritance and marker based studies for rust resistance in garden pea [Pisum sativum (L.) var. hortense]
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-09) Yadav, Hirdesh; Singh, Y.V.
Open Access
Response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to zinc application
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-05) Kanwar, Prakash; Manoj Raghav
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the “ Response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to zinc application” at Vegetable Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, (Uttarakhand) during rabi season of 2016-2017. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication and ten treatments. During the study, observation on per cent emerge nce, leaf area index at 30 and 45 DAP, stem diameter at 45 DAP, plant height at 30 and 45 DAP, haulm weight per plot, Total number of tubers per hill, weight of tubers per hill, total tuber yield per plot, total tuber yield per hectare, harvest index, dry matter content, starch content, specific gravity of tubers, nitrogen, phosphorus and potash uptake by haulm, tuber, plant, available zinc content of soil before planting, available zinc content of soil after harvesting, available zinc content in potato plant at de-haulming, available zinc content in potato tubers were recorded. Besides this, to assess the profitability of treatments, cost of cultivation, net profit and benefit: cost ratio were also worked out. The findings of present investigation revealed that the performance of potato crop was significantly influenced by different zinc application. Among all treatments, treatment T5(RDF of NPK + 6.0 kg Zn at the time of planting) was found best with respect to overall plant growth, yield and quality parameters with total tuber yield (33.9 t/ha) , net profit (`273087.00), benefit: cost ratio (2.3). Based on overall performance, it could be concluded that under prevalent climatic conditions of Uttarakhand tarai region, application of zinc @ 6 kg/ha at the time of planting along with 160:100:120 kg N:P2O5:K2O can be recommended to get maximum tuber yield and higher net returns from the potato crop. Hence, recommended for commercial cultivation, provided all other scientific management practices are followed.
Open Access
Heterosis, combining ability and gene action for yield and quality traits in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)”
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2018-01) Pallavi; Singh, Y.V.
The present investigation involving two experiments was carried out during 2014-2015 at G.B.Pant University of agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. First experiment was undertaken to estimate the relative importance of combining ability and heterosis for 13 quantitative characters including seed yield in cowpea (Vigina unguculata (L). Walp). Second experiment was conducted to understand the nature of gene effects involved in the inheritance of various quantitative characters. Pant Lobia-1, Pant Lobia-2, Pant Lobia-3, Pant Lobia-5, PGCP-59, PGCP-63 and PVCP-20 along with their 21 F1’s were evaluated for genetic analysis using Griffing’s numerical approach (1956). Six generations viz;- P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 of each two families, PGCP-63 X Pant Lobia-1 (Family 1), Pant Lobia-3 X Pant Lobia-1 (Family 2), were evaluated in Compact Family Block Design with three replications and data were subjected to generation mean analysis following scaling test (Mather 1949). Analysis of variance revealed significant mean squares of general and specific combining abilities for all the traits studied. Pant lobia-2, Pant Lobia-3 and Pant Lobia-5 had good GCA for seed yield per hectare. Pant Lobia-1 was best general combiner for number of pods per plant and 100-seed weight whereas; Pant Lobia-2 for number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, seed yield per hectare, iron content and zinc content. Pant Lobia-3 for seed yield per hectare, seed weight per plant, zinc content and days to pod maturity; Pant Lobia-5 for plant height, seed yield per hectare, 100-seed weight, seed weight per plant and iron and zinc content; PGCP-59 and PGCP-63 were for plant height; PVCP-20 for green pod weight per plant and pod length. The hybrids Pant Lobia-2 X Pant Lobia-1 and PGCP-63 x Pant Lobia-5 revealed highest SCA effects for seed yield per hectare. Specific combing ability analysis indicated that the cross Pant Lobia- 3 x Pant Lobia-2 was best cross combination for days to 1st flowering, Pant Lobia-2 x Pant Lobia-1 was for number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, green pod yield per plant and seed yield per hectare; PVCP-20 x PGCP-63 for pod length, Pant Lobia-3 x Pant Lobia-2 for number of seeds per pod; PVCP20 x Pant Lobia-5 g for green pod weight per plant; PVCP-20 x Pant Lobia-3 for days to pod maturity; Pant Lobia-3 x Pant Lobia-1 for 100-seed weight and Pant Lobia-5 x Pant Lobia-1 for plant height and iron content and Pant Lobia- 5 x Pant Lobia-3 for zinc content. The magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobelteosis and economic heterosis for seed yield per hectare ranged from 9.03 to 67.10%, 6.20 to 54.47% and 4.95 to 82.75% respectively. Significant estimates of additive [d] and dominance [h] effects as well as all three types of epistasis were observed for most of the quantitative characters in all the two families. The opposite signs of [h] and [l] indicated that duplicate epistasis was important in inheritance for some of the traits in both the families. In the present investigation both additive and non-additive gene action are involved in controlling seed yield and related traits. The presence of additive gene action suggested that a part of the heterosis can fixed in subsequent generation to take advantage in further selection. The preponderance of non-additive gene action, however brought out that heterosis component could be explained in hybrid development in cowpea.
Open Access
Response of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to mulching
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-07) Suresh Kumar; Singh, Dhirendra Kumar
The investigation entitled “Response of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes to mulching” was carried out to study the response of genotype and mulch on growth and yield attributes of French bean. The field experiment was conducted at Vegetable Research Center, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India during autumn-winter season of 2011-12. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized block Design with three replication consisting of twelve treatments. The observations of growth character were recorded at various stages (30 and 60 DAS) of crop growth while yield attribute were recoded at harvest stage of the crop. The data were analyzed for standard error of mean and critical differences at 5% level of significance. The response of French to various treatments were measured in terms of plant growth attributes i.e., germination per cent, days taken to first germination, days to 50% germination, days taken to first flowering, days taken to 50% flowering, plant height at 30 DAS, plant height at 60 DAS, number of primary branches per plant, numbers of leaves, pod length, pod thickness and maturity and yield attributes like no. of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod weight, pod yield per plant, pod yield/ plot, pod yield q/ha and total soluble solids. On the basis of the present investigation of the experiment result, it can be concluded that treatment combination V1M3 produced maximum yield as well as more suitable for other growth character than other treatment combination.
Open Access
Genetic diversity and screening of brinjal germplasm against shoot and fruit borer
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-06) Khan, Rashid; Singh, Y.V.
The present investigation was conducted at Vegetable Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar (Uttarakhand) during kharif season 2011. In present study 192 genotypes of brinjal were assessed to know the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and genetic divergence for fruit yield and its contributing characters. All genotypes were screened out against shoot and fruit borer to identify resistance genotypes. These genotypes were evaluated in augmented block design and observations were recorded for 15 quantitative characters. The variance was recorded highest for total yield per hectare (448.00) and minimum for number of primary branches per plant (7.56). Coefficient of variability was recorded highest for number of fruits infested by shoot and fruit borer per plant (10.78) and minimum for days to 50% flowering (1.40). Based on genetic divergence population was grouped into five clusters. The cluster III had maximum number of genotypes (57) followed by cluster number II (53), I (43), IV (38), and V (1). The maximum inter cluster distance (18.031) was found in between clusters II and V, whereas minimum distance (2.869) was found between clusters between I and III. Total yield exhibited highest significant and positive correlation with total fruit weight per plant (1.00) followed by weight of fresh fruit per plant (0.780), total number of fruits per plant (0.560), average fruit weight (0.459), plant height (0.318) and fruit diameter (0.186) while significant and negative correlation was recorded with days to 50% flowering (0.231) and days to first fruit harvest (0.208). To initiate the resistance breeding programme all 192 genotypes were evaluated to observe their resistance level against brinjal shoot and fruit borer in field condition. Among 192 genotypes two genotypes viz. EC305163 and IC090132 were found immune to shoot and fruit borer, three genotype namely IC545256, IC433625 and IC264470 found resistance, 21 fairly resistance, 38 tolerant, 52 susceptible and rest 76 genotypes were found highly susceptible to brinjal shoot and fruit borer. The genotypes showing immune, resistance and fairly resistance reaction would be utilized for developing shoot and fruit borer resistant varieties of brinjal.
Open Access
Effect of soil moisture regimes and mulches on growth, yield and economics of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) under rainfed mid-hill condition of Uttarakhand
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-08) Thapliyal, Pramod; Bhatt, Lalit
The present study was undertaken to study the effect of soil moisture regime and mulch materials on plant growth, yield and economics of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) under rainfed mid-hill condition of Uttarakhand at Vegetable Science Research Block of Hill Campus, Ranichauri, (G. B. Pant University of Agriculture &Technology), Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand during, spring – summer season 2012. The trial was laid out in two Factorial Randomized Block Design, replicated thrice, of the two factors the first one was mulch materials (black polyethylene, organic mulch and unmulched control) while, the second one was soil moisture regimes i.e. 20-25, 15-20 and 10-15 per cent of soil moisture range. During the study, observations for plant height, plant spread, leaf area, days to 50 per cent flowering, number of harvestings, number of fruits per plant, total yield etc. were recorded. In addition, to assess the profitability of treatments, cost of cultivation, net profit and benefit- cost ratio was also worked out. The experimental findings revealed that summer squash performance was significantly influenced by different soil moisture regimes and mulch materials. Among three soil moisture regimes, 20 to 25 per cent soil moisture levels was found to be best with respect to plant growth characters, total yield (73.37 t ha-1), net return (Rs. 5,68,705.33 ha-1) and benefit – cost ratio (4.48). Similarly, out of two mulches, black polyethylene mulch was found to be the best with respect to plant growth characters, total yield (72.13 t ha-1), net return (Rs.5,51,513.67 ha-1) and benefit – cost ratio (4.23). So far interaction between soil moisture regime and mulching material are concerned out of 9 treatment combinations, S1M1 (under black polyethylene mulch) had recorded maximum yield of 83.80 t ha-1 along with highest net profit of Rs. 6,61,439.00 ha-1 and benefit – cost ratio of 4.74. Based on overall performance, it could be concluded that under the prevalent climatic condition of rainfed mid – hill of Uttarakhand, treatment combination S1M1 (20 to 25 per cent soil moisture under black polyethylene) is the best and most economical treatment, hence, recommended for commercial cultivation at farmers’ fields, provided all other scientific management practices are followed.
Open Access
Effect of photoperiod on growth and quality traits in f1c4 generation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-06) Saxena, Pragati; Singh, Dhirendra
The present investigation was undertaken at Vegetable Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during rabi season of 2011-13. The experiment material consisted of 14 genotypes, 4 checks and two photoperiod (P1 Normal photoperiod and P2 Extended photoperiod) grown in Randomized Block Design to determine the best genotypes, suitable photoperiod and their interaction for higher production. Out of two photoperiods, P2 was better for plant height, number of shoots per plant, tuber weight per plant, tuber yield per m2, TSS, specific gravity, dry matter, protein and ascorbic acid. Whereas, P1 performed better for number of tuber per plant. Among genotypes viz., TPSK-05-06-85 (G8) produced significantly more number of tuber per plant and Kufri Pukhraj (G18) performed better for tuber weight per plant. Genotypes TPSK-05-06-44 (G12) followed by Kufri Pukhraj (G18) and Kufri Chipsona-2 (G17) produced higher tuber yield per m2. Out of all the 36 interaction, G8P1 (TPSK-05-06-85, Normal Photoperiod) was found better for number of tuber per plant whereas, G12 P2 (TPSK-05-06-44, Extended Photoperiod) produce higher tuber yield per m2. Correlation studies indicated that tuber yield showed highly significant and positive correlation with number of tuber per plant (0.517) in P1 while in P2, tuber weight per plant (0.377) and significant for specific gravity (0.492) in P1 and TSS (0.275) in P2. Tuber yield also showed negative and significant correlation with ascorbic acid (0.438) in P2 and number of shoots per plant (0.263) in P1. In normal photoperiod, Path Coefficient Analysis revealed that number of tuber per plant exerted high order of positive direct effect (0.613) towards yield followed by germination percentage at 30days after planting (DAP) (0.579), plant height (0.460),TSS % (0.428),tuber weight per plant (0.366) and number of shoots per plant (0.283). However, specific gravity (-0.420), ascorbic acid (-0.228), dry matter (-0.188) and protein (-0.125) exerted negative direct effect towards tuber yield, whereas under extended photoperiod, path coefficient analysis revealed that tuber weight per plant exerted high order of positive direct effect (0.415) towards yield followed by TSS % (0.386), number of tuber per plant (0.299), dry matter (0.148), protein (0.105) and specific gravity (0.030). However, germination percentage at 30 days after planting (DAP) (-0.651), ascorbic acid (-0.485), plant height (-0.110) and number of shoots per plant (-0.035) exerted negative direct effect towards tuber yield.
Open Access
Evaluation of new genotypes of vegetable pea (Pisum sativum L.) under tarai condition of Uttarakhand
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2014) Pandey, Pooja; Uniyal, S.P.
In order to evaluate the performance of some of the new genotypes of vegetable pea under tarai condition of Uttarakhand, an investigation was carried out at Vegetable Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, during rabi season of 2012-13. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and 26 treatments. During study, observations for plant height, days to first picking, pod length, pod diameter, pod weight, pod number per plant weight of pod, yield and T.S.S. were recorded. In addition, to assess the profitability of crop, net profit and Benefit-Cost ratio had also been worked out. The findings of present investigation revealed that the genotype PMR 51 was found superior over 5 checks viz., Arka Ajit, Arkel, E6, Pant Uphar and PSM 3 in respect to number of pods per plant, average pod weight, pod yield, net profit and B-C ratio. This genotype yielded 20.3 t pods from one hectare area with net profit of Rs. 81,661.00 and Benefit-Cost ratio of 2.00. The other genotypes which had given more pod yield and secured IInd & IIIrd position in net profit were PMR 61 and PMR 64. These genotypes recorded the net profit of Rs. 73,116.00 and Rs. 69,876.00, respectively. Based on the findings of present investigation, it could be concluded that under prevalent climatic conditions of Uttarakhand tarai region, the new genotype PMR 51 is the most promising in respect to number of pods per plant, pod diameter, average weight of green pod, weight of green ovules, green pod yield and finally net profit per unit area compared to 20 other new genotypes and 5 commercial cultivars. With respect to pod length and number of ovules, the genotype PM 81 was found the best. The other genotypes which showed more yield and profitability in the experiment were PMR 61 and PMR 64. Therefore all the above said genotypes, in future, could be taken in further breeding programmes in order to improve the qualitative and quantitative features of existing cultivars.
Open Access
Evaluation of f1 hybrids of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) for early fruit yield in polyhouse under tarai condition of Uttarakhand
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-06) Rawat, Monisha; Maurya, S.K.
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L., 2n=2x=14), an economically important member of the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. A number of varieties/hybrids have been recently developed in the country in this crop but little effort has been made so far to evaluate them for their suitability of growing under green house conditions. In this context, present study was planned with the objectives to evaluate promising parthenocarpic and monoecious F1 hybrid varieties of cucumber in a naturally ventilated polyhouse for flowering, maturity, plant architecture, yield and yield attributes during the rabi as well as summer season. The experiment involving 10 genotypes includes five parthenocarpic varieties namely Hilton, Kian, Isatis, PPC-2 and PPC-3 and five monoecious F1 hybrids namely Malini, Kamini, Sheetal, Alamgir CT-180 and NS-404, collected from different sources. The experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2012-13 and summer season of 2013 at the Precision Farming Development Centre (PFDC) of the G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) using four replications. Each genotype had one row 3 m long with a plant spacing of 60 × 60cm. Appreciable performances were recorded for twelve horticultural traits. The ten genotypes had a wide range of variation for most of the characters under investigation. For fruit yield per hectare in rabi season, the genotypes Kian (200.15 q), Isatis (188.78 q), and Hilton (144.30 q) were the top performers and superior over the check variety PPC-3 (122.22 q), however, Sheetal was the least yielder genotype with 82.13 q/ha fruit yield and in summer season, the genotypes Malini (590.76 q), Hilton (572.80 q), and NS-404 (523.77 q) were the top performers and superior than the check variety PPC-3 (449.02 q)however, Sheetal was the least yielder genotype with 318.19 q/ha fruit yield. The high fruit yield recorded in the genotypes has been directly attributed to increased number of fruits per plant. The economic analysis of cucumber was carried out for three months and the B:C ratio obtained was 0.94 in Kian during the rabi season and 1.92 in Malini during the summer season. Therefore, it is recommended that such genotypes can be grown for commercial cultivation in the farmer’s field under protected cultivation under Tarai condition of Uttarakhand.

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