Genetic diversity and screening of brinjal germplasm against shoot and fruit borer
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Date
2013-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted at Vegetable Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar (Uttarakhand) during kharif season 2011. In present study 192 genotypes of brinjal were assessed to know the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and genetic divergence for fruit yield and its contributing characters. All genotypes were screened out against shoot and fruit borer to identify resistance genotypes. These genotypes were evaluated in augmented block design and observations were recorded for 15 quantitative characters.
The variance was recorded highest for total yield per hectare (448.00) and minimum for number of primary branches per plant (7.56). Coefficient of variability was recorded highest for number of fruits infested by shoot and fruit borer per plant (10.78) and minimum for days to 50% flowering (1.40).
Based on genetic divergence population was grouped into five clusters. The cluster III had maximum number of genotypes (57) followed by cluster number II (53), I (43), IV (38), and V (1). The maximum inter cluster distance (18.031) was found in between clusters II and V, whereas minimum distance (2.869) was found between clusters between I and III.
Total yield exhibited highest significant and positive correlation with total fruit weight per plant (1.00) followed by weight of fresh fruit per plant (0.780), total number of fruits per plant (0.560), average fruit weight (0.459), plant height (0.318) and fruit diameter (0.186) while significant and negative correlation was recorded with days to 50% flowering (0.231) and days to first fruit harvest (0.208).
To initiate the resistance breeding programme all 192 genotypes were evaluated to observe their resistance level against brinjal shoot and fruit borer in field condition. Among 192 genotypes two genotypes viz. EC305163 and IC090132 were found immune to shoot and fruit borer, three genotype namely IC545256, IC433625 and IC264470 found resistance, 21 fairly resistance, 38 tolerant, 52 susceptible and rest 76 genotypes were found highly susceptible to brinjal shoot and fruit borer. The genotypes showing immune, resistance and fairly resistance reaction would be utilized for developing shoot and fruit borer resistant varieties of brinjal.
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