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Subject: Agronomy × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of Basmati rice genotypes under optimum and sub optimum levels of nitrogen
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-07) Yadav, Parth Brat; Singh, D.K.
    A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2008 at Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) (29°N latitude, 79.29‟E longitude and 243.8 m altitude) for evaluation of twelve Basmati rice genotypes (IET-19783, IET-19784, IET-22001, IET-22002, IET-22003, IET-22005, IET-22007, IET-22008, Pusa Basmati-1, Taraori Basmati, Pant Sudandha Dhan-17 and Pusa Sugandha-4) under optimum and sub optimum levels of nitrogen (50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha). Treatments were tested in Split Plot Design with three replication keeping nitrogen levels in main plots and genotypes in sub plots. Different levels of nitrogen did not influence the grain yield significantly while straw yield and total biological yield was significantly affected. Application of nitrogen at 50 kg N ha-1, resulted significantly higher grain: straw ratio, harvest index, nitrogen use efficiency, hulling recovery per cent and milling recovery per cent. Number of shoots per m2, dry matter accumulation, sterility percentage, total nitrogen uptake, length of kernel, alkali value and head rice recovery per cent were found to be increased significantly up to 150 kg N ha-1. While plant height, developmental stages (days taken to 50% flowering, maturity & ripening period), grain yield, total spikelets per m2, number of filled spikelets per panicle, grain weight per panicle, 1000 grain weight, nitrogen content in grain, breadth of kernel, length: breadth ratio and aroma were not affected by levels of nitrogen. The Basmati rice genotype IET-22002 produced highest grain yield, which was significantly higher over all other genotypes. This genotype also recorded higher grain: straw ratio, harvest index, nitrogen content in grain, total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency and most of the quality parameters (kernel length, length: breadth ratio, milling recovery percentage and hulling recovery percentage). This genotype produced lower sterility per cent. It is concluded that application of nitrogen at lower dose is essential for obtaining higher yield of Basmati rice as most of the parameters of growth, development and quality were not responding to higher dose of nitrogen. The Basmati rice genotype IET-22002 was superior to all tested genotypes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genotypic response to system of rice intensification
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-12) Kalika, Pratap Singh; Bisht, P.S.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on integrated nutrient management in sweet sorghum and phillipesara intercropping system
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-03) Singh, Shyam; Kewalanand
    Field experiment was conducted at IDF, Nagla of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (U.S. Nagar) during kharif seasons of 2007 and 2008. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design consisting total 18 treatment combinations of 3 cropping system (sole sweet sorghum, sole phillipesara and sweet sorghum + phillipesara) and 6 source of nitrogen (Full dose of recommended N through inorganic fertilizer; 75% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 25% through vermicompost; 50% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 50% through vermicompost; 75% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 25% through farm yard manure; 50% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 50% through FYM and 50% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 25% through vermicompost + 25% through FYM which were replicated 4 times. The green and dry fodder yield at 80 DAS and all the growth parameters of sweet sorghum and crude protein yield of mixed fodder increased due to intercropping and with application of nitrogen 50% through inorganic fertilizer and 50% through vermicompost, however, sole phillipesara performed significantly better. The crude protein content and yield of sole phillipesara was significantly higher, while reverse, but non-significant was the trend for sweet sorghum. The stalk, juice, sugar, calculated ethanol yield and juice quality characters viz. juice, brix, sucrose and available sugar per cent of sweet sorghum were significantly more under intercropping supplied with 50% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 50% through vermicompost. The nutrient uptake by sweet sorghum was significantly more under intercropping, while that of phillipesara was under sole cropping. The growth parameters were positively associated with stalk, juice, sugar and ethanol yield. Among the juice quality parameters, juice, brix and sucrose per cent were positively and available sugar, juice purity coefficient were negatively associated with all the growth parameters and yield. The soil organic carbon, available N and P improved due to sole phillipesara and intercropping, while integrated nutrient sources, specially 50% nitrogen through inorganic fertilizer + 25% through vermicompost + 25% through FYM, improved the fertility status of soil compared to initial fertility level. Reduction in available soil K was notice in all the treatments compared with initial values. Thus, it is concluded that sweet sorghum intercropped with phillipesara receiving nitrogen 50 per cent through inorganic fertilizer and 50 per cent through vermicompost sustain higher yield and quality and improves soil fertility.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological basis of yield differences among wheat varieties under timely and late sown conditions
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-01) Pande, Pooja; Verma, R.S.
    The present investigation was carried out at Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar (Uttarakhand) during rabi 2006-07 and 2007-08 by sowing ten wheat varieties on November 14 and December 20. Delay in crop sowing adversely affect yield and yield attributes. Among the varieties UP 2572, UP 2565, UP 2526 and UP 2554 recorded high grain yield during both the years. Varieties UP 2572, UP 2565, UP 2526, UP 2425 and PBW 502 produced high biological yield during both the years. Delay in sowing reduced number of tillers and effective shoots. Variety PBW 502 followed by UP 2565 and UP 2554 produced highest number tillers in both the years. Varieties PBW 502, UP 2554 and UP 2526 produced higher number of effective shoots during both the years. The higher 1000-grain weight was recorded by varieties UP 2425 and UP 2565 during both the years. Reduction in leaf area index was observed due to late sowing at 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 day stage. High leaf area index was noticed in variety Raj 3765 upto 70 days after sowing and variety PBW 502 recorded highest leaf area index at 90 and 110 days after sowing during both the years. Leaf area index at 90 and 110 days after sowing was positively correlated with grain yield. The SPAD value was statistically similar in both timely and late sown crop at boot and anthesis stage but after anthesis, late sown crop showed significantly lower SPAD value than timely sown crop at one and two weeks after anthesis. Varieties PBW 502 and UP 2565 showed high chlorophyll content at all the stages during both the years. Delay in sowing showed reduction in photosynthetic rate. Variety UP 2565, PBW 502 recorded high photosynthetic rate at anthesis and ten days after anthesis during both the years. Protein content, gluten and sedimentation value was higher in late sown crop compare to timely sown crop whereas starch content was higher in timely sown crop compare to late sown crop. Among varieties UP 2338 and UP 2565 recorded high protein, gluten and sedimentation value whereas high starch content was recorded in variety PBW 502 and PBW 373 during both the years.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of hybrid varieties of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under different sowing time and spacing
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-09) Archana Kumari; Singh, R.P.
    A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2007-08 and 2008-09 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The experiment was laid out in split- split- plot design with three replications by taking sowing dates (October 10, October 20 and October 30 ) in main plot, varieties (Kranti, NRCHB-506 and DMH-1) in sub plots and spacing (30 cm x10 cm, 45 cm x10 cm and 60 cm x10 cm ) in sub-sub- plots. The soil of the experimental field was loam in texture with pH 7.5, organic carbon 0.90%, available N 236 kg/ha, available phosphorus 21 kg/ha and available potassium 306 kg/ha. October 10 sown crop recorded significantly higher seed yield/ha during both the years. Beyond October 10, delay in sowing by 10 days upto October 30 caused significant reduction in seed yield. In both the years hybrid DMH-1 had significantly highest seed yield followed by hybrid NRCHB-506 and variety Kranti. Closer spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm recorded significantly higher seed yield over 60 cm x 10 cm during both the years but remained at par with 45 cm x 10 cm in 2007-08. Early sowing caused significantly higher N, P and K uptake as compared to delayed sowing. Hybrid DMH-1 recorded significantly higher N, P and K uptake by seed and stover followed by hybrid NRCHB-506 during both the years. Closer spacing 30 cm× 10 cm recorded significantly higher N, P and K uptake over other two spacings. Oil content was influenced significantly by sowing dates only during both the years. Seed oil content was the maximum in October 10 sown crop during both the years. Varieties and spacings had non-significant effect on oil content. However higher oil content was recorded in hybrid NRCHB-506 and spacing 60 cm x 10 cm. Dry matter accumulation per plant at 60 DAS as well as at harvest, total branches per plant at harvest, number of siliquae per plant, 1000-seed weight and seed weight per plant had significant positive correlation with seed yield during both the years. The findings of this investigation suggested that October 10 was the optimum sowing time for newly developed hybrids of mustard. Hybrid DMH-1 was the best in terms of seed and oil yield followed by NRCHB-506, and thus, may be promoted for cultivation. These hybrids should be sown at spacing of 30 cm × 10 cm or 45 cm × 10 cm for realizing their yield potential.