Performance of Basmati rice genotypes under optimum and sub optimum levels of nitrogen
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Date
2009-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2008 at Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) (29°N latitude, 79.29‟E longitude and 243.8 m altitude) for evaluation of twelve Basmati rice genotypes (IET-19783, IET-19784, IET-22001, IET-22002, IET-22003, IET-22005, IET-22007, IET-22008, Pusa Basmati-1, Taraori Basmati, Pant Sudandha Dhan-17 and Pusa Sugandha-4) under optimum and sub optimum levels of nitrogen (50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha). Treatments were tested in Split Plot Design with three replication keeping nitrogen levels in main plots and genotypes in sub plots.
Different levels of nitrogen did not influence the grain yield significantly while straw yield and total biological yield was significantly affected. Application of nitrogen at 50 kg N ha-1, resulted significantly higher grain: straw ratio, harvest index, nitrogen use efficiency, hulling recovery per cent and milling recovery per cent. Number of shoots per m2, dry matter accumulation, sterility percentage, total nitrogen uptake, length of kernel, alkali value and head rice recovery per cent were found to be increased significantly up to 150 kg N ha-1. While plant height, developmental stages (days taken to 50% flowering, maturity & ripening period), grain yield, total spikelets per m2, number of filled spikelets per panicle, grain weight per panicle, 1000 grain weight, nitrogen content in grain, breadth of kernel, length: breadth ratio and aroma were not affected by levels of nitrogen.
The Basmati rice genotype IET-22002 produced highest grain yield, which was significantly higher over all other genotypes. This genotype also recorded higher grain: straw ratio, harvest index, nitrogen content in grain, total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency and most of the quality parameters (kernel length, length: breadth ratio, milling recovery percentage and hulling recovery percentage). This genotype produced lower sterility per cent.
It is concluded that application of nitrogen at lower dose is essential for obtaining higher yield of Basmati rice as most of the parameters of growth, development and quality were not responding to higher dose of nitrogen. The Basmati rice genotype IET-22002 was superior to all tested genotypes.