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Author: Jasleen Kaur × Start date: 1998 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    Characterization and evaluation of rice straw lignin phenolics on pollen germination in pumpkin
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2021) Jasleen Kaur; Ramandeep Kaur
    Rice straw is one of the most abundant, renewable, cost-effective and non-edible agricultural feedstocks. Its burning has led to air pollution, loss of soil fertility and nutrient depletion, therefore valorization of rice straw is important. Straw was found to be chemically composed of 24% hemicellulose, 41% cellulose, 9% lignin, 20% extractives and 6% ash (silica). Lignin was extracted using dilute acid pretreatment (1% H2SO4) followed by alkaline hydrolysis using NaOH. FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR were used for structural characterization of the lignin obtained from rice straw. The ethyl acetate extract of acid solubilized lignin was found to contain p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid as the major phenolic acids which were isolated using preparative thin layer chromatography. The phenolic acids were characterized using elemental analyses, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Amides of p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were synthesized by their reaction with propyl and butyl amines using microwave irradiation and analysed using spectral studies. Phenolic acids and their amides were evaluated for their effect on pollen germination and tube growth in pumpkin. It was concluded that at 5 ppm concentration, germination percentage and pollen tube growth of p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid and their amides was enhanced than the control. These results could be utilised in increasing pollen tube length of Cucurbita moschata while making interspecific cross between C. moschata and C. pepo in order to transfer the hull-less and disease and virus resistant character of C. moschata to C. pepo.
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    Dissipation kinetics of halosulfuron-methyl and its effect on soil enzymes
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2021) Jasleen Kaur; Pervinder Kaur
    The present study investigate the degradation dynamics of halosulfuron-methyl in soils under laboratory conditions. Soil samples were treated with halosulfuron-methyl at application rates of 67.5, 135, 202.5 and 270 g ha-1. Soil type, application rate and temperature had a great influence on degradation rate of halosulfuron-methyl. Halosulfuron-methyl residues were extracted by ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) and matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) and quantified using HPLC-UV. The mean percentage recoveries obtained using UAE and MSPD varied from 88.33±5.44 to 99.43±4.22% and 85.70±4.98 to 97.37±3.50% with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) as 0.0026 µg mL-1 and 0.008 µg mL-1, respectively. Dissipation of halosulfuron-methyl followed first order kinetics with half- lives varying from 9.38 to 33.77 days. Degradation increased with increase in temperature and varied from 14.39 to 33.77, 11.05 to 28.94 and 9.38 to 25.41 days at 5±2, 15±2 and 25±2°C. Halosulfuron-methyl had a transitory effect on dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase activity and soil microbial biomass (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and phosphate solubilizing bacteria population) but urease activity remains unaffected.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Temperature Dependent Electrical Conductivity of Soymilk during Ohmic Heating
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Jasleen Kaur; Paramjit Singh
    Ohmic heating, also known as „resistive heating‟ or „Joule heating‟ is a process when electrical current is passed through a conducting substance and due to its internal resistance heat is generated within that conducting substance. The present study aimed to design, built ohmic heating system and ohmic heating behavior was studied in soymilk. Study was conducted on five different voltage gradients (14, 12, 10, 8 and 6V/cm) and concentrations (100, 90, 80, 70, 60%) in the temperature range 30 to 70 ˚C. Ohmic heating behavior of any sample is affected by different parameters like electrical conductivity, viscosity, pH, soluble solids etc. Results indicated that there was a significant effect of voltage gradients and concentrations on the heating rate and heating rate showed a linear behavior. Also, plots between temperature and electrical conductivity depicted a linear trend. Other parameters- viscosity, pH and total soluble solids (TSS) were measured before and after ohmic heating. Statistical analysis was done on all of these parameters and it was concluded that ohmic heating had no effect on viscosity and TSS of sample, but there was a significant effect of this treatment on pH at 14 and 6V/cm and non-significant effect on rest of the voltage gradients. System performance coefficient (SPC) was calculated for all voltage gradients and all concentrations. It was observed that SPC was higher for 14V/cm for all concentrations and its value decreased as we decrease the voltage gradient.
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    Designing of one piece dresses from used jeans
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2016) Jasleen Kaur; Mahajan, Surabhi
    The present investigation was undertaken to study the reutilization of old jeans for making one piece dresses. The study was conducted on the college going girls in three different colleges of Punjab Agricultural University. An interview schedule was used for collecting data from ninety respondents regarding the preferences for the silhouettes and embellishments of one piece dresses to be prepared from used jeans. The results of the investigation were interpreted using percentages, mean scores and chi-square. The results of the collected data revealed that most preferred silhouette types were shirt, wrap, a-line, sheath and princess line. Printing and trimmings were the most preferred embellishment type to be placed on neck and waist. Majority of respondents preferred white, pink, light purple, light green and black as the colour of the embellishment. Fifteen designs were developed using most preferred silhouettes, type, colour and placement of embellishments in CorelDraw X7. Five most preferred designs by the experts were selected and constructed. The constructed dresses were evaluated by the respondents on the basis of their overall appearance on a five point scale. Most of the respondents considered the prepared dresses as excellent and very good. Maximum number of respondents liked the idea of reutilization of jeans for making one piece dresses. Also, majority of the respondents considered the estimated price of the dresses as adequate. An effort was also made to assess the market price of prepared one piece dresses and the result showed that all the constructed one piece dresses were saleable within a selling price range `1000-1800.