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Thesis

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2017 - 201912020 - 20221
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Rajvir Kaur × Type: Thesis ×
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    Mapping of QTLs for grain zinc and exploitation of protein variability in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Rajvir Kaur; Rupinder Kaur
    The present study was conducted to map QTLs for high grain zinc (Zn) in 119 F9 RILs derived from the cross of Dubraj and high Zn donor, IR 75862-206-2-8-3- B-B-B at Punjab Agricultural University from 2018-2020 along with checks. Significant genotypic variance was observed for grain Zn content in brown rice of the RIL population ranging from 16.8 to 40.8 ppm. QTL analysis revealed two QTLs for high grain Zn in brown rice viz., qZn4.1 and qZn4.1 with phenotypic variance 11 % and 10.9 % respectively on chromosome 4. Another QTL, qZn2 with phenotypic variance of 6% was identified on chromosome 2. Protein variability was also studied in a set of 90 wild rice accessions belonging to AA and CC genome, 19 non-basmati genotypes and 9 Basmati cultivars. The wild rice accessions had significantly high protein levels than cultivated ones. For wild rice accessions, the protein content ranged from 7.5 % to 20.8 % with a mean of 14.2%. For non-basmati cultivars and Basmati it ranged from 7.3 % to 11.5 % and 10 % to 11 %, respectively. Fractionation of storage proteins and SDS gel electrophoresis revealed differences in the protein content between the wild rice species and cultivated rice genotypes was mainly due to differences in their glutelin contents and high molecular weight glutelin polypeptides. Total tocopherol content in wild rice accessions along with non-basmati and Basmati cultivars was also evaluated and significant differences were found among them. The high Zn lines along with lines that have high protein and tocopherol content has potential to improve the nutritional quality of rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic diversity analysis in dual purpose oat (Avena sativa L.) germplasm.
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Rajvir Kaur; Kapoor, Rahul
    The present study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity present in the ninety six oat (Avena sativa L.) germplasm lines representing the collection from various eco-geographical regions of the country. On the basis of mean performance of the genotypes for fodder traits; OL 10 for plant height (60.09cm), OL 1636 for leaf length (53.55cm) and JO 03-95 for leaf width (1.86 cm), OS 7 for GFY (3.38kg/plot) and JHO-2001-1 for DMY (0.61 kg/plot) were found to be superior. Similarly, on basis of mean performance of the genotypes for grain traits; OS 7 for beta-glucan (4.35%), JHO-2009-1 for grain length (15 mm), OL 1542, OL 1611, OL 1615, OL 1636, OL 1635, JHO 851, EC 605839, EC 605833, EC 209750, EC 209472, EC 209408, SKO 315, SKO 312, and RO-2001-1 for grain width (3.3 mm) and UPO-093 for grain yield (426.91 g/plot) were found to be superior. Genetic divergence among 96 accessions was worked out for fodder and grain traits and then for dual purpose to generate dendrogram based on complete linkage and squared euclidean distance. All the 96 accessions were grouped into 6 clusters. Maximum inter cluster distance for fodder, grain and dual purpose was recorded between clusters VI and III (9.99), clusters I and VI (9.06), clusters IV and V (11.24) respectively, suggesting significant high genetic diversity betweeen genotypes of these clusters. According to criteria followed by Proceedings of AICRP (FCU 2015), the 14 best dual purpose genotypes evaluated are: UPO 093, OL 1611, JHO-2001-1, HJ 114, JHO 851, OL 1635, OS 329, SKO 27, HJ 8, OS 363, OL 1714, OS 376, EC 605833 and JHO-2009-1.The molecular diversity analysis using 31 SSR markers clustered all the 96 germplasm lines into two clusters, cluster A and B. Cluster A was further divided into sub-cluster 1 and 2. Genotypic pairs having utmost genetic dissimilarity of 49 % were OL 1624; OS 6, EC 605839; SKO 312 and HJ 114; SKO 312 while the minimum genetic dissimilarity of about 8% was observed between the lines EC 209402 and OS 374. PIC values ranged from 0.08 to 0.82 (primer 1950-2) with an average of 0.47. A total of 100 alleles were detected by 31 primers in the 96 genotypes with an average of 3.22 alleles per primer. Total number of alleles amplified for each primer ranged from 2 - 8. The maximum number of alleles (8) was amplified by cAM19. In addition, statistically non significant correlation with r=0.195 (P=0.05) was reported between morpho- agronomic and molecular diversity.