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Subject: Extension Education × End date: 2011 × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    OPINION OF THE VEGETABLE GROWERS REGARDING VEGETABLE PROCESSING IN LUDHIANA DISTRICT OF PUNJAB
    (PAU Ludhiana, 2011) Amandeep Arora; S.K., Saini
    The study entitled “ opinion of the vegetable growers regarding vegetable processing in Ludhiana district of Punjab” was undertaken to know the opinion of the vegetable growers regarding vegetable processing, problems perceived by them in processing of vegetables and suggestions to overcome the perceived constraints in processing of vegetables. A total sample of 80 vegetable growers cultivating potato, tomato and chilli were taken for the present investigation. The data were collected through personal interviews. The findings of the study revealed that more than half of the respondents (52.50 per cent) belonged to the age group of 38-50 years and 43.75 per cent of the respondents were matriculates. Majority of the respondents (61.25 per cent) belonged to nuclear families whereas 51.25 per cent had upto 5 members in their family. A little more than one-third (38.75 per cent) of the respondents had medium operational land holdings. A little less than half (47.50 per cent) of the respondents had experience in vegetable cultivation varying from 9-16 years and income varying from 4.5-7 lacs/ annum. Most of the respondents had medium extension contacts, mass media exposure, innovativeness, economic motivation, risk bearing capacity and low scientific orientation. Most of the respondents cultivated potato on 12-19 acres, tomato on 1-2.5 acres and chilli on 1.2 acres of land. All the respondents had cultivated wheat on their farms along with the selected crops. All the respondents were of opinion that processing of vegetables is profitable but complex process that requires technical knowledge and huge initial investment. However it increases the shelf life and market value of the product. There was significant association between Education, operational land holding, income, innovativeness, scientific orientation, risk bearing capacity and economic motivation with willingness for processing of vegetables whereas family type, family size, experience in vegetable cultivation, extension contacts, mass media exposure had no significant association with willingness for vegetable processing. Lack of finance was the most serious problem perceived by respondents in processing of vegetables.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DISCRIMINATORY ANALYSIS OF ADOPTERS AND NON-ADOPTERS OF HAPPY SEEDER IN WHEAT CROP
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2011) Sukhdeep Singh
    The study entitled “Discriminatory analysis of adopters and non-adopters of Happy Seeder in wheat crop” was undertaken to study different stages undergone by the adopters and non-adopters in the adoption process of Happy Seeder, different sources used by the respondents at each stage of adoption and benefits perceived/received, problems faced by the respondents in the adoption of Happy Seeder, and factors differentiating adopters and nonadopters. A list of farmers who had adopted Happy Seeder was prepared from the selected cluster and 40 adopters were randomly selected from this list. An equal number of non – adopters were selected from same villages. Thus the total sample comprised of 80 farmers. Specially designed interview schedule was used to collect the data. Majority of adopters were in the middle age group and majority of the non-adopters were in young age group. Adopters had high educational level and large operational holding whereas non-adopters had low educational level and small operational land holding. Majority of adopters had high innovativeness, risk bearing capacity and scientific orientation, whereas non-adopters were in low categories on all these characteristics. Majority of the adopters passed through all the stages of adoption and took less time at each stage. Whereas non-adopters had not passed through all the stages of adoption process and took more time at each stage. Majority of the adopters reported low cost of sowing then conventional method of sowing and saving of two irrigations as the major benefit of Happy Seeder. Whereas high cost of Happy Seeder, low subsidy on the machine, difficulty in straw management and peer pressure not to use the Happy Seeder were the major problems of the non-adopters
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF NEED BASED TRAINING MODULE FOR FARMERS REGARDING FARM FORESTRY
    (Punjab Agricultural University, 2011) Rajwinder singh; Prabhjot Kaur
    The present study entitled “Development of need based training module for farmers regarding farm forestry” was undertaken to ascertain the training need of farmers regarding farm forestry, utility of the existing Package of Practices on recommendations of farm forestry as perceived by the farmers and develop the training module for farmers regarding farm forestry for the cultivation of eucalypt and poplar. A sample of 160 farmers including 80 adopters and 80 non-adopters was drawn from 8 randomly selected villages from 2 blocks of Ludhiana district. The data were collected by using distributed questionnaire approach. Knowledge test was to assess the training needs of adopters and non-adopters. Majority of the adopters and non-adopters were belonging to 25-35 years age group. Training need intensity of the adopters was found to be high in the area of harvesting and marketing and low in the area of irrigation for both poplar and eucalypt cultivation. Training need intensity of the non-adopters was found to be high in the area of climate and soil requirements, field planting, plant protection measures, harvesting and marketing for both poplar and eucalypt cultivation. Further training need intensity in case of poplar cultivation was high in the areas of nursery raising and training need intensity in case of eucalypt cultivation was high in the area of propagation. Training needs intensity of the non-adopters was found to be low in the area of irrigation for eucalypt cultivation. The overall training need intensity was found to be more in non-adopters as compared to the adopters. Based on the training need intensity of the farmers a module on various practices was prepared. It will be useful for the farmers engaged in farm forestry. It will also helpful for the extension personnel to train and educate the farmers regarding poplar and eucalypt cultivation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Job Satisfaction of Agricultural Scientists of Selected State Agricultural Universities of Northern Region
    (PUNJAB AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2011) Yadav, Kiran; Dhillon, D. S.
    The present study was conducted to investigate the level of job satisfaction, factors affecting job satisfaction, relationship of socio-personal characteristics of agricultural scientists of selected state agricultural universities of northern region viz. PAU, GBPUAT and HAU and get suggestions to enhance their job satisfaction. The data were collected from 300 respondents, 100 from each university. The findings revealed that all the agricultural scientists were highly satisfied and fewer differences were found among the universities. HAU was significantly different from PAU and GBPUAT in most of the cases. Among the thirty determinants of job satisfaction, 13 were significantly different (p<0.05 and p<0.01) among the three universities. Herzberg’s motivator factors (p<0.05) and hygiene factors (p<0.01) revealed significant difference among the three agricultural universities. In HAU, negative significant correlation (p<0.05) was found in between job satisfaction and distance (kms) of place of posting from respondent’s permanent home. In GBPUAT the respondent’s job satisfaction significantly varied (p<0.01) in nuclear and joint families and job performance showed positive and significant correlation (p<0.01) between male (high) and female (low).In PAU Assistant Professors, Associate Professors and Professors showed significant difference (p<0.05) and had positive correlation (p<0.05) with their service experience in relation to job performance. The findings further revealed that HAU had more training experts as compared to PAU and GBPUAT. All the three universities ranked teaching, research and extension at first, second and third place respectively and expressed their views on team work rather than work alone. Too much paper work frustrated the all respondents. In PAU and HAU, a positive correlation between the job satisfaction and job performance was found significant (p<0.01). Most of the factors of job performance varied among the three universities. The data showed that most of the Herzberg’s motivator and hygiene factors contributing the job satisfaction of agricultural scientists of HAU in comparison to PAU and GBPUAT. The respondents suggested that ongoing facilities should be worked out consistently and in few areas they should be further improved to enhance job satisfaction.