Thumbnail Image

Thesis

Browse

2010 - 20122
Reset filters
Subject: Chemistry × Author: Ramandeep Kaur × Start date: 2000 ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHEMISTRY AND INSECTICIDAL POTENTIAL OF PARTHENIN AND ITS TRANSFORMATION REACTION PRODUCTS AGAINST Tribolium castaneum (Herbst).
    (PAU Ludhiana, 2012) Ramandeep Kaur; K. K., Chahal
    The present investigation deals with Chemistry and insecticidal potential of parthenin and its transformation reaction products against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst).The shade dried and powdered leaves of Parthenium hysterophorous were extracted in chloroform using Soxhlet extraction method. Parthenin was isolated by column chromatography using chloroform:acetone (5%) solution as the eluent. Parthenin was subjected to reaction with diazoester which resulted into the formation of two compoundspyrolysis product and diazoester adduct. Parthenin on reactions with dry hydrochloric acid gas and formic acid gets converted into anhydroparthenin. Parthenin on irradiation with microwave gets converted into anhydroparthenin. Parthenin and its derivatives were characterised on the basis of melting point, TLC, FT-IR and 1H NMR. Parthenin and its derivatives were tested for their bioefficacy against adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) by releasing them in wheat grains spiked with various concentrations of test compounds viz. 1,000, 2,000, 4,000, 5,000, 10,000 and 20,000 μg g-1 of wheat respectively. The observations of mortality were noted every 24 hours till complete or constant mortality was obtained. The corrected per cent mortality was calculated using Abbott’s formula. All the compounds exhibited complete mortality at the spiking level of 10,000 and 20,000μg g-1. Parthenin was found to be most potent followed by anhydroparthenin, pyrolysis product and diazoester adduct.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemRestricted
    CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SUGARCANE BAGASSE AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR PRODUCTION OF HEMICELLULOSIC FURFURAL AND CELLULOSIC ETHANOL
    (PAU Ludhiana, 2010) Ramandeep Kaur; S.K., Uppal
    Chemical composition of sugarcane bagasse and its production potential of hemicellulosic furfural and cellulosic ethanol was studied in sugarcane varieties CoJ 88 and CoS 8436. For this the preparation of fine bagasse sample of two varieties was standardized in laboratory. From analysis of chemical composition, the bagasse of CoS 8436 was found to have more cellulose, hemicellulose and less lignin content than CoJ 88.Then bagasse of both varieties was treated with different acids (acetic acid, formic acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid) with variable concentrations (1M, 2M and 3M) and autoclaved for 180, 300 and 420 minutes with solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 at 110C temperature and 1.05 kg cm-2 steam pressure for furfural production. The reaction of bagasse of CoS 8436 with 3.0M nitric acid for 300 minutes gave the highest yields of furfural (119.94 mg/g). Furfural was extracted and identified on the basis of TLC, Boiling point, IR and NMR data. Chemical pretreatments were carried out by shaking bagasse of both varieties with 1, 2 and 3% H2O2 (pH 10, 11.5 and13) for 24, 48 and 72 hrs with subsequent saccharification of pretreated bagasse with H2SO4 (0.8 and 1.0M) for 50 minutes. Acid hydrolysates were fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var ellipsoideus for ethanol production. Maximum weight loss in alkaline pretreatment (52.30%), amount of reducing sugars (520.84 mg/g) and ethanol produced (27.94 ml/100g pretreated bagasse) were found in 2% H2O2 (pH 11.5, 48 hrs) pretreated bagasse of CoS 8436 saccharified with 0.8M H2SO4 after fermentation for 72 hours.