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Subject: Agricultural Meteorology × Author: Arpna × Start date: 2012 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Impact analysis of precipitation and groundwater behaviour in Punjab by using stochastic model technique
    (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2022) Arpna; Gill, K. K.
    Agriculture in India is mostly rainfed and is greatly influenced by summer monsoon. It contributes about 75 % of the total rainfall. The historical data of rainfall (1951-2018) and groundwater (1998-2018) for different zones of Punjab viz. Sub-mountain undulating zone, Undulating plain zone, Central plain zone, Western plain zone and Western zone were collected from the Meteorological Department, New Delhi and Department of Soil & Water Engineering, PAU, Ludhiana, respectively. The data of area and productivity of major crops of Punjab viz. rice, wheat, maize, cotton and mustard were collected from Statistical Abstract of Punjab. Rainfall Anomaly Index revealed that maximum dry and wet years during 19512018 has been observed in Hoshiarpur (37 years) and SAS Nagar (32 years), respectively. The extreme rainfall events during the last 2 decades (2001-10 and 2011-18) showed decreasing trend as compared to the previous decades (except Amritsar, Bathinda, Patiala, SAS Nagar and Tarn Taran). Mann-kendall test exhibited the decreasing trend of rainfall in the month of January, July, August, October and increasing trend of rainfall in the month of February, April, May, June, September, November has been noticed in most of the districts. Decade wise rainy days showed the decreasing trend during annual period and post monsoon rainy days, whereas monsoon and pre monsoon rainy days presented the increasing trend from the last few decades. The groundwater table showed significant decrease in groundwater level depth in all the districts except Mukatsar district. Standard Groundwater Level Index (SGI) exhibited that non drought years from 1998 to 2018 observed as highest at SAS Nagar and drought year were highest at Kapurthala. Relationship between groundwater, area and productivity of the major cropping system revealed that productivity of the cropping system has been increased with the decline in water table while the area under major cropping system have been deceased except rice-wheat cropping system.