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Subject: Veterinary Surgery and Radiology × Author: Ganjoo, Vasvi × End date: 2022 × Start date: 2022 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Ultrasonographic and Echo biometric evaluation of canine renal dysfunction.
    (CSK HPKV, Palampur, 2022-12-23) Ganjoo, Vasvi; Kumar, Adarsh
    The study was conducted on all the canine clinical cases referred to the Department of Surgery and Radiology, DGCNCOVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur. The main aim of the study was to assess the sonographic parameters and echo-biometry of renal dysfunctions in dogs. A total of 100 client-owned canine patients were the subject of the study. the ultrasonographic examination included both greyscale as well as doppler ultrasonography to facilitate diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic protocols. As the serum creatinine levels increase, there was evidence of an increase in renal cortical echogenicity. There were alterations in renal size concerning various renal dysfunctions. Since both these renal parameters depict irreversible changes, further grading of various dysfunctions like AKI and CKD was also carried out. Significant reduction in renal length was observed in conditions like ESRD and CKD. Contrariwise, a significant increase in renal length was observed in the case of AKI. Pyelectasia was also found to be an important sonographic finding, therefore can be explored while staging chronic kidney disease into grades III and IV. Detection of renal echogenicity was found to be difficult in ESRD, the sonographic topography of great vessels helped in locating almost isoechoic undifferentiated and damaged renal entities. Doppler examination revealed increased vascular resistance in most of the renal dysfunctions. Colour doppler is a very good indicator of the renal vasculature. Renal vascular resistance (RI and PI) was found to be significantly increased in diffuse renal parenchymal abnormalities like AKI, CKD and ESRD. Sonography was found to be a sensitive diagnostic modality used for detecting nephrolithiasis even in asymptomatic dogs (73%) that did not exhibit any pain thus aiding to institute corrective and preventive management.