Loading...
Theses
Browse
47 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access “INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDE APPLICATION ON MICROBIAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RICE RHIZOSPHERE SOIL UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS”(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2010) MISHRA, VIVEK; GUPTA, S.B.“INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDE APPLICATION ON MICROBIAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RICE RHIZOSPHERE SOIL UNDER DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS” By VIVEK MISHRA ABSTRACT A field study was conducted during Kharif, 2009 in Instructional cum Research farm, IGKV, Raipur, in an Inceptisol with rainy season rice to evaluate the effect of herbicides application on microbial and biochemical characteristics of rhizosphere soil under different tillage systems. Four different types of tillage system were evaluated viz. (i) conventional- conventional (ii) conventional- zero (iii) zero- conventional and (iv) zero- zero. Among weed control measures comparative effects of hand weeding and recommended herbicides application (butachlor as pre emergence and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + ethoxysulfuron as post emergence herbicide @ 1.5kg, 56.25gm and 15gm a.i. ha-1, respectively) were tested compared with a weedy check (control). The results of the investigation revealed that the conventional- conventional tillage system was found most effective to improve the physico- chemical, biochemical and microbial characteristics of soil. Under this system the pH of the soil tended towards normality, minimum water soluble salt and maximum organic carbon content was accumulated in rhizosphere. Maximum microbial activities like enzyme activity, respiration rate along with highest microbial biomass carbon and microbial population was observed under this system. Application of pre emergence and post emergence herbicide reduce the microbial and biochemical activities in soil from its application (3 and 22 days after sowing, respectively) to 35 days after sowing of the crop thereafter due to its degradation the microbial and biochemical activities in the soil system improved and reached to a maximum at 50 DAS. At harvest stage of the crop the levels of the above parameters were found statistically similar to that of hand weeded and weedy check condition which indicates that applied herbicides at recommended level do not leave any harmful residues in soil system at harvest stage of the crop. Weedy check condition facilitated more microbial and biochemical activities in rhizosphere soil which might be due to higher root density per unit area caused greater rhizosphere effect.ThesisItem Open Access “SELECTION OF EFFECTIVE RHIZOBIUM ISOLATES OF RAJMA (Phaseolus vulgaris)”(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2008) BHENDIYA, THANENDRA SINGH; GUPTA, S.B.Selection of effective Rhizobium isolates of Rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris) BY Thanendra Singh Bhendiya ABSTRACT Green house experiments under sterilized sand culture and pot culture with unsterilized soil were conducted at the Department of Microbiology, IGKV, Raipur during the year 2007-08 to select location specific effective Rhizobium isolate(s) for Rajma through systematic screening of Rhizobium germplasm. Initially 200 soil samples were collected from districts Kanpur (U.P.), Jabalpur (M.P.), Rajnandgaon and Durg (C.G.). Further they were qualitatively tested by plant infection method for presence of root nodule bacteria of Rajma and from first stage screening, it was concluded that 12 per cent soil samples did not have native Rhizobium of this legume. Hence, only 176 isolates could be isolated from nodulated Rajma plants raised from seeds inoculated with different 200 soil inocula under sterilized sand culture devoid of N-source conditions. On the basis of most effective BNF parameters top 10 local isolates were selected and compared with national check during second stage screening. Keeping in view of experimental findings related to most effective BNF parameter like N-uptake, fresh and dry weight and pod weight performance of native isolate No. 144 was found superior followed by isolate No. 5 among all isolates under the study including national check. Hence, it was concluded that the isolate No. 144 is the most potent N2 fixer for Rajma cultivation under agroclimatic conditions of Chhattisgarh.ThesisItem Open Access “DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIAL FERTILIZER FOR WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.).”(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2008) ROY, CHANDAN KUMAR; GUPTA, S.B.CHANDAN KUMAR ROY ABSTRACT The investigation comprising i) Survey and collection of wheat soils from Bastar region of C.G. ii) Sand culture study for isolation and preliminary screening of wheat rhizo-bacteria iii) Characterization of bacterial isolates and iv) Pot experiment for second stage screening of wheat loving promising PSB, was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, C.G. during the year 2007-08. It was planned especially in order to develop location specific effective PSB fertilizer for wheat growers of the Bastar region. During preliminary screening (First stage screening), 124 isolates of PSB, 145 isolates of Azotobacter and 153 isolates of Azospirillum were isolated from rhizospher-rhizoplane of wheat plants raised from seeds inoculated 162 soil inocula of 39 villages of Bastar region. Then after all the rhizobacteria especially wheat loving native PSB isolates characterized properly for their Gram’s staining reaction, starch hydrolysis, gelatin liquefaction, catalase activity and acid production test. Out of 124 PSB isolates, 96 isolates were found Gram–ve. The maximum starch hydrolysis was exhibited by isolate PSB-B162 followed by isolate PSB-B33 whereas PSB-B58 showed maximum gelatin liquefaction. All the 124 PSB isolates showed catalase activity. Maximum catalase activity was associated with isolate PSB-B58 followed by PSB-B9 and the most prominent acid producer was PSB-B123 followed by PSB-B33 and PSB-B58. In the study of IAA production, out of 124 PSB isolates only 61 isolates were able to produce IAA. Among PSB isolates maximum IAA was produced by isolate PSB-B162 (10.33 μg / 25 ml broth) followed by isolate PSB-B33 (10.26 μg / 25 ml broth). While, IAA 11.54 μg / 25 ml broth was produced by national check (Pseudomonas striata). Similar to that of IAA production, highest amount of solubilized P (24.58 mg P / 100ml medium) was also associated with the national check followed by PSB isolates PSB-B123 and PSB-B16 (23.99 mg P / 100ml broth and 23.99 mg P / 100ml broth respectively) in TCP broth after 2 weeks of incubation. The qualitative observations related to diameter of solubilizing zone on modified Sperber’s agar medium after 48 hours of incubation clearly indicated superiority of local PSB-B123 isolate among all the PSB isolates including national check under the study. The highest diameter of solubilizing zone was recorded as 21 mm for PSB-B123 which was followed by isolates PSB-B162, PSB-B146, PSB-B33 and so on. The 20 mm diameter of solubilizing zone was recorded for the national strain. Based on the results, especially phosphate solubilizing ability of the PSB isolates, top 8 promising isolates were selected for second stage screening under green house conditions. During second stage screening, top 8 promising PSB isolates were compared with national check for their influence on plant height, biomass and phosphorus accumulation by wheat plants raised from the inoculated seeds on Vertisol taking four controls viz. C1, C2, C3 and C4 with P doses of 45, 50, 55 and 60 kg P2O5 / ha. respectively for comparison in order to estimate saving of chemical P fertilizer. The observations related to biomass and phosphorus accumulation by wheat plants clearly revealed that inoculation of local isolate PSB-B123 and national check performed at par with C4 whereas inoculations involving isolates PSB-B24, PSB-B9, PSB-B16 and PSB-B162 performed at par with C3. These results indicate that PSB-B123 and national check were able to save about 15 kg P2O5 / ha while PSB-B24, PSB-B9, PSB-B16 and PSB-B162 were able to save about 10 kg P2O5/ ha. to the wheat crop. 65 Keeping in view of findings of present investigation, it can be concluded that local PSB isolate i.e. PSB-B123 holds tremendous potential for the development of specific PSB fertilizer for wheat growers of Bastar region of Chhattisgarh state which is bigger than many states of the country.ThesisItem Open Access “STUDIES ON COLLAR ROT (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) DISEASE OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max L. Merril)”(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALYA, RAIPUR, 2011) Kumar, Jitendra; Dantre, R.K.The present investigation entitled “Studies on collar rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) disease of soybean (Glycine max L.Merril)” were conducted in the laboratory and mist chamber of Dept. of Plant Pathology and Plant Pathology Soybean Research Farm, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.). The pathogen associated with collar rot of soybean was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii on the basis of in-vitro studies viz. isolation, morphological characterization and pathogenicity test. Different parameters suitable for growth of the fungus such as media, temperature and pH, were also studied. Potato dextrose agar and Linseed meal medium were found to be the best media for mycelial growth of the pathogen, whereas excellent sclerotial production was obtained on Linseed meal medium, Potato dextrose agar medium and Chickpea meal medium. The best mycelial growth was found at 300C followed by 350C and the most suitable pH was 4 followed by 5, 6 and 7. The maximum degradation of CMC by 15 days old culture filtrate of Sclerotium rolfsii was found at pH 7. However the maximum degradation of pectin by 15 days old culture filtrate of Sclerotium rolfsii was found at pH 9.2. The 100% pure culture filtrate was most effective for maceration of potato and carrot pith. Pin-prick method was most suitable for disease development when culture filtrate was inoculated on detached leaf of soybean to know the toxin production of S. rolfsii. A moisture level of 60% was found to be most suitable for the disease incidence, whereas, out of the different soil conditions maximum survival of fungus was recorded in Matasi and Kanhar. Out of the ten treatments of medicinal plant leaf extract, the maximum inhibition of radial growth was in Karanj. Complete inhibition of mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii was observed in Vitavax power and Bayleton upto 100 ppm. Sclerotial formation was not observed in these fungicides. Highest germination of seed was recorded when the seeds were treated with Vitavex power followed by M-2 and Sixer, whereas, the seeds when treated with Vitavex power and M-2 reduced total mortality to a great extent. Soil drenching alone in case of Vitavax power followed by M-2 showed high reduction in total mortality. Combined seed treatment and soil drenching with Vitavex power decreased the mortality of soybean. Maximum inhibition in radial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii was obtained with Trichoderma harzianum followed by Trichoderma viride. Complete inhibition of mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii was obtained with Cow urine and Panchgavya. The entries JS-75-46, JS-71-05 showed resistant reaction against of collar rot of Soybean.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GROSS, HISTOMORPHOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN ASEEL AND VANARAJA BREEDS OF POULTRY(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDAYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2011) DESHMUKH, SHIVESH KUMAR; INGOLE, S.P.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF NUCLEOTIDES ON GUT HEALTH, IMMUNOCOMPETENCE AND NUTRIENT UTILIZATION IN BROILER CHICKEN(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDAYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2010) SWARNKAR, SUPRIYA; TIWARI, S.P.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON METHANE PRODUCTION IN GOATS FED ROUGHAGE BASED DIETS AND ITS MITIGATION BY SUPPLEMENTING POLYHERBAL PRODUCTS(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDAYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2010) NANDA, SUBHANKAR; TIWARI, S.P.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION ON PHYSIO-BIOCHEMICAL AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN KIDS(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDAYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2010) Kashyap, Shikhresh Kumar; Gendley, M.K.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EGG QUALITY TRAITS IN WHITE LEGHORN CHICKEN(INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDAYALAYA, RAIPUR, 2010) Pathak, Rupal; Choursia, S.K.